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Biomedical subjects

L Doyle

Publications and source records attributed to L Doyle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Comparison of two-dimensional time-of-flight dynamic magnetic resonance angiography with digital subtraction angiography in popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To assess dynamic magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) as an alternative to catheter angiography in patients with popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nine patients with surgically proven PAES underwent provocation digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and 2-dimensional time-of-flight dynamic MRA of the popliteal fossae (total of 17 limbs). Eight normal volunteers also underwent dynamic MRA (total of 16 limbs). Two observers blinded to the surgical findings and the results of DSA independently evaluated the 33 limbs of the 17 subjects on the basis of maximum-intensity projection images and transverse MRA source images. The degree of stenosis was graded and compared with that indicated by DSA. RESULTS: Among the 17 limbs of patients with surgically proven PAES, dynamic MRA suggested the correct diagnosis in 13 (76%) by indicating stenosis greater than 50%. Dynamic MRA indicated stenosis of 1% to 50% for 4 (25%) of the 16 normal limbs and no stenosis in the other 12 normal limbs (i.e., no false positive results). CONCLUSION: Catheter angiography is not necessary if dynamic MRA indicates stenosis of greater than 50% in patients with clinical suspicion of PAES, but is recommended if dynamic MRA indicates stenosis of 1% to 50%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Perinatal infection with Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes has been increasingly recognized as a cause of intrauterine sepsis with associated perinatal wastage. The condition is mostly acquired through dietary intake and appropriate advice should be given to all pregnant women. The most common presentations in pregnancy include premature labour, an influenza-like illness and reduced fetal movements. In this report, we present a series of 24 cases of perinatal listeria infection presenting to either our obstetric or neonatal units and confirmed by the microbiology department of the hospital. In particular, we wish to highlight 3 cases in which antenatal diagnosis and aggressive therapy was associated with a successful outcome. Amongst the remaining 21 cases in which an antenatal diagnosis was not made, there were 5 perinatal deaths and 1 mid-trimester loss at 18 weeks. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for listeria, particularly in gravid patients who present with fever in the setting of a persistent 'flu-like' illness and premature labour. Once suspected, appropriate specimens for listeria culture should include blood, cervical swabs and midstream urine. Empirical antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin should be instituted while waiting for culture results in patients with possible Listeria monocytogenes sepsis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. A case report and a review of the literature.

A 32-year-old woman in her third pregnancy underwent fetal blood sampling because of a previous child with neonatal thrombocytopenia. At 33 weeks' gestation, fetal thrombocytopenia was diagnosed. Treatment was instituted antenatally with serial fetal platelet transfusions and corticosteroid therapy. Delivery was by Caesarean section at 37 weeks' gestation. Neonatal treatment included further platelet transfusion and immunoglobulin infusion. Recovery of the neonate was complete on discharge from hospital 10 days after birth. The aetiology, diagnosis, clinical presentations and therapeutic options in cases of alloimmune thrombocytopenia are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mechanical plus pharmacological prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis in acute spinal cord injury.

This pilot study assessed the effectiveness of external pneumatic compression (EPC) with gradient elastic stockings (GES) and low dose heparin (LDH) in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in acute spinal cord injured (SCI) patients in the first 14 days following injury. Twenty-one consecutive patients within 48 hrs of injury with acute C2 through T12 motor complete or nonfunctional motor incomplete spinal cord lesions were enrolled. 125 I fibrinogen scanning was performed daily. A positive scan was confirmed by venography. Thrombosis was demonstrated in 1/19 patients. A control group from a previous study confirmed thrombosis in 6/17 patients (p = 0.04). Comparison of extent of thrombosis demonstrated a reduction in the treated group (p = 0.02). This pilot study demonstrates that EPC with GES plus LDH may be an effective prophylactic regimen in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Herpes simplex virus type 1 infections presenting at birth.

Two cases of intra-uterine acquired neonatal herpes simplex type I presented with atypical skin lesions apparent at or shortly after birth; the timing and appearance of the lesions meant that herpes virus infections were not considered to be the most likely diagnosis. Once herpes simplex was diagnosed, both infants were treated with acyclovir. Prompt diagnosis and institution of acyclovir are imperative for a favourable outcome from neonatal herpes infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Normal vaginal aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).

The most common bacterial species isolated from the vaginas of 37 healthy rhesus macaques were Streptococcus viridans, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Mobiluncus curtisii ss. curtisii, Corynebacterium renale-like organisms, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Gardnerella-like organisms, and other Corynebacterium species. The vaginal flora of the rhesus macaque differs from that previously reported for five other primate species. A two-year retrospective review of clinical cases of vaginitis and metritis found Escherichia coli and coagulase positive Staphylococci to be the most common pathogens isolated.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An outbreak of infectious conjunctivitis spread by microscopes.

Among the potential occupational hazards of microscope use is the transmission of infectious agents among employees. We report a large (145 cases) and costly (+647,000) epidemic of viral conjunctivitis in a microelectronics factory. Spread of the illness appeared to be through sharing of microscopes among employees. Routine handwashing instructions and safety glasses failed to prevent spread of the epidemic. Mandatory screening prior to work and temporary plant shut-down were finally successful. We discuss efforts to control this outbreak and make recommendations to prevent similar epidemics in other workplaces.

Conjunctivitis, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Pathogenesis of secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: a hypothesis.

Wide ranges both in the location and the pathological state of the primary disease associated with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HO) have been noted. The combined distribution of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves appears to coincide with the range of locations of the primary disease associated with HO. These two nerves are believed to contribute to the innervation of the blood vessels in this same area. This hypothesis states that: i) some of this innervation is part of a blood volume control system; and ii) by an inappropriate stimulation of this system, as a result of blood-flow in an anomalous vascular rearrangement lying close to the primary disease associated with HO, a cerebral salt centre is stimulated to retain extra-cellular sodium. A secondary atrial natriuretic peptide over-secretion ensues and a "near steady-state" is established, with the presence of excess fluid and dilated vessels in all four limbs. Thus, the pathogenesis of HO and the distribution of an extra-renal volume control system are reciprocal facets of the same question.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1988

Functional properties of proteins coded by three human alpha-interferon genes and a pseudogene.

We have characterized the functional properties of four highly purified recombinant human class I alpha-interferon subtypes whose biological activities have not been described previously. We selected biological and biochemical activities that may discriminate between different functions of these molecules. We found that the alpha subtypes could be discriminated only by antiviral-host range specificity and natural killer cell activation. Differences in their antiproliferative activity were cell line dependent. Competitive binding, antiproliferative activity in agar, enhancement of expression of HLA-ABC, elevation of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase levels and enhancement of phosphorylation of the Mr 69,000 protein kinase did not allow discrimination among the alpha I subtypes on the tested cell lines.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