Cutaneous eyebrow metastasis in a patient with primary gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Biomedical subjects
L Cerroni
Publications and source records attributed to L Cerroni.
Acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma. A variant of the cutaneous pseudolymphomas.
APACHE (acral pseudolymphomatous angiokeratoma of children) is a recently described benign cutaneous condition. Only a few cases have been documented to date. The disease has been previously reported in children between 2 and 13 years of age as unilateral eruptions of multiple angiomatous papules on acral sites of the hands and feet. We herein report two cases of APACHE, one occurring in a 16-year-old boy and the other in a 64-year-old woman. Unlike the previously reported cases, our female patient presented in adulthood with a single lesion on the back. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical investigations reveal characteristic features, allowing APACHE to be included among the group of cutaneous pseudolymphomas.
Adolescent↗
The use of monoclonal antibodies on paraffin sections in the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.
Immunohistochemistry provides a new powerful tool for the diagnosis and classification of cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates. The use of a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies on routinely-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections allows the correct classification of most cutaneous T-cell and B-cell lymphomas and of specific cutaneous manifestations of Hodgkin's disease and of "true" histiocytic lymphoma.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Physiological relevance of the overall delta H of oxygen binding to fetal human hemoglobin.
Human fetal hemoglobin is known to display, at 20 degrees C, a lower affinity than human adult hemoglobin for oxygen when both proteins are in the absence of organic phosphates. The physiologically important reverse situation is achieved at 37 degrees C upon addition of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (DPG), whose lower effect on fetal hemoglobin is related to some amino acid substitutions present in gamma-chains. However, the difference in oxygen affinity observed at 37 degrees C is not solely due to the different modulation power of DPG with respect to adult and fetal hemoglobins. In fact, the results presented here reveal new aspects linked to the interplay of temperature and organic phosphates. In particular, the lower effect of DPG on fetal hemoglobin renders almost identical the oxygen affinity of the two hemoglobins at 20 degrees C, abolishing the difference observed in the absence of the effector. Successively on going from 20 degrees C to 37 degrees C, by virtue of the lower overall heat of oxygenation (delta H) displayed by fetal hemoglobin when in the presence of DPG, adult hemoglobin shows a lower oxygen affinity, as it should if oxygen has to be transferred from maternal to fetal blood.
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
Molecular detection of clone-specific DNA in hypopigmented lesions of a patient with early evolving mycosis fungoides.
A specific molecular probe for the malignant lymphoid clone of lesions of a patient with mycosis fungoides was developed. As a clone-specific marker the junctional region of rearranged T-cell-receptor-gamma (TCR-gamma) genes was used. An oligonucleotide primer complementary to these sequences was designed. Using this primer and polymerase chain-reaction technology, early hypopigmented lesions of the patient, which were previously unclassifiable by conventional microscopy, were analysed. The study demonstrates, on the molecular level, that these hypopigmented lesions contain tumour clone-specific DNA and may represent early manifestations of mycosis fungoides.
Adult↗
Comparison of proliferative activity as assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies in melanocytic skin lesions. A quantitative immunohistochemical study.
