Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L D Miller

Publications and source records attributed to L D Miller.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Prevention of increased hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in open-heart operations with inosine-phosphate-pyruvate solution.

In a control group of 32 patients undergoing open-heart operation, erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) declined progressively during the course of perfusion from a prebypass mean of 17.00 to 11.29 mu M per gram of hemoglobin at the end of bypass. The decrease was greater than that attributable merely to dilution of the patients' cells with the 2,3-DPG-deficient donor cells used to prime the pump oxygenator circuit. Administration of 300 mg of allopurinol, to prevent the conversion of inosine to uric acid, every 8 hours during the 24 hours prior to operation in 11 patients did not prevent the 2,3-DPG decrease during heart-lung bypass: prebypass, 18.31; postbypass, 13.56 mu M/gm Hgb. The mean P50 for both these groups combined decreased from a prebypass mean of 25.7 to a postbypass level of 21.9 torr. A solution of 0.1 M inosine, 0.1 M pyruvate, and 0.066 M phosphate (IPP) in a dosage of 7.5 ml per kologram of body weight prevented the 2,3-DPG decrease: prebypass, 15.74; postbypass, 14.85. Administration of 15 ml per kilogram of IPP in 15 patients preserved 2,3-DPG: prebypass, 18.09; postbypass, 18.52. The P50 remained unchanged in this last group. The method of providing for myocardial oxygen requirements during bypass was not standardized, and therefore the protective effect of IPP against ischemic damage in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement or myocardial revascularization could not be evaluated. No deleterious effects of IPP were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The role of exchange transfusion in the management of low-birth-weight infants with and without severe respiratory distress syndrome. I. Initial observations.

Exchange transfusions within the first 8 hours of life, as an adjunct to conventional therapy, were evaluated in two groups of infants: (1) infants with birth weights of less than 1,250 gm without severe respiratory distress and (2) infants of any birth weight with evidence of severe respiratory distress syndrome. A total of 63 infants were studied in Group 1. Infants who received an exchange transfusion had a survival rate of 86% as contrasted with a survival rate of 57% in the control group (p less than 0.01). A total of 82 infants were studied in Group 2. Infants who received an exchange transfusion had a 59% survival rate as compared with a 39% survival rate for the control group (p less than 0.04). The mechanism by which early exchange transfusion improves survival rate is unknown.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

In vivo control of mitochondrial enzyme concentrations and activity by oxygen.

Newborn and adult dog heart mitochondria were prepared from animals chronically adjusted to varying arterial oxygen tensions. Similarly, rat liver and heart mitochondria were isolated from animals acutely exposed to lowered inspired oxygen. After isolation, all mitochondrial samples were assayed under normoxic conditions. These experiments illustrated the following effects of oxygen on mitochondrial function: 1) respiratory activity in State 3 or in the uncoupled state increased after hypoxia and decreased after increased in vivo oxygenation; 2) similarly, the turnover of cytochrome oxidase increased in hypoxia and decreased after increased oxygenation; 3) after chronic hypoxia cytochrome oxidase, cytochrome c and b concentrations decreased per miligram of mitochondrial protein; 4) all mitochondrial preparations were well coupled and exhibited normal capabilities to perform oxidative phosphorylation. The data are interpreted to indicate sensitive control of mitochondrial respiratory capacities by oxygen in vivo.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Physical and mental status at 4 years of age of survivors of the respiratory distress syndrome. Follow-up report from the collaborative study.

Fifty-eight survivors of the respiratory distress syndrome were evaluated at age 4 years for deficits in neuromotor performance and physical growth in a prospective study. Comparisons between RDS survivors and 290 matched controls plus 35,198 unmatched controls demonstrated that for each group the neuromotor performance was adversely affected by either low birth weight or low socioeconomic standing. Except for infants with birth weights above 2.5 kg, the RDS survivors performed as well as the two control groups. Comparisons with siblings failed to reveal a decrement in the RDS survivors. Hypothyroidism was more frequent among the RDS survivors than among the control subjects in the highest category of birth weight.

Birth Weight↗