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Biomedical subjects

L C Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to L C Roberts.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of intraoperative low-dose dopamine on renal function in liver transplant recipients.

Patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation frequently receive dopamine infusions to preserve renal function. To test the benefit of such infusions on renal function, 48 nonanuric patients presenting for OLT were entered into a randomized double-blind protocol. After exclusion of 1 patient for intraoperative nephrectomy, 22 patients received dopamine at a rate of 3 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 during surgery and the first postoperative 48 h, and a control group of 25 patients received saline. Venovenous bypass was used in 45 of 47 patients. During the hepatic vascular anastomoses, the donor liver was flushed with cold saline. In 7 patients, the flush contained mannitol (50 g) as part of a surgical protocol to investigate its role as a potential free radical scavenger. Initially, it appeared that there was an increase in urine output during the neohepatic phase in those patients receiving dopamine versus controls (4.20 +/- 3.3 vs 2.10 +/- 1.3 ml.kg-1.h-1, respectively). Upon further statistical analysis, this increase was associated with inclusion of mannitol in the liver flush of 5 patients in the dopamine group. After excluding all patients receiving flush containing mannitol, there was no significant difference in urine output during the neohepatic phase between the dopamine group and controls (2.94 +/- 0.45 and 2.10 +/- 0.28 ml.kg-1.h-1, respectively). The glomerular filtration rates at 1 month after surgery were similar and decreased approximately 40% in each group. Although a beneficial effect of dopamine in all situations cannot be ruled out the authors conclude that routine perioperative use of dopamine is of little value in nonanuric patients presenting for orthotopic liver transplantation.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

Oral isotretinoin therapy for familial Muir-Torre syndrome.

Two representative cases of familial Muir-Torre syndrome are presented. Multiple benign sebaceous neoplasms in both cases and a solitary keratoacanthoma in one were successfully treated with oral isotretinoin. Low-dose maintenance therapy has stabilized the cutaneous manifestations in the two patients, and no new epithelial neoplasms have appeared. This report emphasizes (1) the rationale for the use of isotretinoin in the Muir-Torre syndrome and (2) the potential for a familial pattern of inheritance and a possible association with the cancer family syndrome. It speculates on the prevention of future internal malignancies in Muir-Torre syndrome patients by maintenance oral isotretinoin treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Congenital unilateral punctate porokeratosis.

A 16-year-old girl with congenital unilateral punctate porokeratosis is described. The clinical and histopathologic findings are presented. The various clinical forms of porokeratosis and the differential diagnosis of this type of lesion are discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of congenital unilateral punctate porokeratosis to be reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Acroangiodermatitis of Mali.

We have presented a case of acroangiodermatitis, a rare and sometimes asymptomatic disorder which may signal the presence of an arteriovenous malformation. We have discussed the histologic differentiation from Kaposi's sarcoma.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1984

Dog-ear correction by M-plasty.

Correcting dog-ears as an M-plasty is a relatively easy procedure to learn and perform. Its main advantage is in shortening the length of a wound, and it is a useful tool to be added to the cutaneous surgeon's armamentarium.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1977

Ureteral stone: diagnosis in emergency room patients.

In an attempt to identify the important factors in diagnosis of ureteral stone, a prospective study was done on 100 consecutive emergency room patients in whom the diagnosis of ureteral stone was ultimately established. Distribution of patients by age, sex, and race, and the presenting symptoms, signs, and laboratory and radiographic findings are presented. Ureteral stone was suspected on the basis of history, physical examination, and laboratory findings, but the diagnosis was established by radiographic examination in most instances. Stones located in or near the intramural ureter produced characteristic symptoms, otherwise there was no correlation between the presenting symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings, and the size and location of th 0reteral stone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Sulfacytine: a new sulfonamide. Double-blind comparison with sulfisoxazole in acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

A new sulfonamide, sulfacytine, was compared in a double-blind study with sulfisoxazole for the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in 98 outpatients. Patients received either 4 gm. sulfisoxazole or 1 gm. sulfacytine daily for 10 days. Evaluation was made of the bacteriologic and clinical success within the period of treatment and at some point after treatment. Bacteriologic success, or reduction of urine bacterial count from 100,000 or more micro-organisms per ml. to 1,000 or less, was observed in 95 to 100 per cent of the patients in each group during treatment as well as at the post-treatment evaluation. Clinical success, or the abolition of dysuria and frequency of urination and the reduction of pyuria to less than 10 white blood cells per high power field, was observed in 75 to 85 per cent of the patients. Adverse reactions were rare, involving 1 instance each of headache, nausea and hematuria in the sulfisoxazole group, and drug attributability was only possibly established. Mild laboratory abnormalities occurred in each group, 2 cases each of decreased white blood count and 1 instance of a lowered hemoglobin in a patient in the sulfacytine group. The results of our study seem to indicate that sulfacytine is an effective drug for the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Adult↗