Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Brandt

Publications and source records attributed to L Brandt.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effects of indomethacin and prostacyclin on isolated human pial arteries contracted by CSF from patients with aneurysmal SAH.

In small human cerebral arteries preincubated with indomethacin, contractions induced by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), from patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage were markedly increased. Also contractions induced by noradrenaline, but not 5-hydroxytryptamine, were augmented. Prostacyclin and its metabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG)E1 reversed the contractions induced by CSF, as well as by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and PGF2 alpha. The findings suggest that these substances are able to counteract the influence of vasoconstrictor material in hemorrhagic CSF. If the capacity to synthesize these "protective" arachidonic acid metabolites is reduced, the resulting imbalance between contractile and relaxant forces acting on the vessel wall may lead to sustained cerebral vasoconstriction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Gas-diffusion induced pressure kinetics in low pressure cuffs. Continuous pressure measurement in vivo and in vitro (author's transl)].

The main cause for the rise in cuff-pressure during anesthesia is the diffusion of nitrous oxide into the tube cuff. Gas-diffusion induced pressure changes in low pressure-high volume cuffs are registered continuously. Exposure of an air-filled cuff into an anaesthetic gas atmosphere in vitro shows, that there is an increase in cuff-pressure up to 150 mm Hg within 8 hours. This pressure-plateau remains for several hours. In intubated patients cuff-pressure increases even more. During anesthesia lasting 4--5 hours we recorded pressures up to 150 mm Hg, too. To prevent these high pressures we recommend the reducing of cuff-volume within defined times of anesthesia or, alternatively, the use of the anesthetic gas mixture as cuff inflating gas.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1981

[Use of ultrasonic-aerosol for surface analgesia of the respiratory tract. First experiences with a new technique of endotracheal intubation under local anesthesia (author's transl)].

On 10 patients and 5 probands we used topical ultrasonic aerosol inhalation anaesthesia for endotracheal intubation during spontaneously breathing and local anaesthesia. 6 ml lignocaine 10% was inhaled for 4 minutes. There were no complications during or after inhalation. We injected a hypnotic just before intubation in most cases.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1981

Colitis in the elderly. A reappraisal.

The records of 81 patients with colitis whose symptoms began after the age of 50 years were analyzed to determine the importance of ischemia as a cause of colitis in this age group and to evaluate the accuracy of previous diagnoses. Patients were classified by clinical, roentgenological and pathologic criteria. A retrospective diagnosis of ischemic colitis was made in three-fourths of the patients, one-half of whom had original discharge diagnoses of ulcerative, Crohn's or nonspecific colitis. This study supports our belief that ischemia is the most common cause of colitis beginning in patients older than 50 years of age. Moreover, the incorrect diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease in a large proportion of these patients may explain why colitis has been reported to behave differently in the elderly than in the young.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Does precurarization prevent the increase of serum potassium after administration of succinylcholine in risk patients? - a case report- (author's transl)].

There are different opinions about the efficiency of preventing the succinylcholine-induced increase of serum potassium by precurarization. The following case report demonstrates that this method is not practicable in risk patients. A case of severe cerebral trauma is reported, in whom after precurarization with 2,0 mg diallyl-nortoxiferine and with 1.5 mg pancuronium, too, there was an increase of a normal serum potassium level up to 9.35 respectively 9.20 mEq/l about 1-2 minutes after injection of succinylcholine. 20 minutes after the injection serum potassium decreased to a normal level again. Only a short lasting bradycardia was noticed during the hyperkaliaemic period. Similar results reported in the anaesthesiologic literature are discussed.

Alcuronium↗
PubMed1981

Duodenal infarction after therapeutic Gelfoam embolization of a bleeding duodenal ulcer.