Immunostaining with the monoclonal antibodies PCNA and Ki-67 provides a simple method for the assessment of growth fractions of tumors. Contrary to Ki-67, PCNA antibody can be applied on aldehyde- or alcohol-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues, thus allowing studies on archival material. For 77 melanocytic skin lesions, we compared PCNA immunostaining on formalin-fixed tissue with Ki-67 immunostaining on frozen material of the same lesion. 16 benign melanocytic nevi (BMN, from 16 patients), 43 primary malignant melanomas (PMM, 42 patients), and 18 skin metastases of malignant melanoma (MMM, 12 patients) were included in the study. Maximum nuclear density (NDmax) of PCNA- and Ki-67-positive nuclei was assessed using interactive image analysis. NDmax values for both PCNA and Ki-67 differed significantly between the three diagnostic groups (Kruskal-Wallis H-test: p << 0.001). Mean values (given as 1000 nuclei/mm3 tissue) increased considerably from benign to malignant lesions (PCNA: BMN: 23.8 +/- 28.4 [mean +/- standard deviation], PMM: 48.1 +/- 41.0, MMM: 117.0 +/- 64.6; Ki-67: BMN: 6.4 +/- 3.3, PMM 25.0 +/- 31.1, MMM: 95.2 +/- 47.2). Correlation between NDmax values of PCNA- and Ki-67-positive nuclei was significant (Linear regression analysis: r = 0.51, p << 0.001). Furthermore, for PMM a significant correlation between histologic parameters related to prognosis (Breslow index and mitotic rate) and PCNA as well as Ki-67 expression was found (PCNA-Breslow index: r = 0.42, p < 0.01; Ki-67-Breslow index: r = 0.60, p << 0.001; PCNA-mitotic rate: r = 0.40, p < 0.01; Ki-67-mitotic rate: r = 0.50, p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Verrucous cysts: histopathologic characterization and molecular detection of human papillomavirus-specific DNA.
Verrucous cyst is an uncommon newly described benign epithelial cyst which may be associated with human papillomavirus infection. The purpose of this project was to study the clinicopathological features of verrucous cysts and to demonstrate human papillomavirus (HPV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in these lesions. We have analyzed 5 examples of verrucous cysts: the age range of the patients was between 37-82 years and the most common locations were face and extremities. Clinically the lesions were interpreted as cyst (2), dermatofibroma (2) and basal-cell carcinoma (1). Histopathologic examination of the biopsy specimens showed in all cases an intradermal infundibular cyst lined by a papillated and/or digitated epithelium with focal prominent hypergranulosis and irregular keratohyalin granules. Furthermore, numerous whorls of keratinocytes (so-called squamous eddies) were present within the squamous areas of the hyperplastic epithelium of the cyst, morphologically reminiscent of inverted follicular keratosis. Architectural and cytological features of malignancy were not present. Sections of paraffin-embedded tissue of the 5 verrucous cysts and of 5 "conventional" follicular cysts, infundibular type, were investigated for the presence of HPV DNA sequences by PCR using consensus primers. In all 5 cases of verrucous cysts, HPV-specific DNA sequences were detected, whereas all follicular cysts, infundibular type, were negative. These results support the concept that verrucous cysts can be added to the large spectrum of HPV-induced cutaneous neoplasms. Further studies are needed to identify the specified HPV-type in these distinctive benign cystic proliferations.
Adult↗
[Notalgia paresthetica, "posterior pigmented pruritic patch" and macular amyloidosis. Three stages of a disease].
We report on nine cases of notalgia paresthetica, a cutaneous condition that has rarely been described in the dermatological literature and is characterized by localized pruritus, burning and hyperesthesia and/or paresthesia on the back. Histological and immunohistochemical studies have not clarified the pathogenesis of this disease. Several factors might be involved in various cases, including increased cutaneous innervation and neuropathy. The so-called posterior pigmented pruritic patch and macular amyloidosis may be considered as progressive evolutional stages of notalgia paresthetica.
Adult↗
[Monolateral pseudotumor mammographic appearance of fibrous dysplasia. Report of 3 cases].
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Aged↗
Reduced sensitivity of O2 transport to allosteric effectors and temperature in loggerhead sea turtle hemoglobin: functional and spectroscopic study.
The functional and spectroscopic (EPR and absorbance) properties of the adult loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) hemoglobin have been studied with special reference to the action of allosteric effectors and temperature. Present results indicate that turtle Hb displays a very low O2 affinity and a very small sensitivity to allosteric effectors and temperature. Furthermore, the amplitude of the Bohr effect for O2 binding is strongly reduced. In parallel, EPR and absorbance spectroscopic properties of the nitrosylated derivative of turtle Hb suggest that the hemoprotein is in a low-affinity conformation, even in the absence of allosteric effectors. These findings suggest the existence of unusual molecular mechanisms modulating the basic reaction of Hb with O2, which may be linked to specific physiological needs related to the diving behavior of the turtle.
