Effects of phenanthrene on primary production of phytoplankton in two New Jersey estuaries.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Fresh Water↗
Biomedical subjects
L D Kelly
Publications and source records attributed to L D Kelly.
Nursing assessment and patient management.
OBJECTIVES: To review contemporary knowledge and recent research in the nursing assessment and management of patients receiving radiation therapy. DATA SOURCES: Published scientific papers, review articles, book chapters, and clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the enormous advances in treatment technology, dose-limiting acute and late effects of radiation therapy have not been eliminated. Astute assessment and early interventions can have a positive impact on the quality of life of the patient receiving radiation therapy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Oncology nurses need to be well-informed about treatment advances and be able to integrate research findings into clinical practice. The increased use of concurrent or sequential combined modality therapy requires nurses to broaden their skills of assessment and management.
Fatigue↗
Predictive factors for response to medical therapy in bacterial ulcerative keratitis.
BACKGROUND: Fifty-four consecutive cases of culture-positive bacterial ulcerative keratitis presenting at a major university hospital were reviewed to identify factors predictive of response to medical therapy for bacterial ulcerative keratitis (BUK). METHODS: Eleven patients (20%) failed medical therapy (defined as the need for surgical intervention or cyanoacrylate gluing). Using multivariate logistic regression, the following variables were evaluated: (1) predisposing ocular factors (e.g., contact lens wear), (2) pre-existing ocular diseases, (3) ulcer size, and (4) the number of topical ocular medications used at the time of presentation. RESULTS: We noted certain factors to be potentially predictive of medical therapy outcome. The average size of the ulcer at the time of presentation was 4.4 +/- 2.4 mm in the failure group but only 2.5 +/- 1.9 mm for the success group (P = 0.027). In addition, patients in the medical failure group used more topical ocular medications at the time of presentation (P = 0.0075). Further analysis of the individual topical ocular medications revealed that the use of corticosteroids was higher in the failure group (56% vs 12%, P = 0.0005 by Fisher's exact test). Other factors such as patient age, the type of organism(s), and the time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and the beginning of definitive therapy were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In this population, ulcer size at the onset of antibacterial treatment and the use of certain ocular medications, specifically corticosteroids, were significant predictive factors for failure of medical therapy for BUK.
Adolescent↗
The effect of concurrent Pseudomonas or Xanthomonas exposure on adherence of Acanthamoeba castellanii to soft contact lenses.
BACKGROUND: Approximately 85% of Acanthamoeba-contaminated contact lens systems in asymptomatic patients have concurrent bacterial contamination. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas maltophilia are common contact lens contaminants; we investigated the effect of coincubation of Acanthamoeba adherence to contact lenses. METHODS: A. castellanii, 1 x 10(5) organisms/ml, was coincubated with P. aeruginosa or X. maltophilia, 1 x 10(8) CFU/ml in phosphate-buffered saline. Sterile, unworn polymacon, etafilcon A or lidofilcon contact lens were investigated. The experimental groups were: (I) lenses exposed to bacteria for 1 h, then Acanthamoeba for 2 h; (II) lenses exposed concurrently to bacteria and Acanthamoeba for 2 h; (III) Acanthamoeba coincubated with bacteria for 24 h, then lenses exposed for 2 h; (IV) lenses exposed to Acanthamoeba for 2 h (control). RESULTS: For all experimental groups, Acanthamoeba adherence was greater to lidofilcon than to polymacon and etafilcon. For both P. aeruginosa and X. maltophilia, neither group I nor group II displayed greater Acanthamoeba adherence than group IV. Group III exhibited significantly less adherence than group IV for lidofilcon and polymacon. The decrease in group III adherence reflected an overall decrease in Acanthamoeba trophozoite concentration. CONCLUSION: Short bacteria/Acanthamoeba coincubation times did not result in increased Acanthamoeba adherence. Twenty-four-hour coincubation resulted in decreased adherence for Pseudomonas and unchanged adherence rates for Xanthomonas. This model suggests that Pseudomonas or Xanthomonas co-contamination does not necessarily facilitate quantitative Acanthamoeba contact lens adherence.
