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Biomedical subjects

L Boquist

Publications and source records attributed to L Boquist.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Fibrosarcoma of bone. A demographic, clinical and histopathological study of all cases recorded in the Swedish cancer registry from 1958 to 1968.

The clinical records, radiographs and histopathological material of all forty-one patients recorded as suffering from fibrosarcoma of bone in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 to 1968 have been analysed; in addition, four cases were found on histological review of a series of osteosarcomas. From this re-examination, twenty-four patients with genuine fibrosarcoma of bone were identified; twenty-two had primary neoplasms and two secondary. No sex or geographical differences were found. The tumours showed a prevalence for patients in the adult and older age groups. Half of the tumours arose from femoral or tibial metaphysial bone adjacent to a knee joint. All the tumours were of the medullary type. Almost one-third presented with a pathological fracture, and soft-tissue extension had occurred in all but three tumours. In contrast to previous reports, these tumours were more malignant than osteosarcomas and showed a five-year survival rate of only 4-2 per cent. In accessible sites, ablative surgery was used as the primary treatment, Fibrosarcoma of bone is a distinctive lesion and should be distinguished carefully from periosteal and soft-tissue fibrosarcomas because of differences in prognosis and treatment.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1976

Onto- and phylogenetical aspects on insulin-producing islet-cell tumors.

When onto- and phylogenetical aspects are taken into account when studying insulin-producing islet-cell tumors, it becomes clear that the recently discovered "type IV" islet parenchymal cells (or "delta 1" -cells) may play an important role in various states of hypoglycemia, both of neoplastic and non-neoplastic origin. Moreover, it becomes obvious that increased attention to this kind of islet cell through intensified light-microscopical, histochemical, ultrastructural and experimental investigations covering a wide range of animals, may help to clarify several unsolved problems in the cytological composition of the islets of Langerhans. The occurrence of islet-cell tumors (or hamartomas) in the most primitive vertebrate islet parenchyma known, viz. that of the hagfish, Myxine glutinosa, is reported, as well as an additional case of mixed carcinoid-islet-cell tumor in a human pancreas.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1976

Genuine giant-cell tumour of bone; a combined cytological, histopathological and ultrastructural study.

Three patients with a giant-cell tumour of bone were studied clinically, roentgenologically and morphologically, using cytological, histopathological and electron microscopic methods. The tumours were composed of giant cells possessing a great number of mitochondria and stromal cells exhibiting prominent endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. Mitotic activity was only found among the stromal cells. Autophagic vacuoles, lysosomal bodies and degenerative changes of varying severity were found mainly or exclusively among the giant cells, which may indicate that these cells represent an involutionary form of tumour cell. The giant-cell tumours of bone are believed to arise from undifferentiated cells of the bone marrow. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy represents a valuable complement to histopathological examination in the identification of giant cell lesions and diagnosis of genuine cell tumours of bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The fine structure of the parathyroid glands of rats with disuse osteoporosis.

The parathyroid glands were studied ultrastructurally in two groups of rats: one control group and one group with an immobilized hindleg. The aim was to see whether immobilization has any effect on the fine structural appearance of the parathyroid glands. No morphological differences were recorded between the two groups. Nor were any signs of increased functional activity observed. The results denote that no increased parathyroid activity occurs after immobilization of an extremity in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Occurrence of oxyphil cells in suppressed parathyroid glands.

Parathyroid glands from Mongolian gerbils cultured for 7 days at a high calcium concentration and examined by electron microscopy, were found to contain suppressed chief cells containing numerous mitochondria, and some oxyphil cells containing an abundance of medium-sized or large mitochondria with calcium-containing precipitates. It is suggested that parathyroid chief cells may be transformed into oxyphil cells, under certain conditions, and that the associated increase in the number and size of the mitochondria may be related to an intracellular accumulation of calcium.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructural study of calcium-containing precipitation in human parathyroid glands.

Using the potassium pyroantimonate technique for ultrastructural localization of cations and X-ray elemental analysis with both energy dispersive and wave-length dispersive systems, calcium-containing precipitates were found in normal, hyperplastic and adenomatous human parathyroid glands. Differences were observed between oxyphil cells, and suppressed, stimulated and active chief cells in the content and localization of intracellular precipitation. The oxyphil cells and suppressed chief cells possessed precipitates mainly in nuclei and medium-sized and large mitochondria, whereas the stimulated chief cells possessed precipitates in normal-appearing and morphologically altered mitochondria, and in smooth-surfaced vacuoles and cytosol. The active chief cells usually showed a rather sparse precipitation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Annulate lamellae and crystalline inclusions in granular endoplasmic reticulum of the islet organ and associated tissues of a cyclostome, Myxine glutinosa.

