Biomedical subjects

L Bojić

Publications and source records attributed to L Bojić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Influence of war circumstances on tumor morphological characteristics in patients with breast cancer.

The influence of war circumstances on tumor morphological characteristics in patients with breast cancer has not been studied up to now. The aim of this study is to investigate if war circumstances have influenced breast cancer incidence. The study covered both the patients in which during a period of observation a breast cancer was diagnosed as well as those who died of the same disease in the same period. Three sources of data were used: 1) The archives of the Oncology and Radiotherapy Center of the University Hospital "Split" (UHS): hospital data of 768 patients were reviewed. The war sample consisted of 380 patients aged 59.4+/-12.1 (31 to 86) (including 5 males), whereas the pre-war sample was made up of 388 patients aged 58.4+/-12.7 (19 to 88) (including 3 males); 2) Register of death of the Pathology Department of UHS with 162 analyzed persons whose death was caused by breast cancer in the six-year period between 1988 and 1993. The list of 162 dead patients included 79 people who died from breast cancer diagnosed in that period (1988-1993) and another 83 people that had been diagnosed before that period; 3) The biopsy register of the Pathology Department of UHS with 851 breast biopsies performed between 1988 and 1993. Breast cancer is predominantly a female illness (99.1%). The war circumstances influenced the of T, N and M rate. The rate of N2, N3, Ml were conspicuously higher in the war period. There were significantly more malignant histological diagnoses found in new patients and also significantly more patients died due to breast cancer. Stress and other war circumstances undoubtedly have a negative impact on the numerous markers of breast cancer which we have proved in this study.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in two patients with non-arteritic anterior optic neuropathy who did not respond to prednisone.

Recent advances in understanding the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on retinal anoxia gave rise to new interest in the possibility of using it as therapeutic treatment for ischemic conditions of the retina and optic nerve. Two patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy due to a high-grade ophthalmic artery stenosis were treated with HBO at 2 atm abs in an effort to increase oxygen delivery for the eye. Both patients showed marked improvements of visual acuity and visual field 3-5 months following the event. Our results are intriguing although the achieved improvement could be coincidental.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗

PubMed2002

The effect of delivery on regression of abnormal cervical cytologic findings.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether abnormal antepartum cervical cytologic findings result in differing postpartum regression rates. Between 1993 and 2000, 107 pregnant women with antepartum abnormal cervical cytologic findings were identified. Papanicolaou smear data were separated into three groups by use of the CIN classification system. Postpartum regression rates of antepartum Papanicolaou smears were analyzed six months after delivery. Normalization of Papanicolaou smears in the postpartum period were observed in 50 of 107 women (46.7%). Regression of cervical cytologic findings was noted in 61 of 107 women (57%). Respectively, persistence of Papanicolaou smear was noted in 43 of 107 patients (40%). Only 3 of 107 (3%) antepartum findings progressed after delivery. Desquamation of the cervical epithelium or enhancement of a localized reparative immunologic response after vaginal delivery could play an important role in the spontaneous regression of cervical dysplasia in the postpartum period.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2002

Circulating platelet aggregates and progression of visual field loss in glaucoma.

The aim of the study was to assess a relationship between circulating platelet aggregates (CPA) and progression of visual field loss in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. CPA was determined in 27 patients with open-angle glaucoma with nonprogressive visual field loss and 15 patients with open-angle glaucoma and progression of visual field loss. Intraocular pressure (IOP) under topical therapy was < 18 mmHg in all patients. CPA in glaucoma patients with progression of visual field loss was not significantly higher than those without visual field progression (p = 0.59). In conclusion, our study shows that increased platelet aggregability is not solely responsible for progression of visual field loss in glaucoma patients, and indicates the role of IOP in the pathogenesis of visual field loss.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2002

Evaluation of the intraocular pressure-reducing effect of latanoprost as monotherapy in open-angle glaucoma.

