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Biomedical subjects

L Ciesielski

Publications and source records attributed to L Ciesielski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Alterations in synaptosomal neurotransmitter amino acids in "petit-mal" rats at a daytime and a nighttime.

The synaptosomal fractions of 6 brain areas-olfactory tubercles (OT), frontal cortex (FC), striatum (Sr), amygdala (A), thalamus (Th), hypothalamus (Hy) - have been analyzed for their neurotransmitter amino acids (AA) content in Wistar rats exhibiting "petit-mal" epilepsy (PM-E) and in controls (C). The analysis was carried out at 11 p.m. (nighttime corresponding to the acrophase for the hourly number of spike-wave complexes) and at 11 a.m. (daytime). A day versus night rhythmicity is recorded for synaptosomal inhibitory AA in control and in PM-E rats. However, day versus night variations are more frequent and more prominent in C rats than in PM-E rats. Two day versus night variations exist only in PM-E rats: increases of GABA level in Sr and of Asp in Hy. Differences between PME-and C in synaptosomal AA content are more likely to be present during the nighttime. During this period lower AA values for PM-E rats are found for one or several inhibitory AA in OT, Th, and FC. It seems that the differences between PM-E and C concerning the inhibitory AA correlate with the number of spike-wave discharges. Only in one brain area is there a similar difference for PM-E and C during daytime and nighttime: a decreased GABA content for PM-E rats in OT. The decrease is larger in nighttime than in daytime. This difference may serve as a marker for this epileptic disorder. Moreover, it is in OT that the greatest number of PM-E versus C differences in synaptosomal neurotransmitter AA are observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Long lasting effect of a single audiogenic seizure on GABA turnover rates and steady-state levels.

GABA turnover rates (TOR) and steady-state levels (SSL) were determined, 16-18 h after a single acoustic stimulation, in 15 brain areas of 3 mouse sublines. Each subline differs in its response to an acoustic stimulation (Rb1 mice are clonic-tonic seizure-prone, Rb2: clonic seizure-prone, Rb3: seizure-resistant). TOR and SSL were compared to those of unstimulated control mice and to those of repeatedly stimulated mice of the same subline. Following a single acoustic stimulation long-lasting alterations of GABA metabolism, mainly large alterations of GABA TOR, are observed. Most of the effects elicited after repeated stimulations, either on SSL or TOR, are not those of the last stimulation and repeated seizures (and/or stimulations) strengthen the effect of a single one. It appears that, for each of the Rb sublines, a specific and quite simple profile of the alterations of GABA metabolism in response to a single or repeated audiogenic seizures (and/or stimulations) can be given. The global analysis through the correlation of GABA TOR and SSL gives an indication that the alterations of the parameters of the correlation observed are to be allocated to the audiogenic seizures. Furthermore the tonic and clonic components of the audiogenic seizures can be distinguished.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1988

Studies on benzodiazepine receptor subtypes in a model of chronic spontaneous petit mal-like seizures.

Among the large variety of epilepsy models, differences in binding parameters on benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors could be demonstrated in some of them. A new model of petit mal-like seizures occurring spontaneously has been described in a strain of Wistar rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the binding parameters on 'central' type and 'peripheral' type BZD receptor sites in epileptic and non-epileptic animals of this strain. Thus, using [3H]flunitrazepam as ligand, no modification was observed for 'central' type BZD sites in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus. Nevertheless, using [3H]Ro 5-4864 as ligand, an important increase (125-150%) in the affinity constant on 'peripheral' type BZD sites was observed in epileptic rats, namely a lower affinity for the ligand on this receptor. Finally, no change occurred in the ratio between 'central' and 'peripheral' BZD receptor site apparent numbers.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Alterations of serotonin neurotransmission and inhibition of mouse killing behavior: II. Effects of selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors of type A.