Allosteric Regulation↗
Protein engineering in haemoglobin.
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Adult↗
Clinicopathologic and immunologic features associated with transformation of mycosis fungoides to large-cell lymphoma.
Mycosis fungoides (MF) can progress to a large-cell malignant lymphoma (LCL). This transformation is associated with a more aggressive biologic behavior and course. We reviewed cutaneous tumors of 36 MF patients and divided them into two groups, one showing histologic evidence of transformation into LCL, another characterized by infiltrates of small- to medium-sized cerebriform cells (nontransformed cases). Biopsies of patches or plaques from early MF stages were available from 34 patients. Twenty of the 36 cases (55.6%) showed transformation to a large-cell variant: nine tumor-stage (T) medium-sized and large-cell pleomorphic, five T immunoblastic, two T large-cell anaplastic, and four unclassified T LCL. Sixteen cases represented nontransformed tumor stage MF. In 23 cases, including both nontransformed (n = 6) and LCL (n = 17) groups, immunohistochemical investigations revealed aberrant patterns of antigen expression (partial loss of one or more T cell-associated antigens) and the presence of activation- and proliferation-associated antigens. Clusters of B-lymphocytes formed a distinctive component of the infiltrate in two nontransformed and nine LCL biopsies. Although survival rates after tumor onset did not significantly differ between the two groups (5-year survival rate 23% for nontransformed patients, 11.1% for LCL patients, p greater than 0.05), overall survival from first biopsy diagnostic of MF showed a statistically significant difference between patients with nontransformed tumor stage MF compared with LCL patients (10-year survival rate 46.6% and 11.2%, respectively, p less than 0.02). The recognition of transformation to LCL in MF should provide a better assessment of future therapeutic approaches.
Adult↗
Mycosis fungoides mimicking perioral dermatitis.
A 71-year-old woman under PUVA-treatment for mycosis fungoides developed erythematous patches around the nasolabial folds and papules on the chin with clinical features of perioral dermatitis. Histology showed a specific infiltrate of mycosis fungoides with predominance of medium to large-sized pleomorphic lymphocytes and immunoblasts. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the T-phenotype of the neoplastic cells. Small clusters of B-lymphocytes could also be observed within the infiltrate. Perioral dermatitis-like lesions can be added to the spectrum of rare and unusual clinical manifestations of mycosis fungoides.
Aged↗
Analysis of the 14;18 translocation in cutaneous lymphomas using the polymerase chain reaction.
A series of 25 cutaneous B-cell lymphoid proliferations was analyzed for the presence of the (14; 18) translocation using the polymerase chain reaction. Junctional sequences of rearranged chromosomes 14 and 18 were amplified in vitro, and t (14; 18) specific sequences were detected in 1 of 14 primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, in 3 of 8 primary nodal B-cell lymphomas and in none of 3 B-cell pseudolymphomas. These results indicate that the t (14; 18) may occur in a small subset of primary cutaneous lymphoma. However, the difference in incidence of the t (14; 18) between primary nodal and primary cutaneous lymphomas suggests that different molecular mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of these lymphomas.
Base Sequence↗
Simultaneous separation of malondialdehyde, ascorbic acid, and adenine nucleotide derivatives from biological samples by ion-pairing high-performance liquid chromatography.