Acanthamoeba↗
The effect of Acanthamoeba concentration on adherence to four types of unworn soft contact lenses.
Contact lens wear is a predominant risk factor for Acanthamoeba keratitis. The exact nature of the relationship between organism concentration and contact lens adherence is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of Acanthamoeba inoculation concentration on adherence to four categories of contact lenses of varying polymers and water content. Acanthamoeba polyphaga was harvested in log growth phase at 5 days subculture and suspended in PBS at concentrations of 1 x 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6) organisms/mL (trophozoite:cyst ratio 90:10 +/- 2). Sterile unworn polymacon, etafilcon, lidofilcon, and bufilcon contact lens segments were exposed to Acanthamoeba for 2 hours. Acanthamoeba adherence was quantified using phase contrast microscopy. For all lens types, trophozoite adherence increased as the concentration of inoculum increased, but the relationship was not directly proportional. In all cases the minimal adherence was observed at 10(2). Trophozoite adherence increased disproportionate to cysts for all contact lens types. The greatest adherence was to lidofilcon lenses. At all concentrations adherence was greater to lidofilcon than etafilcon or polymacon, and greater to bufilcon than etafilcon or polymacon at the P < 0.01 level. Adherence was significantly greater to lidofilcon than bufilcon only at 1 x 10(5) and 10(6); P < 0.05 (ANOVA). This study suggests that adherence of A. polyphaga to contact lenses increases with the number of organisms in the inoculum, but the relationship is not directly proportional. The number of adherent organisms varies by contact lens type, with the greatest adherence to lidofilcon and the least to etafilcon lenses.
Acanthamoeba↗
Quantitative comparison of Acanthamoeba castellanii adherence to rigid versus soft contact lenses.
We evaluated quantitative differences in adherence of Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and cysts to new unworn contact lenses as a function of contact lens type and duration of exposure. Daily wear soft (polymacon), disposable soft (etafilcon A), rigid gas permeable (RGP) (siloxane acrylate), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) contact lenses were exposed to 1 x 10(5)/mL log phase A. castellanii (trophozoite:cyst ratio 90:10) for 10 seconds, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes. The number of adherent organisms was determined by light microscopy and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Rates of cyst adherence were similar among contact lens types. We observed significantly greater adherence of trophozoites to RGP and PMMA lenses compared with soft contact lenses (P < 0.05). This difference in trophozoite adherence was significant at all four time periods (P < 0.05). Our findings show that A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts adhere to both soft and rigid contact lens types. We also found that although trophozoite adherence increases as a function of duration of exposure, adherent organisms were observed with exposure times as brief as 10 seconds. This suggests that all contact lens types may be at risk for Acanthamoeba attachment and that even minimal exposure times may be sufficient for lens contamination.
Acanthamoeba↗
A weight reduction intervention that optimizes use of practitioner's time, lowers glucose level, and raises HDL cholesterol level in older adults.
OBJECTIVE: The effects of a cognitive-behavioral weight control intervention were compared in two independent-living, older adult (mean age = 70.5 years) communities. DESIGN: The research design compared the experimental community (n = 163), which received the intervention, with the control community (n = 162). SUBJECTS: Overweight individuals (> 4.5 kg of age-adjusted weight according to height-weight tables) were recruited from both communities. INTERVENTION: Components of the Dietary Intervention: Evaluation of Technology (DIET) program included a video-tape, a workbook, computerized tracking of participants, a telephone hot line, educational group discussions, and individual consultation. OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in body weight, body mass index, and lipid and glucose measures were selected to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: One-way analysis of variance by group was done to compare changes in continuous variables between the intervention and control communities. RESULTS: Baseline body mass index and weight were 30.8 and 79.5 kg, respectively, in the experimental community and 28.8 and 75.8 kg, respectively, in the control community. Mean weight change in the experimental community was -3.2 kg after 40 weeks of intervention, compared with no weight change in the control community (P < .0001). Mean plasma glucose level decreased -0.3 mmol/L and mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased 0.15 mmol/L in the experimental community, compared with no change in lipid parameter and a +0.3 mmol increase in glucose level in the control community (P < .0001). APPLICATIONS: Our findings suggest that an intervention that optimizes use of the practitioner's time can achieve a moderate weight loss and metabolic improvement in a community of older adults.
