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Biomedical subjects

L Brandt

Publications and source records attributed to L Brandt.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Non-random chromosome changes in acute myeloid leukemia. Chromosome banding examination of 30 cases at diagnosis.

Bone-marrow chromosomes were examined with the G-banding technique in 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia at the time of diagnosis. In 13 of the 30 patients (43%) only normal diploid bone-marrow cells were found, and no deviations from the normal banding pattern could be detected in these cells. In bone-marrow cells of 17 patients (57%), distinct chromosome abnormalities were found; in 10 of the patients only abnormal cells were observed, whereas in 7 of the patients the abnormal cells coexisted with normal diploid cells without any visible chromosome banding abnormality. The results of the detailed analysis of the karyotypic aberrations demonstrated that when chromosome aberrations occurred they were clearly non-random. All patients except two displayed trisomy 8,9 or 21 or monosomy 7. Analysis of cases of acute leukemia from other laboratories indicated that the same consistent pattern of chromosome involvement prevailed in them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Extremely long duration of chronic myeloid leukaemia with Ph1 negative and Ph1 positive bone marrow cells.

A male patient still surviving 17 years after the diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukaemic (CML) is described. A chromosome analysis of the bone marrow 16 years after the diagnosis revealed 84% Ph1 negative and 16% Ph1 positive cells, all containing the Y chromosome. The disease has been very sensitive to treatment with busulphan but bone marrow hypoplasia has not been induced. It is probable that in some CML patients with such a double cell population the prognosis may be extraordinarily good and that they run a considerable risk of being overtreated due to a pronounced sensitivity to alkylating drugs. Such rare cases should not serve as arguments for aggressive treatment of CML.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Adenylate-rich sequences of heterogeneous nuclear RNA from normal and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia lymphocytes.

Rapidly labelled high molecular weight heterogeneous nuclear RNA (Hn RNA) from normal and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) lymphocytes has been fractionated into two classes by chromatography on poly (U) sephasose. The (+) Hn RNA is bound to poly (U) sepharose and contains both a long poly (A) segment (100-200 nucleotides) and shorter (A) rich sequences (approximately 20-30 nucleotides. (-) Hn RNA is not bound to poly (U) sepharose and lacks the longer poly (A) segment but does contain shorter (A) rich sequences. Partial association of the short (A) rich segments with double-stranded regions was found for both classes of Hn RNA but was most pronounced in (-) Hn RNA from high WBC cases of CLL. Both classes of Hn RNA from CLL lymphocytes contain varying but generally higher amounts of the short (A) rich fraction than those in normals. Similar amounts of the longer poly (A) segments were found in (+) Hn RNA from both CLL and normal lymphocytes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1976

The oxalate-induced radial segmentation of the nuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of different size.

The incidence of oxalate-induced radial-segmented (RS) nuclei in lymphocytes from peripheral blood correlated closely with the diameter of the cell and with the diameter of the nucleus; the majority of RS nuclei were found in large lymphocytes. This observation supports the basic hypotheses, that large lymphocytes from peripheral blood represent a later stage in the cell cycle than small lymphocytes, that the tubulin content of lymphocytes increases during the interphase and that the incidence of RS nuclei reflects the tubulin content of the cells within the various size classes.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1976

Different composition and mitotic activity of the haemopoietic tissue in bone marrow, spleen and liver in chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Aspirates from bone marrow, spleen and liver were analyzed in 15 untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). The proportion of erythroblasts was higher in the spleen and liver than in the bone marrow. An increased frequency of basophilic leucocytes was recorded in the extramedullary sites compared to the bone marrow. In the liver aspirates a considerable admixture of lymphocytes was found. The mitotic indices of the granulopoietic and erythropoietic precursor cells were lower in the spleen and liver than in the bone marrow. The results indicate that the composition and proliferative activity of the haemopoietic tissue differ in bone marrow and extramedullary sites in CML. The discrepancies may be due to differences in the microenvironment for the haemopoietic cells or to a selective accumulation of cells with a low mitotic activity in extramedullary sites. Since the final blastic transformation of CML may originate outside the bone marrow, further studies of the extramedullary haemopoietic tissue may be worthwhile.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1975

Therapeutic effect of Leo 1031, an alkylating corticosteroid ester, in lymphoproliferative disorders. I. chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Leo 1031, a chlorambucil ester of prednisolone, has been administered orally to 15 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) continuously for 1-29 months (mean 12.5). Seven patients were previously untreated and eight had been treated with prednisolone, radiotherapy and/or alkylating agents. The initial daily dose was generally 8-16 mg and the maintenance dose was 6-8 mg. Allopurinol was given concurrently. In 14 of 15 patients a reduction of the leucocyte count was observed and a reduction, in most instances, of lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly, or both. In seven patients the Hb concentration was improved. Significant toxic effects on bone marrow function have been observed in one patient. Two patients developed urticaria. Our study suggests that the drug is effective in the treatment of CLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Therapeutic effect of Leo 1031, an alkylating corticosteroid ester; in lymphoproliferative disorders. II. Lymphocytic lymphoma.

