Nanoliter constant-volume pipets: simple construction.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L C Isaacson.
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Urines obtained from normal controls, from patients with calcium-containing renal stones, and from acutely ill patients suffering from various other renal or electrolyte disorders were analysed for Na, K, NH(4), Ca, Mg, inorganic phosphate and sulphate, pH, and osmolality.The stone-formers' urines were found to be characterized by hypercalciuria relative to Na, K, Mg, SO(4), osmolality, and ionic strength. Hypercalciuria relative to osmolality was a more consistent finding than hypercalciuria relative to Na.These findings are in keeping with the supposition that calcium-containing renal stones occur in urine saturated with calcium salts.
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Current models of renal glomerular dynamics require the solution of multiple differential equations, or utilise network thermodynamics, to describe the changing pattern of transcapillary forces and flows along the length of the glomerular capillary. The iterative algebraic algorithm described here simplifies the simulation considerably. Implemented on a microcomputer, the simulation has a run-time of but a few seconds, while yielding results identical to those described previously.