Objective of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure-reducing effect of latanoprost as monotherapy after replacing current dual therapy in glaucoma patients. The 6-months study comprised 189 patients with primary open angle glaucoma who were treated at least 6 months with two different kind of topical medications (beta-blockers, pilocarpine, dorzolamide and brimonidine). Due to local side effects, multiple dosing regime and inadequately controlled intraocular pressure (IOP), they where switched to latanoprost 0.005% monotherapy. After switched to latanoprost, mean (IOP) was measured at baseline, after 15 days, 2 and 6 months of treatment. After six-months 178 patients had completed the study. These analyses enrolled all patients (n = 189), thus, the Intention-To-Treat (ITT) results were shown instead of the results of the reduced population. IOP was clinically importantly reduced from baseline level. Five patients had uncontrolled IOP. The difference between IOP before (21.9 +/- 2.4) and after 15 days (17.4 +/- 1.7), 2 months (16.7 +/- 1.8) and 6 months (16.6 +/- 1.4) was statistically significant (p < 0.001). 90% patients has reached target IOP < or = 18 mm. A conjunctional hyperaemia in 18 (9%), stinging and itching in 7 (4%) patients was reported. Increased iris pigmentation was seen in 3 (2%) patients. The results of this study indicate that dual therapy in open-angle glaucoma can effectively be replaced by latanoprost monotherapy in many patients.

Antihypertensive Agents↗

PubMed2002

Visco and phacoviscocanalostomy in managing glaucoma patients.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a nonfiltering glaucoma technique viscocanalostomy alone or in combination with small incision phacoemulzification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. From January 1999 to February 2001 viscocanalostomy was performed in 18 patients with medically uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma. In 10 patients with cataract and primary open angle glaucoma combined operation phacoemulsification and viscocanalostomy was performed. The mean IOP reduction remained statistically significant after 12 months in both groups (p < 0.01). There was also a significant decrease in the antiglaucoma medications in both groups postoperatively. Perforation of trabeculo-Descemet's membrane occurred in two eyes with POAG and the procedure was completed as trabeculectomy, and those patients were excluded from the study. Good hypotensive effect with very low complications rate was achieved. Such a low complication rate makes this operation particularly attractive to surgeons who perform an increasing number of operations in outpatient's bases.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Acute angle-closed glaucoma and meteorological factors in Split, Croatia.

This study is a retrospective analysis of medical findings of patients treated at the Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Split, Croatia in the period of 1995-1999. Seventy-three cases of acute closed-angle glaucoma were analyzed and compared in relation to the meteorological factors--hours of sunshine, air temperature and atmospheric pressure. No significant statistical correlation was found between the development of acute closed-angle glaucoma and air temperature, atmospheric pressure and mean sunshine hours in all months, except in November (z = 2.1; p = 0.03). The mean daily sunshine hours on the day of the acute closed-angle glaucoma onset were found to be lower than the mean monthly sunshine hours. An increased incidence of acute closed-angle glaucoma was found in the the winter months (chi 2 = 14.4; p < 0.01). Seasonal variations of the incidence of acute closed-angle glaucoma in Split cannot be directly attributed to the meteorological factors, although the correlation between acute glaucoma and sunshine seems to have a slightly inverse ratio.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Syndroma: glaucoma pigmentatum primarium--pigmented glaucoma.

In this study pigmented glaucoma was diagnosed in 29 out of 4350 patients suffering from glaucoma. In clinical analysis of those cases main attention was put on Krukenberg spindle with emphasis on the process and reason of its development. In all cases of Krukenberg spindle moderate myopia and myopic astigmatism were present. The main axis of the spindle lies in the principal meridian of corneal astigmatism. The principal meridian of the anterior cornea surface corresponds with the axis of the principal meridian of the posterior corneal surface. The higher degree of astigmatism more pronounced Krukenberg spindle. This corresponds to a number of cases in which the spindle is hardly recognisable in the astigmatism, of only +/- 0.25 to +/- 0.50 Dcyl. The axis of meridian corresponds to direct astigmatism (from 110 degrees to 70 degrees). The authors conclude that there is no pigmented Krukenberg spindle without myopic astigmatism. It is for this reason and because of the inheritance factor that this type of glaucoma should be considered primary glaucoma and a separate clinical entity.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Hypertensive retinopathy and pre-eclampsia.