A patient is presented who sustained a duodenal infarction after therapeutic Gelfoam embolization of the gastroduodenal artery for hemorrhage from a duodenal ulcer. Factors that may have contributed to this previously unreported complication included underlying vascular disease, recent surgery, and an associated arteritis possibly related to the Gelfoam. Although ischemic injury of the duodenum has been considered unlikely because of its dual vascular supply, our case suggests that the technique of therapeutic embolization may carry an increased risk in patients with underlying vascular disease or previous surgery within the area of the vascular bed to be embolized.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Relation between age of mothers with breast cancer and sex of their children.

In a consecutive series of 150 women with breast cancer 122 had borne one or more children. Sixty-two patients were aged below 55 years at diagnosis (group A) and 60 were 55 years or older (group B). In group A 91 out of 153 children (59%) were boys compared with 48 out of 141 (34%) in group B (p=0.000007). In group A 54 of the 62 patients (87%) had given birth to one or more boys compared with 35 of the 60 (58%) in group B (p=0.0003). The mean age at diagnosis in mothers of two or more boys was 49.0 years, in those of one boy 55.2 years, and in those of only girls 61.0 years. The differences between each of the mean ages was significant. The mean age at diagnosis in 28 nulliparous patients was 57.7 years. There was no significant correlation between the number of female pregnancies and age at diagnosis. These results suggest that in women liable to develop breast cancer male pregnancies are associated with an early onset of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lymphocytopenia preceding chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

In 11 patients with an average peripheral blood lymphocyte count of 21.1 x 109/l at the time of diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), WBC and differential counts had been recorded on 1-26 occasions more than 5 years before the diagnosis. The median lymphocyte count in the preleukemic period was 1.3 x 109/l found in a sex- and age-matched control series. In 3 patients lymphocytopenia coexisted with normal levels of serum immunoglobulins in the preleukemic period. It is suggested that the preleukemic lymphocytopenia was mainly due to low numbers of T-cell and that a deficiency in T-lymphocytes may favour the development of the malignant, monoclonal B-cell proliferation characteristic of CLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Occupational exposure to organic solvents and Hodgkin's disease in men. A case-referent study.

A standardized personal interview schedule was used to study occupational exposure to organic solvents among 25 men aged 20-65 a with Hodgkin's disease and 50 referents matched for sex, age and residence. When exposure was defined as the handling of organic solvents every workday for at least 1 a within the 10-a period immediately preceding the interview, 12 of the Hodgkin's disease patients (48%) and six referents (12%) were occupationally exposed with a relative risk of 6.6 (p = 0.00005). For 9 of the 12 exposed Hodgkin's disease patients exposure to aromatic solvents was verified, and such exposure may well have occurred for the remaining three patients also. It was concluded that exposure to organic solvents may constitute an occupational risk with regard to Hodgkin's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prednimustine in adult acute myeloid leukaemia.

In 23 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and over the age of 64, four remissions (17%) were obtained with Prednimustine as a single drug. The daily dose was 24--60 mg orally. In 14 patients aged between 35 and 64 years who were treated with Prednimustine 60--80 mg daily and vincristine 2.25 mg i.v. every 7--10 days, six remissions were obtained (43%). Upon remission, patients were given ,0--40 mg of Prednimustine daily as maintenance therapy. Drug-induced pancytopenia preceding remission was not recorded in any patient. There were no side effects of major importance during maintenance therapy, and the median duration of remission was 8 months. It is concluded that the low toxicity of Prednimustine in normal bone marrow cells is of value, especially in elderly patients with AML.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Relief of pruritus as an early sign of spinal cord compression in Hodgkin's disease.

In a patient with advanced Hodgkin's disease (HD) associated with generalized pruritus, an unexpected relief of itching was found to be an early sign of spinal cord compression. Following irradiation of an extradural mass at the Th II level, itching recurred. Although the mechanisms bringing about itching in HD are unknown, the relief and recurrence of the symptom in our patient are in line with a peripheral origin of pruritus in the disease. Spontaneous relief of pruritus in HD despite other signs of active disease should prompt a neurological examination, since early recognition and treatment of spinal cord compression in lymphoma are important to avoid residual neurological disability.

Adult↗