[Enamel etching in conservative dentistry (II)].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Castagnola.
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Types of III and IV dental plasters (ADA specifications No. 25) are used for making working models for clinical and laboratory purposes. 14 plaster products of these two types were examined for their physical properties and compared to the specifications, namely of setting time, volume changes, resistance to pressure and accuracy of detail. Additionally the values of surface hardness, bending strength and resistance to scraping were examined. Accordingly, three products were attributed to special stone (specification No IV): Duricap red (predosed capsule), Glastone, and Vel Mix Stone.
The authors have been using for some time the intraligamentary anaesthesia with the Peripress syringe in their own practices. They consider this syringe as an instrument for efficient and rational working and as an improvement of the local anaesthesia techniques. After specifying the instruments they describe in all detail the injection technique which allows all current work on teeth like extractions, cavity preparation and stumps for crowns, endodontic treatments requiring anaesthesia, all this without loss of waiting time. The intraligamentary anaesthesia does not cause any secondary troubles if carefully applied. It causes very little pain if at all. It allows to start dental work immediately after infiltration and avoids block anaesthesia for current dental work. Patients are favourable to the method. They prefer this type of anaesthesia.
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The enamel etching technique has contributed towards better retention and smaller cavities, and towards less microfissures at the cavity margins. The different etching acids and their concentration are described, and their function illustrated by EM photographs. Phosphoric acid of a concentration between 37 and 50% seems to give the best results. The morphology of the etched surface and the measurements of the degree of adhesion of different composites suggest that the use of bonding agents is not imperative. The practical indications for the etching technique in the dental office are described.
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