Cytoplasmic annylate lamellae were found in the islet organ of a cyclostome, the hagfish (Myxine glutinosa), predominantly in cells interpreted as young proliferating beta-cells, and also in endocrine cells and enterocytes of the bile duct and gut and in the endothelial cells of small blood vessels. A close association was observed annulate lamellae and granular endoplasmic reticulum. Both in cells with and in those without annulate lamellae, crystalline inclusions of proteinaceous nature were seen in granular endoplasmic reticulum. These inclusions were occasionally closely associated to annulate lamellae, and a direct continuity could be seen between granular endoplasmic reticulum and the outer nuclear membrane surrounding an inclusion partially situated in the perinuclear cisterna. Rod-shaped structures and rounded electron dense bodies were seen in the nuclei of some islet parenchymal cells. The presence of annulate lamellae in the islet organ and associated tissues of Myxine glutinosa is believed to be related to the very high phylogenetic age of this species. The close association observed between annulate lamellae, granular endoplasmic reticulum, crystalline inclusions, and sometimes also nuclear membranes, may be of functional significance.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Giant-cell tumors of the spine and sacrum causing neurological symptoms.

Pain and neurological disturbances were the most frequent symptoms in patients with giant-cell tumors of the spine (4 cases) and sacrum (1 case). A good prognosis is possible in patients with vertebral tumor localization. There were no recurrences at follow-up 6 to 16 years after the first admission. The patient with a sacral tumor is alive more than 15 years after the first admission with some remaining neurological symptoms. Early surgical and/or radiation therapy is important. If institution of treatment is delayed more than three months after the onset of nerve root symptoms, there is a great risk of development of irreversible neurological lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Parathyroid morphology in gerbils after thyroidectomy and calcium administration.

Morphological studies of the parathyroid glands from adult Mongolian gerbils in which hypercalcaemia had been induced by thyroidectomy and calcium injections for 2-19 days were carried out. The potassium pyro-antimonate technique and subsequent X-ray analysis of the precipitates were used for ultrastructural localization of cations. Ultrastructurally, most (suppressed) chief cells exhibited a dense cytoplasm, medium-sized or large mitochondria, glycogen particles, inconspicuous endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, calcium-containing precipitates mainly in mitochondria and nuclei, and sometimes also lysosomal bodies and accumulations of secretory granules which occasionally seemed to be discharged into cytoplasmic vacuoles. A few parenchymal cells showed a low cytoplasmic density, few organelles, and structurally altered mitochondria, occasionally with associated smooth-surfaced vacuoles. These cells possessed calcium-containing precipitates in mitochondria, smooth-surfaced vacuoles, and also diffusely in the cytosol. It is concluded, that, in the main part of the parenchymal cells, the hypercalcaemia had resulted in a suppression primarily of the synthetic and later also of the secretory activity, and that the calcium-containing precipitation is different in the chief cell variants.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Renal morphology in pigs with experimental hyperparathyroidism. Ultrastructural findings.

Ultrastructural examinations were performed in three groups of pigs; one sham-operated control group, one group subjected to thyroidectomy, and another group injected with parathormone after thyroidectomy (TX + PTH). Attention was mainly paid to the localization and structural details of the calcium deposits which were found in the TX + PTH group 78 and 150 hours after the first PTH injection. Calcium deposits were found in the epithelial cells and lumina of the tubular system, especially in the proximal convoluted tubules. It is suggested that calcium first is deposited in mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuoles and that larger calcific bodies, occasionally with concentric lamellation, are formed by coalescence of small calcific particles, and that the calcium deposits induce degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium which may lead to discharge of calcific material into the lumina.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Primary liposarcoma of bone.

A case is presented of a rare primary liposarcoma of bone localized to the major trochanter of the left femur of a 52-year-old female. Despite combined treatment with curettage and irradiation with a total dose of 4,500 rad the neoplasm showed rapid invasive growth with destruction of the bone, spread to the iliac fossa and outgrowth through the operation wound. Approximately 5 months after admission the patient succumbed due to widespread metastases in the lungs, liver and left kidney. The histopathology, clinical course and treatment of this rare neoplasm of the bone are discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

Giant-cell tumor of bone. A demographic, clinical, and histopathological study of all cases recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968.

