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Biomedical subjects

L Chertok

Publications and source records attributed to L Chertok.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Dynamics of hypnotic analgesia: some new data.

Following two surgical operations under hypnotic anesthesia, it was possible, during subsequent recall under hypnosis, to elicit a representation of the past operative experience. It would seem that under hypnosis there is a persistence of the preception of nociceptive information and of its recognition as such by the subject. From an analysis of these two experiments in recall, it is possible to formulate several hypotheses concerning the psychological processes involved in hypnotic analgesia. In consequence of an affective relationship, in which the hypnotist's word assumes a special importance for the subject, the latter has recourse to two kinds of mechanism: a) internal (assimilation to an analogous sensation, not, however, registered as dangerous-rationalization); and b) external (total compliance with the interpretations proposed by the hypnotist), which lead to a qualitative transformation of nocieceptive information, as also the inhibition of the behavioral manifestations normally associated with a painful stimulus.

Awareness↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental psychosomatic medicine. Blisters].

Following a survey of the literature on the production of blisters by hypnotic suggestion, the author presents his own case. He discusses the physio-pathology of this phenomenon in the light of present day physiological theories, and contests generally admitted opposition in psychosomatic theory between conversion as concerns the voluntary system and striated muscles, and somatisation, involving non-striated muscles and the autonomus system.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1976

[Hysteria, hypnosis and psychopathology. Unknowns and perspectives].

The author, drawing on his wide experience, discusses a number of theoretical questions associated with the subject of practical work. He presents several concepts in connection with the description of a particular case and also discusses various historically important points of view made known through publication in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Hysteria, hypnosis, psychopathology. History and perspectives.

A historical outline is given of the search for an explanation of the still elusive nature of hysteria and hypnosis, their mutual relationship, and that which they bear to psychopathology. Charcot regarded hypnosis as an artificially induced hysterical neurosis, and it was he who first introduced Freud to these two states. Freud was the first to see in hypnosis an experimental instrument for understanding psychopathological mechanisms. His subsequent conceptualization of psychoanalysis derived from these two phenomena at this decisive period. In 1895 Freud attempted to achieve a psychophysiological synthesis of the mental apparatus in his "Project for a Scientific Psychology," but then decided not to publish it. Whether or not recent advance in neurophysiology are sufficiently important bo bring about this synthesis remains an open question. In recent years some psychoanalysts have become interested in hypnosis, which one of them described as a focus for psychophysiological and psychoanalytic investigations. Any theory of the psychical apparatus which does not account for such an obvious psychical phenomenon must necessarily be incomplete. Since Charcot, hysteria presents hardly any new openings for experimental work. It is suggested that the solution of psyche-soma interaction might be sought in the study of hypnosis. It is postulated that hypnosis is a "fourth organismic state," not as yet objectifiable (in contradistinction to the waking state, sleep, and dreaming): a kind of natural or inborn mechanism which acts as one of the regulators of man's relationships with the environment. The author discusses briefly the aims and methodology of future interdisciplinary research on hypnosis, and the study of the transition from one state of consciousness to another, and their potential application to a wide range of subjects, namely, wherever man's relations with the environment are involved.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urethral Syndrome in the female ("irritable bladder"): the expression of fantasies about the urogenital area.

The urethral syndrome is a frequently encountered psychosomatic disorder; it constitutes the main complaint of some 20% of all women who consult a urologist. After a brief survey of the history of this syndrome, the authors examine 55 case reports of women with the urethral syndrome. The authors particularly emphasize the significance of the manner in which patients describe their perceptions of the pain, which is a valuable diagnostic sign. A follow-up study of patients for 3 to 21 years after the first interview demonstrated the releative efficiency of the various forms of treatment. A discussion of the therapeutic possibilities and their limitations follows.

Adult↗