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Biomedical subjects

L Campan

Publications and source records attributed to L Campan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Neurostimulation--endorphins. Personal opinion in the guise of an introduction].

Up until 1974 & 1975, Anesthesiologie observed with a certain reserve progress, which was nevertheless spectacular, in the physiological aspects of pain. The fundamental theory of the inhibition of small algophoric fibres by large fibres (NOOR-DENBOS, 1959), the striking theory of spinal control (WALL and MELZACK, 1965) and even the detection of morphine receptors at the same time paradoxically were associated with little enthusiasm here with only a minimum of mention in the journals. Why this lack of enthusiasm? Undoubtedly because new theories remain speculative when viewed from our own standpoint. Since we have been in existence, our methods of general anesthesia have been based upon solid pharmacological concepts but generally paid little attention to physiology which was of relatively little use and even failed to shed any light upon the pharmacology already mentioned. Our attitude was diametrically opposed to that of neurosurgery which by contrast remained within the technical furrow of physiology. The arrival of encephalins forces us to leave behind such attitudes for three reasons: 1--they clearly throw light into the darkness of a whole area of pharmacology; 2--they open up a pharmacological persepective; 3--they raise a number of theoretical and practical questions, which range from their phylogenesis to the hope of one day possessing morphine-like substances without side-effects.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1977

[Age and other factors in the prognosis and operative indications for brain surgery].

Attempt at evaluation of the operative risk depending on seven factors. 1--For benign tumours (Example: meningiomas): 1--greater than 65 years; 2--functional insufficiency, depending on the type of tumour; 3--the volume of the tumour; 4--site of the tumour; 5--foreseeable operative difficulties; 6--the importance of intra-cranial hypertension and the level of pre-operative consciousness; 7--life expectancy, quantitative and qualitative. II--Extrapolation of the previous equation to malignant tumours, chronic sub-dural hematoma, intra-cerebral hematoma and surgery of pain.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Involvement or non-involvement of intracranial pressure with arterial pressure].

In this experiment carried out on dogs, the authors demonstrate with the aid of very expressive illustrations that rapid variations in arterial pressure are accompanied by variations of the intracranial pressure. The latter may be, depending on the case, either in the same direction or inverse, according to the local cerebral vasomotor response accompanying the systemic arterial hypertension.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1976

[The origin and success of neuroleptics].

The authors retrace the origin and the development of the idea of neurolepsy in anesthesiology, first under the influence of Laborit, and in psychiatry, under the influence of Delay and Deniker, during the early 1950's. In these two fields, neuroleptic drugs were considered contrary to ideas and practice at that time and disturbed current ideas.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1976

[Controlled arterial hypotension produced by nitroprusside combined with neuroleptics].

Ganglioplegic drugs, including trimetaphan, have been imperfect agents of arterial hypotension, liable to produce tachyphylaxis, and not blocking intercurrent attacks of adrenergic hypertension the dose is inconstant and reversibility sometimes doubtful. The association of neuroleptics, in particulier promazines, permits an appreciable economy in dosage, stabilises the curves of hypotension, with the disadvantage of blocking normalisation of blood pressure. Sodium nitroprusside does not have the disadvantage of ganglioplegic drugs. Although usable alone, the blood pressure graphs sometimes have a certain instability mainly due to the difficulty of regulating the ideal perfusion flow rate. The authors show that the association of neuroleptic drugs has here also an effect of economy of dosage and facilitates the rise in blood pressure. Verification of reinforcement of the effect of sodium nitroprusside by chlorpromazine, acepromazine and levomepromazine was carried out in the dog. The authors show significant graphs.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Note on the comparative effects of benzodiazepines and chlorpromazine on intracranial pressure in the dog].

The neutrality of the butyrophenones on intracranial pressure has been relatively well shown. That of the phenothiazines and benzodiazepine derivatives has been less well established. The authors studied, by a continuous method, the action of chlorpromazine, acepromazine and three benzodiazepines (diazepam, flunitrazepam and chlorazepam) on intracranial pressure and blood pressure in the dog. These substances seem to be definitely neutral on intracranial pressure, more so in the case of the benzodiazepines than for the promazines, the vasomotor action of which was perceptible when seen closely. The authors produce demonstrative graphs, illustrating the correlation of these two pressures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Vaso-active substances and pulmonary circulation].

This study reveals the main vaso-active substances which pass through the lung, by studying in each case the extra-pulmonary of pulmonary origin, the effects of the lung on these substances: capture, discharge, transformation, and the effects of these substances on the lung. Eight groups of substances are studied: mediators of the sympatho-adrenergic system, substances interfering with adrenergic agents, acetyl-choline, serotonin, angiotensin, histamine, kinins, and prostaglandins. The lung behaves either as a neutral organ, or a filtering organ, or a filtering organ, or a secreting organ for these substances. In this way it strangely resembles the kidney. The pulmonary circulation is not completely comprised of simple reaction. It is capable of internal adjustement and redistribution under the effect of these substances. Pulmonary edema probably will always remain difficult to their mechanism of production, in so far as can be estimated from the multitude of substances. It is still rather a delicate matter to distinguish between edema-generating phenomena and phenomena which are secondary to the edema itself.

Acetylcholine↗