Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Conti

Publications and source records attributed to L Conti.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Mutagenicity of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in Salmonella typhimurium, Streptomyces coelicolor and Aspergillus nidulans.

Eight structurally related halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons mono-, di- and trichloroacetaldehyde (the last in the anhydrous and hydrate form), moni-, di- and trichloroethanol and allyl chloride, were tested for their ability to induce gene mutations in prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. The genetic systems employed were the Salmonella reversion test with strain TA1535 and TA100, with and without metabolic activation, a forward and a back-mutation system in S. coelicolor and two forward mutation systems in A. nidulans. Each compound was tested with the spot and plate incorporation assay techniques. Mono-, di- and trichloroacetaldehyde were mutagenic in all the microorganisms employed; all the halogenated ethanols were positive in A. nidulans, while in S. typhimurium and in S. coelicolor the only active forms were respectively the mono- and dichloroderivatives. Allyl chloride was active in S. typhimurium and S. coelicolor and negative in A. nidulans. The technical approach as well as the complex influence of different factors (toxicity, volatility and stability) on the genetic response of each of the compounds under test did not allow to obtain more than a qualitative relationship between mutagenic potency and chemical structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Mutational studies with diquat and paraquat in vitro.

Diquat and paraquat were assayed in the following tests. (1) Ames test in Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100) with and without rat-liver microsomal fractions. (2) Resistance to 8-azaguanine in Salmonella typhimurium (strain hisG46, TA92 and TA1535. (3) Repair test in Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA1538 and TA1978). (4) Gene mutations in Aspergillus nidulans: 8-AG resistance and methionine suppression (meth A1 locus). (5) Lethal recessive damage in Aspergillus nidulans. (6) Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in human epithelial-like cells (EUE). Diquat and paraquat were positive in S. typhimurium (in the repair test and the 8-AG resistance system), in A. nidulans (for gene mutations and lethal recessive damage induction) and in EUE cells (UDS induction).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A controlled comparative trial of mianserin and diazepam in the treatment of anxiety states in psychiatric out-patients.

Forty psychiatric out-patients with primary anxiety entered a double-blind trial comparing 2 weeks of treatment with mianserin 30--60 mg daily or diazepam 15--30 mg daily, followed by 2 weeks of single-blind placebo administration. Both drugs were effective anti-anxiety agents, but mianserin was significantly superior in efficacy as measured by the Physician's Global Rating of Severity of Illness. No differences between treatments were apparent using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety. There was no significant differences in terms of side-effects and both drugs increased anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision and constipation over baseline values. With one exception in the mianserin group, all patients who entered placebo treatment became worse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A quick method for testing recessive lethal damage with a diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans.

A simple method capable of detecting recessive lethal damage in a diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans is described. The method scores the recessive lethals on the 1st, the 3rd and the 5th chromosomes, which represent about 40% of the total map of A. nidulans. Two examples of induced lethals, with ultraviolet irradiation and methyl methanesulfonate are shown. The frequency of lethals may reach 36% of the total population with UV irradiation.

Aspergillus nidulans↗
PubMed1978

Computer-aided classification and assessment of patients in multicenter trials.

The automated diagnostic procedure appears to be particularly suitable for clinical psychopharmacological trials since it provides a diagnostic definition and a psychopathological profile of patients assessed by various investigators of different centers where a different kind of psychopathology as well as different cultural, clinical and psychopharmacological backgrounds may be present. Furthermore, this procedure offers the possibility of reexamining and analyzing the characteristics of the experimental sample as related to the responses to the drugs. It also provides a new approach for solving some of the problems which play an important role in determining divergent results in clinical psychopharmacology such as that of patients selection and diagnostic definition. In the present study the automated diagnostic procedure derived by the scores of each item of I.M.P.S. and by factor scores are evaluated comparatively. The data reported show that the automated diagnosis should be based on the scores of single aspects of the symptomatology rather than on the basis of the factor scores.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1976

An automated diagnostic process (PDA) in clinical psychopharmacology. An exemplification of its use in a sulpiride versus haloperidol comparative trial.

One of the main unsolved problems, and one which produces divergent results in clinical psychopharmacology, is that concerning the selection of patients and their diagnostic definition. An automated diagnostic procedure (PDA) was set up in order to classify each patient into one nosographic category on the basis of a cross-sectional examination of his mental state. Such diagnostic procedure appears particularly suitable for multicenter drug trials, since it gives a profile and a diagnostic definition of patients, assessed by investigators from different areas and with different cultural, and clinical backgrounds. In a multicenter trial (sulpiride versus haloperidol) PDA offered a chance to re-examine and analyze the characteristics of each patient and therefore to control the criteria followed for the sample selection in the various experimental settings. The agreement between clinician and computer diagnosis was 78.9%; this agreement rises to 85.5% if the computerlabelled schizo-affective syndromes are considered within the schizophrenic group. Moreover, and attempt has been made to relate psychopathological patterns to drug responses.

Adult↗