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Biomedical subjects

L D Young

Publications and source records attributed to L D Young.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Reliability of a brief scale for assessment of coronary-prone behavior and standard measures of type A behavior.

45 male volunteers were classified by the Structured Interview for Type A behavior and also by the Jenkins Activity Survey. Each subject also responded to a series of 10 questions taken from the Milwaukee Cardiovascular Life Quality Questionnaire. 10 items of the questionnaire were tested to form a scale, the Milwaukee questionnaire--10 for the classification of Type A and B coronary-prone behavior. Each response was rated as one if it was in the previously defined direction of Type A or as zero if in Type B direction. The mean response in this population was 3.56. Subjects scoring 0 to 3 were then classified as Type B and those scoring 4 and more as Type A. Subjects were also given two standard measures of Type A behavior, the Jenkins survey and the structured interview. Comparisons of Type A vs B classes were made between the Milwaukee questionnaire and the interview and the Jenkins survey. High agreement rating Type A behavior was found among instruments. The 10 items appear to provide a reliable and brief scale for rating Type A coronary-prone behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effect of lithium carbonate on alcoholism in 20 male patients with concurrent major affective disorder.

Descriptively, Alcoholism and Bipolar Affective Disorders may resemble each other. Both disorders are marked by a chronic course with periods of remission and relapse and often profound affective disturbance. Since lithium carbonate has shown a remarkable efficacy in the treatment or prophylaxis of Bipolar Affective Disorder, it would be natural to hope for some similar dramatic benefit in alcoholism. Two controlled studies have been published in English in which lithium salts showed some benefits on drinking in "depressed" patients with alcoholism. Other studies published in the literature have been less certain but cautiously positive about some anti-alcohol effects of lithium. Favorable anecdotal reports have continued to appear, and there is every indication that lithium may be prescribed quite widely in alcoholism. It is remarkable that since lithium has a very specific therapeutic effect on mania and a much less clear effect on depression that no one has previously reported on manic (or Bipolar) patients with problem drinking or alcoholism in a systematic fashion. This lack of data may perhaps result from difficulty in locating such a population. In a previous publication, two of the present authors reported little benefit on alcohol symptoms in a small number of patients with mania who they treated for 6 or more months. In the present study, we have extended this first report to a group of 20 Bipolar or manic patients with concurrent diagnosis of alcoholism or abusive drinking, all of whom were followed on lithium for not less than one year.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effects of the distribution of training on learning feedback-assisted cardiac acceleration.

In order to test a hypothesis derived from a motor skills learning model of cardiac acceleration control, groups of subjects were given biofeedback training for four sessions to learn cardiac acceleration under four different training schedules: (1) all sessions in one day, (2) daily sessions, (3) sessions every other day, and (4) weekly sessions. Ability to accelerate heart rate both with and without feedback was determined at each session. Also ability to accelerate heart rate without feedback was determined 1 week after the last training session as a measure of retention. Although there was highly significant (p less than.0001) evidence of heart rate control both with and without feedback, there were no differences in degree of control attributable to distribution of training sessions. There was, however, a trend (p less than .10) for subjects trained under the most distributed training schedule (weekly) to show more retention than subjects trained under a less distributed schedule (daily).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lithium treatment of patients with affective illness associated with organic brain symptoms.

Lithium was used to treat the manic symptoms of affective disorder in three patients with associated organic brain syndromes. In all three cases neuropsychological testing permitted evaluation of the degree of dysfunction during the acute and follow-up periods of treatment. Lithium was effective in controlling the manic symptoms of all three patients, and there was no evidence that it caused further organic deterioration.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Mother-infant separation in rhesus monkeys as a model of human depression. A reconsideration.

Nineteen rhesus monkeys between the ages of 5.9 and 8.5 months were separated from their mothers in five different studies. While in two of the studies, data indicated behavioral responses roughly parallel to Bowlby's protest-despair response to maternal separations, data across all five studies were sufficiently variable to bring this technique into serious question as a reliable and predictable animal model for neurobiologic and rehabilitative studies.

Animals↗