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Biomedical subjects

L Clark

Publications and source records attributed to L Clark.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ideational and semantic contributions to narrative production in adults with dementia of the Alzheimer's type .

The narrative production of adults with probable dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT) was investigated to determine the extent to which cognitive or linguistic deficits might explain the breakdown of discourse production. The structure of narrative tasks was manipulated so that the relationships among task structure and language production corresponded to predictions about the suspected origin of deficit. Sixteen DAT and 16 normal control subjects were administered four narrative tasks that were controlled for the amount of content and picture format display. The DAT subjects exhibited reduced content in terms of propositions and lexical items, shorter sentence lengths with more sentence fragments and reference errors. The mode of picture display failed to influence the amount of target content, or the grammatical performance of subjects. However, when compared to the normal controls, the amount of information pictorially represented significantly influenced the content provided by the DAT subjects; they performed better when the message to be related contained relatively less information. These findings support the contributions of both semantic-lexical and ideational systems to narrative discourse to narrative discourse production.

Aged↗
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Regional flow during experimental hemorrhage and crystalloid resuscitation: persistence of low flow to the splanchnic organs.

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND AND METHODS. Rapid changes in cardiac output (CO) and organ perfusion occur with hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation. To assess regional alterations of flow, 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to hemorrhagic shock and crystalloid resuscitation under halothane anesthesia. Polyethylene microspheres were injected before and after hemorrhage and after resuscitation. At sacrifice, brain, lungs, heart, liver, intestine, spleen and kidneys were harvested, weighed and radioactivity counted. Changes in mean arterial pressure, oxygen consumption, organ flow and CO were also measured. RESULTS: Cardiac output decreased during hemorrhage (P less than 0.01), it increased with resuscitation but did not return to baseline even with infusion of fluid volumes of three times the blood loss. Flow decreased during hemorrhage in all organs, but the difference was not statistically significant in the liver (P greater than 0.05), since a larger percentage of CO was maintained as hepatic perfusion. During resuscitation, flow to brain and kidneys increased over the percentage values expected by increased CO (P less than 0.01), but flow to the liver did not increase significantly. Flow to small bowel remained depressed (P less than 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Following hemorrhage there is hypoperfusion of all splanchnic organs; however, flow to the liver decreases least. Crystalloid resuscitation in our model failed to return CO to baseline. Blood supply to intestine remained depressed in disproportion to CO both after hemorrhage and resuscitation and hepatic blood flow remained decreased after resuscitation.

Animals↗
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Maternal responsibility for health in the household.

Maternal responsibility for household health is a fusion of love and labor; affective concern for health coexists with health-related activities. I examined household health production experiences from the perspective of poor women living in the southwestern United States. The responsibilities described by poor Mexican American and Anglo American women for health in their households differed along cultural lines. The Mexican American women emphasized they were responsible for cures and for caregiving beyond the nuclear household. In comparison, Anglo American women stated they were responsible for prevention and minimized their health responsibilities outside their household. Negotiation of maternal health responsibility among household members generated conflict and divisiveness. Poor and minority women's experiences expand the traditional concept of self-care.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic resistance: a growing and multifaceted problem.

Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem worldwide that is exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Patients, pharmaceutical marketing, and the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry are important factors to consider in the emergence of resistance. Infection control measures to prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are compromised by poor compliance to basic measures such as handwashing and standards of environmental cleanliness. Wider epidemiological factors such as global travel and complacency towards public health must also be considered. This article aims to improve understanding of antibiotic resistance and suggests ways in which nurses can contribute towards the strategy to address the problem.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