Three groups of rats were tested for mouse killing behavior after IP injection of selective and reversible type A monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The rats were either spontaneous killers, or non-killers which acquired killing behavior following para-chlorophenylalanine treatment or electrolytical destruction of dorsal and median raphe nuclei. Moclobemide (para-chloro-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-benzamide), cimoxatone (3-(4-(3-cyanophenyl-methoxy)phenyl)-5-(methoxy-methyl)-2-oxazo lid inone, MD 780515), toloxatone (5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-2-oxazolidinone) and amiflamine ((+)-4-dimethylamino-2, alpha-dimethylphenethyl amine, FLA 336 (+)) were used as selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors of type A. Cimoxatone, toloxatone and amiflamine inhibited mouse killing behavior of spontaneous killer rats without apparent sedation, whereas moclobemide was not efficient at doses which did not decrease locomotor activity. A similar inhibition of mouse killing behavior was obtained in spontaneous and serotonin depleted killer rats. The results are discussed in relation to the behavioral expression of serotoninergic supersensitivity in the three groups of killer rats described earlier using serotonin agonist and uptake inhibitors.

Aggression↗
PubMed1988

Effect of pre- and postnatal alcohol consumption on GABA levels of various brain regions in the rat offspring.

The effect of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and lactation on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in different rat brain regions of 3-week-old pups was investigated. There was a significant decrease in the thalamus, pons, cerebellum and hippocampus, no change in posterior colliculus, occipital cortex, temporal cortex, hypothalamus, septum or striatum and a significant increase in frontal cortex, olfactory bulbs, anterior colliculus and amygdala. These modifications could be a consequence of alterations in membrane permeability and may be related to the behavioural disorders associated with the fetal-alcohol syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition of mouse killing behavior by serotonin-mimetic drugs: effects of partial alterations of serotonin neurotransmission.

Rats which do not kill mice and which acquire mouse killing behavior after partial lesion of the serotonin neurotransmission, either by p-chlorophenylalanine treatment or by electrolytical lesions of dorsal and median raphe nucleus, were treated by IP injection of serotonin-mimetics. The following drugs were used: 5-methoxy-N-N-dimethyl-tryptamine and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin hydrobromide, serotonin-agonists, fluoxetine and citalopram, inhibitors of serotonin uptake. All these serotonin-mimetics inhibit mouse killing behavior without apparent secondary effects. When these compounds were tested on killer rats, a stronger antimuricidal effect was observed in rats having altered serotonin neurotransmission. These results support a role for the serotoninergic supersensitivity in a model of aggressive behavior.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMed1987

Age-dependent changes of brain GABA levels, turnover rates and shock-induced aggressive behavior in inbred strains of mice.

Shock-induced aggressive behavior (SIAB) is absent or very weak in C57BL/6 (C57) mice at the age of 12 weeks while it reaches high levels at the age of 20 weeks. This age-dependent increase of aggressive responses is absent in DBA/2 (DBA) mice. Aggressive C57 mice (20 week old) are characterized by lower GABA levels in amygdala, striatum and substantia nigra than both non-aggressive C57 (12 week old) and DBA mice (12-20 week old). Concerning turnover rate, C57 mice at the age of 20 weeks show lower turnover rate values in cerebellum and raphe and higher values in septum in comparison with 12 week old mice of the same strain. These results are discussed in terms of the role of GABA function in brain areas which are involved in the control of emotionality and aggressive behavior.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Effect of repeated convulsive seizures on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism in three sublines of mice differing by their response to acoustic stimulations.

The turnover rates and steady-state levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been determined in 15 brain areas of three sublines of inbred mice differing in their susceptibility to audiogenic seizures: Rb3, which is seizure resistant; Rb2, which develops clonic seizures; and Rb1, which develops tonic-clonic seizures. In the Rb1 subline, GABA steady-state levels are lower than in the Rb3 subline in three of the 15 areas examined (cerebellum, anterior colliculus, and amygdala), whereas in the Rb2 subline, steady-state levels are either higher (posterior colliculus and hippocampus) or lower (amygdala) than in the Rb3 subline. GABA turnover rates differ in three brain areas in Rb1 (amygdala, raphe, and hypothalamus) and in a single area (amygdala) in Rb2 when compared with Rb3. Only one area has similar variations of GABA turnover rate and steady-state levels in the two susceptible sublines: the amygdala. After 2 weeks of repeated auditory stimulations (two times a day, 8,000 Hz, 100 dB), additional alterations in GABA metabolism are observed: mainly large increases in GABA turnover rates (from 40% to three- to fourfold). The Rb2 subline displays a greater number of alterations (increases of turnover rates in pons, cerebellum, anterior and posterior colliculus, amygdala, olfactory bulbs and tubercles, striatum, and frontal cortex) than the Rb1 subline (increases of turnover rates in cerebellum, posterior colliculus, olfactory tubercles, raphe, and frontal cortex and a decrease in hypothalamus). In the Rb3 subline, increases of the turnover rate in amygdala and olfactory tubercles and decreases in olfactory bulbs and hippocampus are observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1986

Effects of the potentiation of the GABAergic neurotransmission in the olfactory bulbs on mouse-killing behavior.

