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Biomedical subjects

L Brown

Publications and source records attributed to L Brown.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Idiopathic rupture of the iliac vein.

Idiopathic rupture of large veins is very rare. There has been one report in the Portugese literature of such an instance involving the iliac vein. Our patient was an elderly woman in whom evidence of intra-abdominal hemorrhage developed. There was no clinical evidence of trauma. At laparotomy a large retroperitoneal hematoma secondary to an 8-mm tear in the left common iliac vein was found. The tear occurred adjacent to where the right common iliac artery passes over the vein. Repair was followed by uneventful recovery. Results of the pathological examination showed nonspecific information.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Early central nervous system involvement in adults with acute non-myelogenous leukaemia.

Of 47 consecutive patients aged 15-60 years with acute non-myelogenous leukaemia (ANML) (40 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL); 5 acute Burkitt-like leukaemia (ABLL), 2 acute undifferentiated leukaemia (AUL) treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol (OPAL), 31 achieved complete remission (28/40(70%) of patients with ALL). CNS leukaemia occurred in 4/16 non-remitters, and in 6 patients who achieved complete remission (CR). CNS leukaemia occurred in all 5 patients with acute Burkitt-like leukaemia. 4/28 patients with ALL achieving CR had evidence of CSF involvement on cytocentrifuge examination shortly after CR. The apparent risk of early CNS disease suggests that prophylactic CNS therapy should be given early in the treatment of acute non-myelogenous leukaemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Use of saliva in therapeutic drug monitoring.

We measured the concentrations of phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, ethosuximide, antipyrine, and caffeine in paired samples of saliva and plasma by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-computer (GC/MS/COM) and enzyme immunoassay. Mixed saliva was collected for the antipyrine and caffeine studies, parotid saliva for the phenobarbital, primidone, ethosuximide and phenytoin studies. The saliva/plasma (S/P) ratios (by weight) obtained by GC/MS/COM were: phenobarbital, 0.31-0.37; phenytoin, 0.11; ethosuximide, 1.04; antipyrine, 0.83-0.95; caffeine, 0.55. The S/P ratio obtained by enzyme immunoassay were: phenobarbital, 0.32; phenytoin, 0.12; primidone, 0.85. The concentrations of phenytoin, primidone, ethosuximide and antipyrine in saliva correspond to the free fraction of the drug in plasma. When we analyzed samples containing phenobarbital or phenytoin (plasma or saliva) by both techniques, we found that the enzyme immunoassay values were generally higher than GC/MS/COM values, suggesting that the metabolites as well as the parent drug were measured in the immunoassay.

Antipyrine↗
PubMed1977

Abdominal aortic aneurysm and horseshoe kidney in a 91-year-old man.

A 91-year-old man had a symptomatic, enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysm in association with horseshoe kidney. He underwent successful surgical resection. Difficulties, secondary to the inter-relationship of the renal artery supply and the aneurysm, are discussed. This patient is 15 years older than the previously oldest reported patient with these two associated anomalies.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

The thyroid nodule. View from the community hospital.

Most operative procedures, including those on the thyroid, are performed in community hospitals but reported on from large medical centers. For comparison, therefore, 651 patients who underwent operation for nodular goiter in a community hospital over a twenty-one year period are analyzed. The incidence of carcinoma in patients undergoing operation for nodular goiter increased from 8.7 per cent in the early years to 20.4 per cent in the past four years. The value of frozen section study and thyroid scanning is documented.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1974

Inhibition of Cuticular Lipid Biosynthesis in Pisum sativum by Thiocarbamates.

Treatment of slices of young pea leaves (Pisum sativum) with muM solutions of alpha-chlorallyl diethyldithiocarbamate, dichloroallyl diisopropylthiocarbamate, or S-ethyldipropylthiocarbamate resulted in inhibition of incorporation of [1-(14)C]acetate into C(31) alkane and C(31) secondary alcohol, very little effect on the synthesis of C(26) and C(28) fatty alcohols, and an accumulation of (14)C in shorter chain cuticular lipids, particularly C(22) acid. Higher concentrations of the thiocarbamates caused inhibition of synthesis of C(26) and C(28) fatty alcohols and an accumulation of label in C(22) acid. Further increase in thiocarbamate concentration resulted in inhibition of C(22) acid synthesis also. The three thiocarbamates at muM concentration also inhibited incorporation of [1-(14)C]stearic acid specifically into C(31) alkane and C(31) secondary alcohol. These results suggest that thiocarbamates reduce cuticular lipid formation by a concentration-dependent inhibition of the various chain-elongating enzyme systems.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1974

Structure and Biosynthesis of Cuticular Lipids: Hydroxylation of Palmitic Acid and Decarboxylation of C(28), C(30), and C(32) Acids in Vicia faba Flowers.

The structure and composition of the cutin monomers from the flower petals of Vicia faba were determined by hydrogenolysis (LiAlH(4)) or deuterolysis (LiAlD(4)) followed by thin layer chromatography and combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The major components were 10, 16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (79.8%), 9, 16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (4.2%), 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid (4.2%), 18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (1.6%), and hexadecanoic acid (2.4%). These results show that flower petal cutin is very similar to leaf cutin of V. faba. Developing petals readily incorporated exogenous [1-(14)C]palmitic acid into cutin. Direct conversion of the exogeneous acid into 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, 10, 16-dihydroxy-, and 9, 16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid was demonstrated by radio gas-liquid chromatography of their chemical degradation products. About 1% of the exogenous [1-(14)C]palmitic acid was incorporated into C(27), C(29), and C(31)n-alkanes, which were identified by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry as the major components of the hydrocarbons of V. faba flowers. The radioactivity distribution among these three alkanes (C(27), 15%; C(29), 48%; C(31), 38%) was similar to the per cent composition of the alkanes (C(27), 12%; C(29), 43%; C(31), 44%). [1-(14)C]Stearic acid was also incorporated into C(27), C(29), and C(31)n-alkanes in good yield (3%). Trichloroacetate, which has been postulated to be an inhibitor of fatty acid elongation, inhibited the conversion of [1-(14)C]stearic acid to alkanes, and the inhibition was greatest for the longer alkanes. Developing flower petals also incorporated exogenous C(28), C(30), and C(32) acids into alkanes in 0.5% to 5% yields. [G-(3)H]n-octacosanoic acid (C(28)) was incorporated into C(27), C(29), and C(31)n-alkanes. [G-(3)H]n-triacontanoic acid (C(30)) was incorporated mainly into C(29) and C(31) alkanes, whereas [9, 10, 11-(3)H]n-dotriacontanoic acid (C(32)) was converted mainly to C(31) alkane. Trichloroacetate inhibited the conversion of the exogenous acids into alkanes with carbon chains longer than the exogenous acid, and at the same time increased the amount of the direct decarboxylation product formed. These results clearly demonstrate direct decarboxylation as well as elongation and decarboxylation of exogenous fatty acids, and thus constitute the most direct evidence thus far obtained for an elongation-decarboxylation mechanism for the biosynthesis of alkanes.

Journal Article↗