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Biomedical subjects

L Dahlin

Publications and source records attributed to L Dahlin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effects of electro-acupuncture and physical exercise on regional concentrations of neuropeptides in rat brain.

The effects of single or repeated treatments with manual acupuncture (ACU), electro-acupuncture (ELACU) or physical exercise on neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurokinin A (NKA), substance P (SP), galanin (GAL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) in different regions of the rat brain were studied. Initially the effect of microwave irradiation (MWI) was compared to decapitation on the recovery of neuropeptides, and significantly higher concentrations of SP-LI, NKA-LI and NPY-LI were found in the hippocampus, occipital cortex, pituitary and striatum following MWI. Repeated ELACU treatments significantly increased SP-LI, NKA-LI and NPY-LI in the hippocampus and NPY-LI in the occipital cortex. No changes were found in animals receiving ACU or performing physical exercise.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1994

Salutogenic childhood factors reported by middle-aged individuals. Follow-up of the children from the Lundby study grown up in families experiencing three or more childhood psychiatric risk factors.

This study is salutogenic (= causes of health), focusing on factors which corresponded to good mental health in subjects who had been exposed to at least three child psychiatric risk factors when growing up. The material was drawn from a prospective, longitudinal population study on mental health, the Lundby Study, which was performed in three waves in 1947, 1957 and 1972. In 1988/89, 148 individuals then 42-56 years of age, were re-visited and interviewed about their life span experiences. Factors previously found to increase stress resilience in children and adolescents were identified. The personal dispositions during childhood found to be associated with adult positive mental health were childhood positive self-esteem, successful coping, internal locus of control and intellectual capacity. Childhood family factors, such as trusting relations with a parent and shared values, were also important. Antonovsky's sense of coherence model can be used to explain the mechanisms by which the different variables can lead to health through increasing an individual's capacity for comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness, the three concepts of sense of coherence.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Tubular repair of the median nerve in the human forearm. Preliminary findings.

Transected median nerves in the forearm of two male patients, 12 and 21 years of age, were treated with a chamber technique leaving a 3 to 5 mm gap between the nerve ends. The nerve ends were enclosed in a silicone tube of such a dimension that would not cause compression of the nerve. Post-operative examination including sensory evaluation and assessment of muscle contraction force was carried out after 3 years. In both cases there was excellent motor recovery of the thenar muscles. Outgrowth of sensory fibres was remarkably fast, resulting ultimately in functional sensibility allowing almost normal hand function. 2PD was < or = 6 mm (12-year-old patient) and 8 to 10 mm (21-year-old patient) respectively. In one case the silicone tube was re-explored because of minor local discomfort 2 years after the repair. The former gap was bridged by a smooth continuous nerve-like structure of the same diameter as the adjacent nerve trunk and with no signs of neuroma formation or compression of the nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Trophism, tropism, and specificity in nerve regeneration.

Target-derived neurotrophic factors are of basic importance for survival of neurons. In the normal state, such neurotrophic factors, synthesized by the target tissues, are taken up by nerve terminals and transported by retrograde axonal transport in axons to the nerve-cell bodies to maintain their viability. After nerve injury, neurotrophic factors are synthesized by non-neuronal cells (Schwann cells and fibroblasts) in the nerve trunk, thereby supporting the outgrowth of axons. Neurite-outgrowth-promoting factors on cell surfaces (cell adhesion molecules, "recognition molecules") or in the extracellular matrix promote extension of the axons by providing an appropriate "adhesiveness" in the substrate. Both neurotrophic and neurite-outgrowth-promoting factors are essential for axonal growth after injury. Specificity in end-organ reinnervation is a complex phenomenon which may be based on physical factors at the zone of injury, as well as on molecular interaction between axons and substrate cells along the pathways and at the target level. Such processes may include molecular recognition of appropriate axons and maintenance of such axons by trophic mechanisms, as well as the pruning of inappropriate axons. The ultimate errors in target reinnervation are reflected in a cortical re-organization in the somatosensory cortex. The capacity of the brain to "reprogram" itself and adapt to this functional re-organization is critical for the ultimate recovery of functional sensory/motor function after nerve injuries.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Childhood vulnerability and adult invincibility.

This study is salutogenic, focusing on the people who cope successfully with the handicapping background of a high-risk childhood. Of those aged 0-15 in 1947 in a total population survey of 2 Swedish parishes, 221 persons with 3 or more childhood psychiatric risk factors were identified. Personal interviews were conducted with 148 of them in 1988-1989. Four measures were used: the Sense of Coherence Scale, the Symptom Distress Checklist, the Quality of Life Scale, and a qualitative overall measure of health status using all interview material. Data analysis focuses on stressing the considerable proportion who managed to overcome their handicapped backgrounds. The sense of coherence is proposed as a powerful explanatory variable in such success.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Standard of living, health, and utilization of social and health services. A survey of the population of three districts in Malmö.

A survey of the social and medical conditions of the population in three well-defined districts in Malmö was made in order to obtain background data for the planning of open care. A random choice was made of 70 households from each of the three residential areas for interview purposes. Available data concerning actual individuals were collected from the social and health authorities. Wide variations existed between the three districts. The inhabitants of Kroksbäck, mostly young families with children, were comparatively healthy somatically, whereas many had social problems; mental troubles were common too. In Lorensborg, the inhabitants did not conspicuously deviate from the average, as regards complaints. In Ellstorp, with its elderly population, two in three had impaired health, mostly in the form of somatic complaints; moreover their teeth were in poor condition. One in three of all interviewees had felt ill in some respect during the fortnight preceding the interview, and more than half had some current health problem. Eleven percent of all interviewees had sought medical advice during this fortnight. One in three of the interviewees was using prescribed remedies at the time of the interview. Eleven percent of those in the gainfully employable age range had been sick-listed for some part of the fortnight. The need for a general practitioner service, continuity of care, health centres and integration of social and medical care is discussed.

Demography↗