Intra olfactory bulb administration of three classes of GABA-mimetics (GABAa agonists, inhibitors of reuptake, inhibitors of GABA degradation) clearly inhibit mouse-killing behavior, without sedation. A linear correlation is observed between GABA levels increase in the olfactory bulbs and muricidal inhibition following local injection of valproic acid and gamma-vinyl GABA, two GABA-T inhibitors; the differences observed between these two compounds may be due to the differences in their mechanism of action on GABA-T activity and to the different pool of GABA on which they act. No diffusion to extra bulbar sites were observed after local administration of gamma-vinyl GABA. This evidence suggests an inhibitory role of GABA from olfactory bulbs in the modulation of mouse-killing behavior.

Aggression↗
PubMed1986

Brain gamma-aminobutyric acid turnover rates after spontaneous chronic ethanol intake and withdrawal in discrete brain areas of C57 mice.

The effect of 4 weeks of spontaneous chronic ethanol intake in drinking water and then ethanol withdrawal on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) steady-state levels and turnover rates was investigated in 15 brain areas of C57 Bl/6J alcohol-preferring mice. These mice did not display typical ethanol withdrawal convulsions. There was no statistically significant difference in the brain GABA steady-state levels among the control group, chronic ethanol-treated mice, and mice after ethanol withdrawal. In contrast, chronic ethanol treatment induced significant variations in GABA turnover rate, as measured by gabaculine-induced accumulation of GABA, in eight of 15 areas examined versus a decrease in seven brain areas [cerebellum (-29%), amygdala (-28%), olfactory tubercles (-24%), septum (-24%), striatum (-53%), frontal cortex (-21%), and hippocampus (-24%)]; an increase in turnover rate in the posterior colliculus (100%) was observed. At 26 h after ethanol withdrawal, in the seven areas in which GABA turnover rate decreased after spontaneous chronic ethanol intake, a return to the initial control value was observed; in the posterior colliculus, the turnover rate did not change, remaining higher than the control value. This persisting alteration of GABA turnover rate may be related to the absence of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in the C57 mouse strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Correlation between the steady state and turnover of gamma-aminobutyric acid during brain maturation in mice].

In 2 inbred strains of mice (C57Bl/6J, DBA/2J) in 15 areas, the in vivo GABA turnover rates are significantly correlated with the GABA steady-state levels in 21 day-old mice. In 3 month-old mice the correlation stands only in some areas, the same ones in the 2 strains: olfactory bulbs, frontal cortex, septum, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum. Moreover, the turnover rates decrease sharply with age.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

[Preliminary results of studies on the incidence, causes and effects of occupational accidents in the Bełchatów Industrial Region. III. Health effects of occupational accidents].

Health effects of accidents at work at the Bełchatów Industrial District have been investigated. Most injuries due to accidents have been bruises, wounds and bone fractures of upper and lower limbs. Much less frequent, as compared to other industrial plants, are injuries of head, chest and abdomen. The causes of those injuries have been discussed. In addition, the activities of occupational health services have been analysed.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

[Preliminary results of studies of the incidence, causes and effects of occupational accidents in the Bełchatow Industrial District. I. Direct causes of occupational accidents].

The work has been aimed at an analysis of accidents at work occurring throughout 1981-1982 at the Bełchatów Industrial District. The most common causes of accidents at work have been direct factors resulting mainly from workers' inadvertence or recklessness, improper performance of occupational tasks, lack of appropriate tools, and settlement of private affairs at work. The incidence of accidents at work might be reduced by compliance with safety-and-hygiene-of-work rules, better supervision, work organization and efficient working tools.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

[Preliminary results of studies on the incidence, causes and effects of accidents at work in the Bełchatów Industrial District. II. Indirect causes of accidents at work].

The work is a continuation of studies of accidents at work at the Belchatów Industrial District. Analysed have been indirect factors causing accidents at work. Those factors were found to cause accidents much more often than the direct ones. They are particularly significant for young workers. The season, month, day of month, consecutive working hour and climate did not significantly affect the frequency of accidents.

Accidents, Occupational↗