All seventy-five cases recorded as giant-cell tumor of bone in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968 were analyzed. At reexamination, fifty-three cases constituted genuine giant-cell tumor of bone and twenty cases were so-called "giant-cell variants". The genuine giant-cell tumors showed a significantly higher incidence in the urban than in the rural population. The recurrence rate was 42 per cent. Patients under the age of twenty-five rarely had recurrences. A high recurrence rate was found among patients with tumors located in the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia. Tumors penetrating through the bone cortex were more aggressive than those located entirely within bone, regardless of tumor size and presence or absence of spontaneous fracture. A malignant course was found in 11.3 per cent of cases, predominantly in patients with tumors in the femur. Histopathological grading was of no prognostic value. Primary en bloc resection with or without prosthetic replacement is recommended in patients over the age of twenty-five.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Malignant hemangioendothelioma of bone.

The clinical and histopathological characteristics are described in seven cases of malignant hemangioendothelioma of bone. This rare neoplasm affects all age groups and almost any bone. Metastases appear in the skeleton even before such lesions are seen on pulmonary roentgenograms. Prognosis is poor, with a five-year survival for only two of the six patients in this series. One patient is still alive and free of symptoms more than twelve years after diagnosis of widespread tumor destruction of the frontal skull bones, which was successfully controlled by radiation therapy. In addition, a recently diagnosed case of this tumor arising in a chronic non-fistulous osteomyelitic bone is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Renal morphology in pigs with experimental hyperparathyroidism. Light-microscopic findings and some functional aspects.

Light-microscopic examinations were performed in three groups of pigs; one sham-operated control group, one group subjected to thyroidectomy (TX), and one group injected with parat-hormone (PTH) after thyroidectomy (TK + PTH). The kidneys of the sham-operated animals were normal, whereas slight to moderate dilatation of some tubules was seen in the TX group. The most prominent changes in the TX + PTH group were calcium deposition, tubular dilatation and degeneration, inflammation, and hyperaemia. In addition there were hyaline casts, PAS-positive globules and mitotic figures in the tubules. It is suggested that the calcium deposition caused by the PTH administration plays a major role in the development of degeneration in the tubular epithelium, and that these structural lesions are of importance in the development of reduced renal function.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ectopic liver lobule with portal cirrhosis.

A patient who had an ectopic liver attached to the gallbladder is reported. Angiography, scintiscanning, and routine palpation at laparotomy did not reveal the ectopic liver. Advanced liver cirrhosis was found in autopsy and the same changes were seen in the ectopic liver. The embryology, localization, symptoms and incidence of ectopic liver lobules are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The parathyroid glands of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).

The parathyroid glands of adult Mongolian gerbils were studied under an operation microscope, as well as with the aid of conventional light microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The mean serum level of calcium was 5.1 mEq/1 and that of phosphorus was 4.8 mg/100 ml. The animals possessed two small parathyroid glands, usually situated anteriorly and slightly laterally to the superior thyroid poles. The glands had a rich vascular supply and were composed of sheets of chief cells, which varied in electron density and content of organelles. No water-clear, oxyphil, or intraglandular fat cells were found. Some mitochondria exhibited electron lucent areas, and separation and bulbous projections of the membranes. The cell membranes were straight or tortuous and possessed microvilli, occasionally with central filamentous structures. The intercellular spaces were usually narrow. It is supposed that the variants of chief cells are interchangeable and that the differences in their morphological appearance are related to differences in functional state.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of variations in calcium concentration on parathyroid morphology in vitro.

Morphologic examinations, including the use of the potassium pyroantimonate-technique and x-ray analysis for ultrastructural localization of cations, were carried out on parathyroid glands from Mongolian gerbils cultured for 2 to 6 days. At a high calcium concentration most (suppressed) chief cells were characterized by a moderate or high cytoplasmic density, inconspicuous endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, numerous often enlarged mitochondria, and the occasional occurrence of accumulations of secretory granules, storage granules, and lysosomal bodies, whereas other (atrophic) cells were smaller and still more dense. At a low concentration of calcium some (stimulated) chief cells were characterized by a low cytoplasmic density, normal or structurally altered mitochondria, and smooth surface vacuoles occasionally connected with mitochondria, whereas the main features of other (active) chief cells were a moderate or low cytoplasmic density and a prominent endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. Calcium-containing precipitates were found both inter- and intracellularly; the latter were mainly localized to nuclei, mitochondria, and rough surfaced vacuoles, and in stimulated cells also to the smooth surfaced vacuoles and the cytosol. Degenerative changes were seen, mainly in the suppressed cells; massive calcium loading in mitochondria seemed to precede degeneration and necrosis of whole cells. The findings indicate that clear differences exist between the different chief cell variants both as to the distribution of calcium-containing precipitates and to the structural appearance, and that these differences are influenced by the ambient calcium concentration. Suppressed cells occasionally seem to accumulate hormone which later may undergo lysosomal digestion. Calcium might be accumulated intracellularly, mainly in mitochondria of suppressed cells.

Calcium↗