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between hypertensive retinopathy and the severity of pre-eclampsia. Forty women with pre-eclampsia, mean age 29.1 (+/- 7.4; range, 19-44) years, were retrospectively analyzed. They were treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Clinical Hospital Split, from January 1997 to December 1999. The mean age of gestation was 36.0 +/- 2.8 weeks (range, 28-39). Pre-eclampsia was classified according to Goecke. Based on the ophthalmoscopic fundus examinations the patients were divided into four groups, according to Keith-Wagner classification system of grading retinal changes. Of 40 analyzed women, 18 (45%) had ophthalmologically verified hypertensive retinopathy. Ten of them were classified as grade I, six as grade II and two as grade III. Twenty-two patients had mild pre-eclampsia, ten patients had moderate pre-eclampsia, and eight patients had severe pre-eclampsia. A statistically significant correlation (t-test) was found between the degree of hypertensive retinopathy and patient age, Apgar score, trophism, Goecke's index, proteinuria, systolic and diastolic pressure (P < 0.001) and edema (P = 0.01). The degree of hypertensive retinopathy was directly proportional with the severity of pre-eclampsia and significant correlation was found between them (r = 0.338, p = 0.033). These findings showed that the degree of hypertensive retinopathy in women with pre-eclampsia is a valid and reliable prognostic factor in determining the severity of the pre-eclampsia. Therefore, it can be concluded that the examination of the fundus is a valuable and necessary diagnostic procedure in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Comparison of chlorthalidone, propranolol and bopindolol in six-month treatment of arterial hypertension.

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that prolonged treatment of mild to moderate hypertension with low-dose thiazide diuretics or beta blockers does not induce any of the major untoward biochemical changes, such as hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia and electrolyte imbalances. The effect of these drugs was analyzed in 100 outpatients (52 males and 48 females) aged 52.0 +/- 7.9 years with mild to moderate hypertension, in a prospective 6-month study. After an appropriate workup, the patients were randomized to either 25 mg chlorthalidone (40 patients), 120 mg propranolol (30 patients), or 2 mg per day bopindolol (30 patients). A significant reduction of approximately 10% in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was recorded in all the groups. At the end of the 6th month, in the chlorthalidone group triglycerides increased to 3.0 +/- 2.1 mmol/l from 2.8 +/- 1.6 mmol/l, while cholesterol after an initial increase to 6.6 +/- 1.6 from 6.4 +/- 1.6 mmol/l returned to the baseline level. Uricemia and serum potassium concentration decreased by 4%. The body weight was reduced to 83.8 +/- 13.4 kg from 86.1 +/- 13.4 kg. There was no change in serum glucose level. In the propranolol group, as expected, heart rate decreased by 20%, but there were no significant changes in glucose and potassium plasma concentration. Triglycerides did not change significantly, while cholesterol, after a small increase, returned to the initial levels. Similar results were obtained in the bopindolol group, apart from the triglycerides, which increased significantly (to 2.5 +/- 1.1 from 2.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/l), probably because of the lower baseline concentration. We conclude that in prolonged treatment, chlorthalidone, propranolol and bopindolol do not induce significant untoward biochemical changes that alone might increase cardiovascular risk.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Intraocular pressure and visual field defects.

During a five-year study period, therapeutic levels of intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual field defects were assessed in 108 patients with open-angle glaucoma. In a group of 53 glaucoma patients with non-progressive visual field changes (mean age 65.2 +/- 6.3 years), the IOP level was 15.8 +/- 2.6 mm Hg, whereas in a group of 58 patients with progressive visual field changes (mean age 68.7 +/- 8.3 years) the IOP level was 19.9 +/- 2.9 mm Hg. Study results suggested that preservation of the visual field in glaucoma patients requires therapeutic IOP levels of < 16 mm Hg.

Disease Progression↗

PubMed1997

Venous tone in glaucoma and hypertension.

The aim of this study was the assessment of physiological venous reflexes in systemically hypertensive and normotensive subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma. The experimental group consisted of 20 normotensive and 20 untreated systemically hypertensive patients with open-angle glaucoma. The control group consisted of 31 volunteers divided into two subgroups: 16 control normotensives and 15 untreated hypertensives. The assessment of venous tone changes was performed by testing venous reflexes. Venoconstriction responses to physiological stimuli were significantly decreased in normotensive glaucoma patients, compared to normotensive controls [for the Valsalva manoeuvre 93.4 +/- 80.2 vs. 413.3 +/- 335.4 venoconstrictive units (VCUs), p = 0.02, and for a deep breath 89.1 +/- 100.1 vs. 316.8 +/- 343.2 VCUs, p = 0.03]. The intensity of venous reflexes in hypertensive glaucoma patients did not differ significantly from that seen in hypertensive controls, due to a significantly weaker flex venoconstriction in hypertensive controls when compared to normotensive controls subjects. This study confirmed the presence of venous dysregulation in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma and visual field loss as a part of an autonomic dysfunction. Systemic hypertension does not make this condition worse.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Venous reflex testing in glaucoma.

