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Biomedical subjects

L Buckland

Publications and source records attributed to L Buckland.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Excessive exposure of sick neonates to sound during transport.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of sound to which infants are exposed during routine transport by ambulance, aircraft, and helicopter. DESIGN: Sound levels during 38 consecutive journeys from a regional level III neonatal intensive care unit were recorded using a calibrated data logging sound meter (Quest 2900). The meter was set to record "A" weighted slow response integrated sound levels, which emulates the response of the human ear, and "C" weighted response sound levels as a measure of total sound level exposure for all frequencies. The information was downloaded to a computer using MS HyperTerminal. The resulting data were stored, and a graphical profile was generated for each journey using SigmaPlot software. SETTING: Eight journeys involved ambulance transport on country roads, 24 involved fixed wing aircraft, and four were by helicopter. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relations between decibel levels and events or changes in transport mode were established by correlating the time logged on the sound meter with the standard transport documentation sheet. RESULTS: The highest sound levels were recorded during air transport. However, mean sound levels for all modes of transport exceeded the recommended levels for neonatal intensive care. The maximum sound levels recorded were extremely high at greater than 80 dB in the "A" weighted hearing range and greater than 120 dB in the total frequency range. CONCLUSIONS: This study raises major concerns about the excessive exposure of the sick newborn to sound during transportation.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1998

Preservation of vasoactive properties of human retinal arteries after cryopreservation.

PURPOSE: Although we have several established in vitro systems for studying the vasoactive properties of the ocular vasculature, the restricted availability of human donor tissue has forced us to rely predominantly on animal studies. METHODS: The present paper describes, for the first time, a controlled-rate cryopreservation technique capable of maintaining vasoactive function in human retinal arteries after extended storage. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The response to constrictive (endothelin-I) and vasodilatory agents (nimodipine and betaxolol) was comparable with that in fresh pig vessels. It is now possible to obtain multiple segments of retinal artery from a single donor eye and to preserve them for detailed pharmacological assessment.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Flash and pattern electroretinogram changes with optic atrophy and glaucoma.

We investigated recent reports that, contrary to common belief, glaucoma can affect flash as well as pattern electroretinograms. An extensive flash and pattern electroretinogram test protocol was used in a large sample of glaucoma patients and age-matched controls who were either visually normal or had other optic nerve diseases. All electroretinogram parameters were reduced and delayed in normal people > 55 years of age. The effect did not increase in later decades. In patients aged < or = 55 years, flash electroretinograms showed mild reductions and delays from optic atrophy alone. Glaucomatous ERG changes were larger and increased with disease severity. Pattern electroretinograms and oscillatory potentials were almost equally reduced in optic atrophy and all degrees of glaucoma. Mildly affected patients > 55 years of age had similar electroretinogram change to age-matched normals in most conditions. Advanced glaucoma patients showed similar differences from normal irrespective of age. This suggests that direct diagnostic application of these results to older patients will be difficult, that the ERG changes in glaucoma cannot be attributed simply to optic atrophy and that additional widespread outer retinal damage occurs in glaucoma.

Age Factors↗