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Biomedical subjects

L Brown

Publications and source records attributed to L Brown.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Positive inotropic responses of the sodium channel modulator BDF 9148 in diseased rat myocardium.

1. This study has defined the positive inotropic responses to the sodium channel modulator BDF 9148 in rats with hypertension, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes or dwarfism. Concentration-response curves to BDF 9148 and calcium chloride were determined in isolated left atria and left ventricular papillary muscles. 2. BDF 9148 increased force of contraction in left ventricular papillary muscles in all disease states with maximal responses comparable to calcium chloride. BDF 9148 potency was significantly decreased in muscles from diabetic rats only. 3. BDF 9148 produced similar responses in left atria except from hyperthyroid rats where negative inotropic responses only were measured. This exception confirms that the left atria is an imperfect model for ventricular responsiveness. 4. Thus, the increase in force of contraction in the ventricles as a consequence of sodium channel modulation by BDF 9148 is maintained in these disease states unlike responses to alpha-or beta-adrenoceptor agonists.

Animals↗
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Aggressive angiomyxoma of the perineum.

We report the case of perineal aggressive angiomyxoma in a 46-year-old woman presenting as left perineal swelling associated with superficial dyspareunia. Initial clinical examination revealed a 4- to 5-cm cystic mass in the posterior aspect of the left labia majora, not thought to be typical of a Bartholin cyst. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed a well-defined 2- x 1.5- x 2-cm area posterolateral to the lower vagina on the left but anterolateral to the anal canal extending into the left ischiorectal fossa, with no obvious involvement of the anal sphincter complex. Excision biopsy was performed via an incision in the left labia majus under general anesthesia. Histologic findings were consistent with aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry showing spindle cells positive for vimentin with strong nuclear staining for estrogen and progestogen receptors. Postoperative management following discussion at the multidisciplinary gynecological oncology meeting was to perform a repeat MRI scan 6 weeks postoperatively, and treatment with raloxifene was commenced for its antiestrogenic property.

Estrogen Antagonists↗
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Mesovarian hemangioma presenting as massive ascites, pelvic mass, and elevated CA125.

We present the case of a 48-year-old woman with pelvic mass, ascites, and an elevated CA125 mimicking advanced-stage ovarian cancer. She underwent laparotomy, drainage of ascites, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and infracolic omentectomy. Histology confirmed this to be mesovarian hemangioma, a benign condition.

Ascites↗
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Endometrial adenocarcinoma following insertion of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (mirena) in a 36-year-old woman.

The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), commonly referred to as mirena, is an effective form of contraception, which is widely used as an intrauterine device. It has a 32-mm long-shaped plastic frame that holds a reservoir (on the vertical stem) of 52 mg of levonorgestrel mixed with polydimethylsiloxane to allow a steady release of 20 mug of levonorgestrel per day within the endometrial cavity through a rate-limiting surface membrane. Apart from contraceptive purpose, it is also now commonly used in the management of heavy menstrual blood loss. This study included a 36-year old woman who developed endometrial cancer following the insertion of the LNG-IUS. Her main presentation was irregular vaginal bleeding, which is a common finding in women using this form of contraception. Although we would advice caution in investigating such women, the LNG-IUS remains a relatively safe method of contraception.

Adult↗
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Breast-milk jaundice.

The syndrome of breast-milk jaundice, which often results in cessation of breastfeeding, maternal anxiety, and guilt, may be increasing. Research to date on pregnanediol, increased lipase, and free fatty acids as the causes of breast milk jaundice is reviewed. Variations in current treatment are presented and nursing measures supportive of parents and continued breastfeeding are provided.

Anxiety↗
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Clinical specialist pre- and postdischarge teaching of parents of very low birth weight infants.

This study examined the pre- and postdischarge teaching needed by parents of very low birth weight infants (less than or equal to 1,500 g). The sample consisted of 36 families observed from the births of their infants to 18 months' postdischarge. Content analyses yielded five major teaching categories of infant, mother, family, home, and resources. Major predischarge teaching included feeding, recognition of infections, and growth and development. Major postdischarge teaching included feeding, current health problems, growth and development, and managing within the health-care system.

Child Development↗
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Child health and nutritional status in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: a preliminary assessment.