Leo 1031, a chlorambucil ester of prednisolone, has been administered to 20 patients with generalized lymphocytic lymphoma (LL) fo various histologic types. The average daily dose was 40 mg orally; the treatment was given continuously for 1-17 months (mean 7). Complete remission was obtained in five patients and partial remission in ten. The best results were obtained in patients with a nodular type of LL. Significant leucopenia was induced in two patients; no thrombocytopenia has occurred in any patient. In two patients a cushingoid habitus developed after 8 and 4 months, respectively. Leo 1031 may be of value as the single drug in the treatment of some types of LL. A combination therapy will Leo 1031 and vincristine has been tried in 5 of these patients; in 2 as initial therapy and in 3 later in association with relapse. Further trials to assess the value of Leo 1031 as part of a combination schedule are desirable.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A simple technique for the determination of the ventilatory response to rising arterial CO2 tensions, suitable for patients with neurological disorders.

Patients with neurological disorders may have a reduced ventilatory response to a rising PaCO2. This is often unpredictable and may become apparent only when other complications, e.g. infections (pneumonia), occur or when the patient is subjected to general anaesthesia. This paper described a simple method suitable for screening patients who may have an impaired capacity of eliminating CO2 when stressed. Ventilatory changes were determined during the continuous recording of the CO2 concentration in end-tidal air in 20 healthy subjects, who were breathing first air and then gas mixtures containing 21% O2 and 2.5 or 5% CO2. A prediction interval with 90 and 95% probability limits was constructed for healthy individuals. The normally expected change in minute ventilation per m2 body surface area per change in PACO2 (delta versicle E/m2, l/min/delta PACO2, for this technique is also given.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cytogenetic differences between bone marrow and spleen in a case of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia developing blast crisis.

Chromosome studies of cells from bone marrow and spleen were performed in a patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (MM) developing blast crisis after a chronic phase lasting for 6.5 years. The proportions of blast cells were roughly the same in bone marrow and spleen. In the bone marrow 43 % of the metaphases were abnormal with a marker chromosome whereas all spleen metaphases were normal. The results indicate that chromosomal changes associated with blast transformation in MM may occur in the bone marrow prior to such changes in the spleen and support the concept that bone marrow and spleen may constitute relatively separate pools of haemopoietic tissue in chronic myeloproliferative diseases.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1975

Cell production and cell function in human cyclic neutropenia.

In vitro studies have been done on haematopoietic cells from a patient with cyclic neutropenia characterized by severe depression of blood neutrophil levels every 21 days. Serial blood counts reveal periodic fluctuations in neutrophils, monocytes and reticulocytes. Agar culture of marrow cells shows normal concentration of colony forming cells. The percentage of colony forming cells in S phase is highly increased during profound neutropenia and normal during the recovery phase relating the granulocyte production to the peripheral neutrophil level. Studies of ingestion rate, bactericidal activity, lactate production and glucose oxidation during phagocytosis in isolated granulocytes show normal results. Also the ingestion rate in isolated monocytes is normal. Serial karyotype analyses of marrow cells during the neutrophil cycle display a normal pattern. Serum myeloperoxidase levels vary inversely with the peripheral neutrophil count indicating increased granulopoietic activity during profound neutropenia, which might be associated with non effective granulopoiesis during profound neutropenia, leading to a lack of granulocyte reserves in the marrow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Megaloblastic changes and chromosome abnormalities of erythropoietic cells in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Using Giemsa banding technique, the bone marrow chromosomes were studied in 9 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Four patients had 100% normal diploid cells and 5 had 100% abnormal cells: 28-92% of the mitoses were found in erythroid cells. The percentage of erythroblasts with megaloblastoid changes was abnormally high. It was not increased in the cases with chromosomal abnormalities. These findings indicate that chromosomal aberrations are not prerequisites for the development of megaloblasts in AML. Furthermore, abnormalities in the DNA synthesis bringing about the megaloblastoid changes may occur without influencing karyotype.

Acute Disease↗