Aged↗
Alcaligenes faecalis corneal ulcer in a patient with cicatricial pemphigoid.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Alcaligenes↗
Delayed onset of varicella keratitis.
Although varicella is one of the most common infectious diseases in the United States, systemic and ocular complications are rare. We report a patient who developed disciform edema followed by microdendritic keratitis 1 and 2 months, respectively, after resolution of the acute phase of varicella. Cultures were negative, but serologic analysis found positive antibodies against varicella zoster virus and negative antibodies against herpes simplex virus. Based on this case and on a review of the literature, we believe that this delayed onset of keratitis represents a distinct category of varicella corneal complications.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Reevaluation of host corneal tissue 1955 to 1970: Calcofluor white staining for occult acanthamoebic infection.
The incidence of acanthamoebic keratitis before 1974 is not known. A retrospective study was conducted to understand better the early epidemiology of this infection. Host corneal tissue from therapeutic penetrating keratoplasties submitted to the Stanford Eye Pathology Laboratory from 1955 to 1970 were stained with Calcofluor white and observed by fluorescence microscopy. We reviewed 197 cases, and no misdiagnosed cases of acanthamoebic infection were found.
Acanthamoeba Keratitis↗
Survivors' reactions: suicide vs. other causes.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Accidents↗
Successful prophylaxis of Clostridium perfringens endophthalmitis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
A spectrum of bilateral squamous conjunctival tumors associated with human papillomavirus type 16.
Three patients with bilateral tumors presenting as multiple keratinizing and verrucous lesions of the bulbar and tarsal conjunctiva were determined by DNA amplification and hybridization studies to harbor human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16). Results of biopsy in two patients showed infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma in one eye and dysplasia or carcinoma in situ in the fellow eye. In the third patient, focal, inflamed, hypertrophic, papillary lesions with pseudoglandular invaginations of the surface epithelium were found in the tarsal conjunctivae of both eyes. These are the first documented cases of bilateral conjunctival tumors associated with human papillomavirus.
Adult↗
Bacteroides fragilis endophthalmitis: a case report.
Bacteroides fragilis is an infrequent anaerobic ocular pathogen. Nevertheless, this organism is of particular significance because it may be resistant to many antibiotics that are typically effective against anaerobes. We present what is to the best of our knowledge the first reported case of B. fragilis endophthalmitis. The endophthalmitis presented in a 95-year-old man following extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.
Aged↗
Increased levels of platelet-activating factor (1-O-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine) in blood after reversal of renal clip hypertension in the rat.
1. This study analyses whole blood in acutely unclipped one-kidney, one-clip (1K, 1C) hypertensive rats for the presence of platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent vasodilator and a putative mediator of the rapid blood pressure (BP) fall seen after unclipping. 2. Hypertensive 1K, 1C rats were anaesthetized and a carotid and jugular cannula were inserted for BP measurement and anaesthetic infusion respectively. After a stable level of anaesthesia was attained, the constrictive clip was removed and BP was recorded for 30 min. 3. Blood was drawn from the aorta directly into ice-cold acetone. The extract was analysed for PAF by a bioassay using 5-hydroxy-[14C]tryptamine-labelled platelets. 4. Rats which showed a BP fall had elevated levels of PAF [55 +/- 6 (SEM) pg/ml] (P less than 0.01). 5. This supports the hypothesis that activation of PAF biosynthesis may be a mechanism contributing to the fall in BP seen after unclipping the 1K, 1C hypertensive rat.
Animals↗