Biomedical subjects

L D Koller

Publications and source records attributed to L D Koller.

94 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of humoral immunity to protein antigen without adjuvant in rats exposed to immunosuppressive chemicals.

An experimental protocol was designed to assess humoral immune responses in animals antigenically challenged without the aid of adjuvants. The antigen selected was keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized as the technique to measure serum antibody levels. The procedure was tested for sensitivity by use of a known immunosuppressant (cyclophosphamide), two metals (lead and selenium), and three chlorinated hydrocarbons (polychlorinated biphenyls, pentachlorophenol, and toxaphene). KLH without adjuvant provoked an adequate humoral immune response when assessed by the ELISA. The antibody response was greater on d 15 than on d 8 following primary KLH challenge, while secondary challenge resulted in an additional 10-fold increase in antibody levels. Cyclophosphamide suppressed the later primary response (d 15) and the secondary response more so than the early primary response (d 8). Of the 5 chemicals tested, 4 resulted in significantly impaired antibody levels to KLH at some time during the response. The magnitude of the immune response elicited to KLH is compared to that reported for bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin administered with Freund's adjuvant.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of inorganic lead and/or a polychlorinated biphenyl on the developing immune system of mice.

Approximately 200 female Swiss-Webster mice, six to eight weeks of age, were divided into eight groups. Three of these groups were fed 10, 100, or 250 ppm Aroclor 1254. One group was treated with 1000 ppm lead. Three groups were exposed simultaneously to lead and Aroclor 1254 at concentrations of 10 ppm PCB + 1000 ppm Pb, 100 ppm PCB + 1000 ppm Pb, and 250 ppm PCB + 1000 ppm Pb. Control mice received deionized water and rat food only. All groups were exposed for a period of 12 wk, then bred, with exposure continued throughout gestation and lactation. Offspring were weaned onto the control diet at 3 wk of age. Results from this study indicate a varied effect of lead and/or PCBs on body and organ weights of both dams and their pups, no noticeable detrimental effect on reproduction, and very little effect on the pups' ability to mount an immune response upon challenge with foreign antigens.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue residues, pathology and viral-induced mortality in mice chronically exposed to different cadmium salts.

Male Swiss Webster mice were exposed to one of three different cadmium salts (sulfate, acetate and chloride) in the drinking water for 10 weeks and then inoculated with a 14-day LD75 or LD35 dilution of encephalomyocarditis virus. the incidence of viral-induced mortality was lower in 17 of the 18 cadmium-treated groups of mice as compared to controls. Cadmium tissue residues and histopathologic lesions were essentially similar at comparable doses in all groups of mice regardless of the form of cadmium in the diet.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Methylmercury: effects on B-lymphocyte receptors and phagocytosis of macrophages.

Mice were exposed to 0, 1,5 and 10 ppm methylmercury for 10 weeks. After exposure, splenic lymphocytes were collected and examined for the ability of their antibody (Fc) and complement receptors to rosette sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in the presence of anti-SRBC antibody. Peritoneal exudate cells were also collected and examined for Fc rosetting and phagocytic properties. The largest dosage of methylmercury activated the complement receptor of B lymphocytes to rosette SRBC. The lower dosages did not affect this property of B cells nor did methylmercury alter the Fc receptors on B lymphocytes and macrophages or phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages.

Animals↗