A method for a simultaneous separation of malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid and adenine nucleotide derivatives in biological samples by ion-pairing high-performance liquid chromatography is presented. The separation is obtained by an LC-18-T 15 cm x 4.6 mm 3 microns particle size column using tetrabutylammonium as the pairing ion. The starting buffer consists of 10 mM tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 10 mM KH2PO4 plus 1% methanol, pH 7.00. A step gradient is formed using a second buffer consisting of 2.8 mM tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 100 mM KH2PO4 plus 30% methanol, pH 5.5. Under these chromatographic conditions a highly resolved separation of MDA, ATP, ADP, AMP, adenosine, ascorbic acid, GTP, GDP, IMP, inosine, Hypoxanthine, Xanthine, uric acid, NAD, and NADP can be performed in about 36 min. In addition, the separation of NADH and NADPH can also be obtained; this renders the present method suitable for the detection of these reduced coenzymes in alkaline extracts from tissue samples. Data referring to PCA extracts from ischemic and reperfused isolated rat hearts and from human erythrocytes peroxidized in vitro by a challenge with 1 mM NaN3 and various concentrations of H2O2 are reported. The relevance of this chromatographic method lies in the possibility to determine directly MDA concentrations avoiding the unspecific thiobarbituric acid colorimetric test, any other manipulation of the sample out of the PCA extraction, and any possible coelution of other acid soluble compounds. The simultaneous determination of MDA, ascorbic acid, and of ATP and its degradation products gives the opportunity to correlate, by a single chromatographic run, peroxidative damages with the energy state of the cell which is of great importance in studies of ischemic and reperfused tissues.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
Selective binding of met-hemoglobin to erythrocytic membrane: a possible involvement in red blood cell aging.
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Erythrocyte Aging↗
Proto-oncogene expression in dermal naevi and melanomas.
Overexpression of proto-oncogenes (c-onc) may be involved in the initiation and progression of human neoplasia. We investigated the mRNA expression of the proto-oncogenes c-myc, c-fos, c-neu (erb B-2) and Ha-ras in 12 cutaneous melanocytic lesions (four dermal naevi, seven melanomas; one cutaneous metastatis of melanoma) and in normal skin (five cases) by Northern blot analysis; mRNA expression levels were quantified by densitometry of the specific bands. The expression of c-myc mRNA was higher in naevi than in melanomas, whereas c-fos mRNA expression was significantly higher in melanomas than in naevi. No significant differences were detected in the c-neu and Ha-ras mRNA levels in naevi and melanomas. The expression of c-neu mRNA was higher in normal skin than in the melanocytic lesions examined. Our results suggest that enhanced c-myc and c-fos expression may play an important role in the growth of melanocytic naevi and melanomas. The overexpression of c-fos may be involved in the progression of a particular subset of melanoma. Activation of Ha-ras and the c-neu gene, as determined by mRNA overexpression, does not seem to play a significant role in the progression of cutaneous pigmented lesions. Expression of c-neu may have an important function in the proliferation and/or differentiation of normal cells of the epidermis.
Genes, fos↗
Preserving effect of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate on high-energy phosphate compounds during anoxia and reperfusion in isolated langendorff-perfused rat hearts.
Isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts after 10 min pre-perfusion, were subjected to a substrate-free anoxic perfusion (20 min) followed by 20 min reperfusion with a glucose-containing oxygen-balanced medium. A similar experimental protocol was repeated in the presence either of 5 mM fructose or of 5 mM fructose-1,6-bisphosphate throughout the different perfusion conditions. High-energy phosphate compounds (adenosine triphosphate, creatine phosphate), adenine nucleotides, nicotinic coenzymes, lactate, pyruvate and glycogen content in the tissue were determined at the end of each perfusion period, while coronary flow, heart rate and lactate and pyruvate output were monitored throughout the whole duration of the experiments. On the whole, the results indicate that exogenous fructose-1,6-bisphosphate preserves high-energy metabolites during anoxia and restores myocardial metabolism and contractility during reperfusion, that a prolonged period of substrate-free anoxic perfusion renders the heart unable to normalize its metabolism during re-oxygenation and that fructose is not utilized by the heart for its energy demand. A possible hypothesis concerning the mechanism of action of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is presented.
Adenine Nucleotides↗