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Biomedical subjects

L E Heider

Publications and source records attributed to L E Heider.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Characterization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigenic proteins.

The characterization of a purified antigen from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, recently made commercially available for use in serodiagnosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), of paratuberculosis in cattle was described. This assay had 89% specificity and 83% sensitivity for M paratuberculosis infection. The protein/polypeptide composition of the purified antigen was compared with that of a crude protoplasmic extract of strain 18 M paratuberculosis used in the agar-gel immunodiffusion test and ELISA and with that of sonicated strain 19698 M paratuberculosis organisms grown on Dorset-Henley synthetic liquid medium. The sonicated M paratuberculosis contained 27 major proteins/polypeptides; the crude protoplasmic extract, 18; and the purified antigen contained 14 proteins/polypeptides, using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis analysis. The serologic reactivity of these proteins/polypeptides were defined, using the enzyme-linked immuno-electrotransfer blot technique. The sonicated M paratuberculosis contained 20 serologically reactive proteins/polypeptides (34,000 to 84,000 daltons); the crude protoplasmic extract contained 3 (37,000 to 45,000 daltons); and the purified extract contained a diffuse polypeptide band (34,000 to 38,000 daltons). Identification by enzyme-linked immuno-electrotransfer blot technique of M paratuberculosis antigens reactive in the ELISA will allow us to further study these antigens in the ELISA to improve sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effectiveness of educational efforts in implementing mastitis control procedures in commercial dairy herds.

One hundred-fifty diarymen in north-eastern Ohio, whose herds had a history of persistently high Wisconsin Mastitis Test scores, were invited to participate in this project, with 43 agreeing to do so. These dairymen were divided into two experimental groups and one control group to determine the effectiveness of two intensities of educational effort on adoption of mastitis control procedures and to demonstrate the effectiveness of mastitis control recommendations. A teat dipping and dry cow therapy program was adopted by more herds in the group with intense educational effort than in the intermediate or control group. Percents of herds in each group utilizing this program in 1977 (start of project), 1978, and 1979 were 8, 75, and 92 for the intense group; 30, 50, and 50 for the intermediate group; and 10, 27, and 27 for the control group. Prevalence of infection declined more rapidly in the intense group with 42, 28, and 24% of cows infected; 39, 25, and 30% in the intermedia, and 56, 35, and 42% in the control group in 1977, 1978, and 1979. Those herds adopting a teat dipping and dry cow therapy program had infection prevalence of 41, 25, and 20% of cows; bulk tank Wisconsin Mastitis Test scores of 15.5, 14.7, and 11.4; and milk production per cow per day of 18.4, 18.4, and 17.5 kg in 1977, 1978, and 1979.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Control of internal parasites in dairy replacement heifers by two treatments in the spring.

Eleven dairy replacement heifers (mean body weight, 262.0 kg) were given two treatments with levamisole in the spring to reduce worm egg output and consequent pasture contamination with infective nematode larvae during the summer/autumn grazing season. The treatments were given 3 weeks and 76 weeks after the heifers were moved from confinement to permanent pastures in may 1979, at which time they were 5 to 12 months old. Treated heifers gained significantly (P < 0.01) more weight than a group of 11 control heifers (mean body weight, 262.4 kg) and outweighed them by mean values of 9.2, 19.7, 31.0, and 39.5 kg at the end of July, August, September, and October, respectively. Control heifers had highest egg counts (47-51 eggs/g) from July to September, but there was a 2-month delay before treated heifers attained peak concentrations (42 eggs/g). This delay occurred at a critical time of the year (July, August), when environmental conditions were favorable for the rapid development of eggs to infective larvae. When the egg count for treated heifers peaked at the end of September, environmental conditions were no longer favorable for optimal development of free-living stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Identification and epidemiologic significance of nematodes in a dairy barn.

In a study on nematodes recovered from dairy barn mangers, stalls, calf pens, and exercise yards at The Ohio State University, over 99% of the nematodes were nonparasitic species of the family Rhabditidae. The only parasitic species recovered was Strongyloides sp, a rhabditoid nematode of minor clinical importance to adult cattle. These findings were in disagreement with widely publicized claims that adult dairy cattle in confinement are continuously exposed to trichostrongylids and that all cows should be routinely treated with anthelmintics.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Dairy herd reproductive health programs compared with traditional practices.

Reproductive herd health programs have been advocated for many years, and rational approaches that are cost effective have been demonstrated. Dissemination of this information to dairymen can help create a demand for veterinary service. Similarly, the information can be utilized by veterinarians to encourage dairy clients to utilize profitable practices and programs. The study described demonstrated an improvement in biologic goals when a reproductive herd health program was incorporated into the management scheme. The program achieved economic success by reducing costs related to reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Practical mastitis control in the field.

Research has shown the effectiveness of teat dipping and medically treating all nonlactating cows to control mastitis. However, there is a problem of getting dairy-men to accept the program. Improved educational programs might be helpful. Some means of visual evaluation is essential to acceptance. Use of indirect tests for estimating cell content can be helpful in evaluating control efforts and in demonstrating results. More intense coordinated effort by professional persons advising dairy-men is necessary.

Animals↗