The aim of this study was the assessment of physiological venous reflexes in open angle glaucoma. The study was carried out by a controlled clinical experiment. The experimental group consisted of 17 glaucoma patients with controlled intraocular pressure. The control group consisted of 15 healthy volunteers. The assessment of venous tone changes was performed by means of the test of "venous reflexes". Venoconstriction responses to physiological stimuli were significantly decreased in glaucoma patients (p < 0.05). The results suggested venous dysregulation as part of sympathetic dysfunction in glaucoma.

Glaucoma, Open-Angle↗

PubMed1996

Vinylchloride monomer exposure by the plastic industry workers basic condition for liver angiosarcoma appearance.

The retrospective study of vinylchloridemonomer (VCM) exposure at 37 workers in the period from 1969 till 1987 was done, average time of exposition was 1.843 +/- 1.105 h, average VCM concentration was 543 +/- 228 ppm and average total exposure amount ("cumulative concentration of VCM") was 1.103811 +/- 1.050 766 ppmh at the time of autoclave cleaning 0.4 +/- 0.1 h. According updata investigations, high VCM concentration is essential for liver angiosarcoma (ASL) occurrence although the length of exposure is of concern. The possibility of new cases of angiosarcoma of liver is warned about.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Hyperbaric oxygen for the treatment of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

This clinical study tackled the problem of hyperbaric oxygen in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Twenty-one patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Experimental group consisted of 10 patients, who had been previously treated with corticosteroids, without significant success. In four patients with a clinical picture of PNO atrophy, medical steroid treatment failed to any significant improvement in visual acuity. In 6 patients, however, this treatment resulted in a significant improvement of both visual acuity and field of vision. These patients showed further improvement on control testing performed six month later. All patients from the control group were treated with corticosteroids per os and by local application, but without any significant improvement as revealed by visual acuity and visual field testing. Authors' results pointed the possibility of conservative treatment of patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, especially those in whom steroid therapy had proved inefficient.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Relation between the quantity, type and duration of alcohol drinking and the development of alcoholic liver cirrhosis].

Patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis in Dalmatian region are presented in this paper and their social and medical characteristics are reviewed. The alcohol drinking habits of 211 patients with established clinical-laboratory criteria of alcoholic liver cirrhosis were investigated. The obtained results have been compared with the results of the control group. The average age of the patients was 51.6 years. Males were more numerous (2/3 of all examinees), while the average duration of alcohol consumption was 25.4 years. Wine was the most frequently consumed beverage (about 90% of cases) and the average daily intake was 151 g of pure alcohol. The authors prove by mathematical model that the occurrence of liver cirrhosis increases exponentially with the increase of the amount of alcohol consumed. Relative risk of the development of alcoholic liver cirrhosis increases many fold with the increase of the amount of alcohol consumed.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1994

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen on visual functions in ischaemic optic neuropathy.

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy were studied in nine patients with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, who had been unsatisfactorily treated with corticosteroids. In four patients with signs of optic disc atrophy there was no improvement of visual functions after hyperbaric oxygen treatment, whereas in the other five patients, who had no signs of optic disc atrophy, visual acuity and visual field improved. The achieved improvements were maintained at a control examination six months later. Results suggest that hyperbaric oxygen might be a new remedy for the selected cases of non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy and call for a controlled clinical study aiming to accurately assess its efficacy.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

The effect of hyperbaric oxygen breathing on the visual field in glaucoma.

Following the hypothesis that chronic ischemia is the main cause of functional deficiency in glaucoma, a double blind clinical experiment was carried out to study the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation in 51 glaucoma subjects, of which 31 were in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. In the experimental group there was a significant improvement of visual fields (p < 0.05), whereas there was no change in the subjects in the control group. Hyperbaric oxygen did not have any influence on intraocular pressure. The achieved visual field improvements remained stable for 3 months (p < 0.05), except for I3 and I4 isopters of the left eye and I4 isopter of the right eye, while they were considerably reduced after 6 months (p > 0.05).

Aged↗