Over 85% of Mongolia's foreign trade and development aid, which formerly came from the USSR, have abruptly ceased causing shortfalls in almost all sectors. The UNICEF Mongolia Country Program and the East Asia and Pacific Regional Office (UNICEF/EAPRO) realized that Mongolian children are likely to suffer the most as reduced income and food availability aggravate problems associated with malnutrition. Hence, from 16 June-7 July 1992, a team from the Institute of Nutrition at Mahidol University, Thailand, collaborated with local UNICEF personnel and government health officials in designing and initiating the 1992 Mongolian Child Nutrition Survey. This paper presents the preliminary survey data of 342 randomly selected children aged 0-48 months in Ulaanbaatar. Results indicate that the four major health and nutrition problems are protein energy malnutrition (PEM), iodine deficiency disorders, vitamin D deficiency, and an unusually high rate of acute respiratory infections. Also requiring more in-depth study are low birth weight, iron deficiency anemia and vitamin A deficiency.

Acute Disease↗
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Fit to eat.

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Anorexia↗
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They don't look like weightlifters...nurses and back injury.

This study, done in the Regional Hospital Board area, of incidence rates of back injury, based on ACC claims, shows significantly higher rates of back injury in nurses as compared with clerical workers, and also differing rates between staff nurses (lowest), enrolled nurses and nurse aides (highest). There were no significant differences found between nurses working in a general hospital setting, a geriatric hospital or in the community. Nurses' working conditions are discussed to try to explain these differences.

Back Injuries↗
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Replicating Project LINC in two midwestern states. Implications for policy development.

Project LINC--Ladders in Nursing Careers--was developed in New York City in 1988 to address a nursing shortage crisis by providing educational and career advancement opportunities for nursing attendants and licensed practical nurses (LPNs) employed in hospitals and nursing homes (1). The project was designed to assist persons from low-income, disadvantaged backgrounds to over-come the typical educational, financial, and social barriers they experienced in returning to school to become nurses. In the first five years, nearly 500 participants from 60 employers were enrolled, 70 percent of whom were members of minority groups (2). [symbol: see text] Project LINC has been replicated in eight states. A qualitative evaluation of Iowa Project LINC (IPL) and North Dakota Project LINC (NDPL) was conducted over a 20-month period beginning one year following implementation. The state programs were compared with one another and with the national model. The findings shed light on how initial and changing conditions influence program structures, processes, and outcomes. Interventions like the Project LINC replication programs are useful to those concerned with providing career advancement opportunities in health care for nontraditional, minority, or low-income students in rural areas.

Career Mobility↗
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Human sexuality course evaluation.

A three-day human sexuality program was offered in 1974 to medical, nursing, and graduate psychology students for the second consecutive year at the University of Cincinnati. The program was designed to cover a wide range of topics; supply accurate information; encourage participants to question, explore, and assess their own sexual attitudes; and help participants develop a more tolerant attitude toward sexual beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of others. The Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Test and an evaluation form were used to measure students' pre- and postcourse knowledge, attitudes, and opinions. The total group of 186 subjects registered a significant difference between mean scores of the pre- and postcourse tests. When examined separately, nursing and medical students showed significant changes in attitudes and knowledge scores. Results of the three-day program were compared with those of a five-day program given the previous year. A profile analysis showed the differences in nursing and medical students in pre- and postcourse scores. An evaluation form demonstrated how each group of students felt about the course. This study documented that human sexuality content should be included in nursing and medical curriculums and demonstrated that an introductory concentrated course is an effective interdisciplinary experience for nursing and medical students.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
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The HOME scale: the influence of socioeconomic status on the evaluation of the home environment.

Caldwell's Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) was developed to provide specific and sensitive information about the home and maternal environment as a stimulus to infant learning and development. The use of the HOME scale was examined in a sample of 118 middle- and lower-income mothers and their low-birth-weight (LBW) or very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. The analysis of data demonstrated limited variability in the HOME scale total scores within each income group, and income alone was found to account for 41% of the variance in the sample. These findings raise questions about the effectiveness of the HOME scale in making useful discriminations about family functioning within an income group.

Adult↗
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Dad as caregiver.

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Child↗