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Biomedical subjects

L E Becker

Publications and source records attributed to L E Becker.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Studies of human papovavirus tumor antigen in experimental and human cerebral neoplasms.

Three types of papovaviruses (JC, BK, and SV40) have been isolated from man. All three are oncogenic in hamsters, cause frequent infection of man, and share a common T antigen. Augmentation of the expression of T antigen by in vitro cultivation of SV40-induced tumors of hamsters suggested that growing human brain tumors in vitro might provide an effective screening technique for the SV40 virus. In a series of human brain tumors examined in cryostat sections and in tissue culture, T antigen could not be demonstrated, suggesting that by this immunofluorescent technique SV40 was not implicated in the etiology of these tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Cerebral damage in neonates resulting from arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen.

Seven neonates with arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen are described. Six presented with cyanotic heart failure. Two cases had antenatal cerebral infarction, five periventricular leukomalacia, and three recent haemorrhagic infarction. Cerebral damage due to the malformation suggests that surgical correction of the arteriovenous malformation offers little to neonates, though after the neonatal period individuals can be cured by operation.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1965

Prapism.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intractable seizure disorder associated with chronic herpes infection. HSV1 detection in tissue by the polymerase chain reaction.

We describe the pathological findings and report the detection of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) in the brain in three patients who presented with intractable seizures. All three patients had a previous history of HSV1 encephalitis and went on to develop a medically refractory seizure disorder necessitating surgical intervention. HSV1 encephalitis was clinically diagnosed and treated at 6 months, 3 years, and 7 months and surgical resection was done at 8.5 years, 6 years, and 3 years, in cases 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Pathological examination revealed chronic encephalitis in all three cases, with microglial nodules, intraparenchymal, perivascular and meningeal lymphocytic infiltrates, and gliosis. While immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies were negative for viral pathogens, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed HSV1 genome. These cases represent examples of chronic herpes encephalitis and seizure disorder with presence of viral genome in the brain long after the initial episode of treated herpes encephalitis.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gonadoblastoid testicular dysplasia in Walker-Warburg syndrome.

Two male fetuses (18 and 22 weeks gestation) and a 3-month-old male infant (full sibling of the younger fetus) who were diagnosed with Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) on the basis of neuropathologic autopsy findings in brain, eyes, and muscle also had micro-orchia and, microscopically, diffuse gonadoblastoid dysplasia in the testes. Both fetuses also had a miniature left ureter and cystic dysplastic left kidney. Testes from control fetuses of 17-24 weeks gestation with normal karyotype and no central nervous system abnormalities (group A, n = 50), a variety of central nervous system abnormalities (group B, n = 50), or an autosomal aneuploidy syndrome with or without central nervous system abnormalities (group C, n = 30) had no diffuse dysplasia, although a single gonadoblastoid seminiferous tubular profile was present in three controls. Testicular morphology was normal in older fetuses and infants with a wide variety of central nervous system malformations (group D, n = 50). We found no evidence of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in the three WWS cases to account for the small penis and incompletely descended testes commonly reported in this condition. We concluded that the apparent specificity of the gonadoblastoid testicular dysplasia to WWS suggests that the gene defect directly affects testicular development.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glial reaction in periventricular areas of the brainstem in fetal and neonatal posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and congenital hydrocephalus.

This immunohistochemical, neuropathological study was performed on the ventricular wall of the brainstem in children with fetal and neonatal posthemorrhagic and congenital hydrocephalus. In posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), hemosiderin deposits, nodular gliosis, ependymal cell loss and subependymal rosette formation developed subventricularly after 2 weeks of age. Ferritin-positive reactive microglia were well stained until about 2 weeks of age and thereafter diminished as reactive astrocytosis occurred. In congenital hydrocephalus (CH), the damage to the ventricular wall was less than in PHH at all ages and was associated with only mild astrogliosis. These differences in the neuropathological findings of periventricular regions, consisting mainly of glial reactions between PHH and CH, are due to differences in pathophysiology, and the timing of the insult in both conditions. The differences may be due to the effects of intraventricular hemorrhage and/or rapidly increased intracranial pressure in PHH. These results may have implications for the neurological prognosis in children with PHH.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain morphology in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a Golgi study.

Intellectual impairment associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is well recognized, although no consistent anatomic central nervous system lesions have been reported. The autopsy findings of 13 patients, ages 13-18 years, were reviewed. Intelligence quotients, ascertained in 5 patients, ranged from 46-79. Gross and microscopic examinations of brain and spinal cord revealed no consistent pattern of abnormalities. Neuropathology included neuronal loss and gliosis in spinal gray matter and tegmental brainstem, extensive Purkinje cell loss, mononuclear perivascular cuffing with cortical and subcortical gliosis, and cerebral heterotopia. Quantitative analysis of rapid Golgi impregnations of the visual cortex revealed significantly reduced dendritic length and branching of apical and basal dendrites from pyramidal neurons in 1 patient and less striking attenuation of dendritic arborization in 2 others. The literature suggests that the intellectual deficit in Duchenne muscular dystrophy is nonprogressive and unrelated to age or severity of muscle disease, although performance intelligence quotient may deteriorate with progressive muscle weakness. Golgi analysis suggested that abnormal dendritic development and arborization may underlie intellectual impairment. Although the pathogenesis of the cellular defect is not fully known, the coexistence of central nervous system and muscle pathology raises the possibility of a common molecular mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between abnormal respiratory control and perinatal brainstem and cerebellar infarctions.

Clinical and neuropathologic studies were performed in 5 infants who had brainstem or cerebellar infarction and respiratory control abnormalities during early infancy. The anatomic distribution of brainstem infarction was closely related to the failure of neural respiratory control as was unilateral cerebral hemorrhagic infarction to sudden death. Brainstem and cerebellar lesions may be important in the pathogenetic mechanism of sleep apnea and sudden infant death syndrome due to brainstem tegmental gliosis and cerebellar respiratory control disturbance.

Brain Stem↗