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Biomedical subjects

L Benson

Publications and source records attributed to L Benson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Balloon aortic valvuloplasty: results of the Valvuloplasty and Angioplasty of Congenital Anomalies Registry.

Data from 204 children and infants who underwent aortic balloon valvuloplasty between 1982 and 1986, reported to the Valvuloplasty and Angioplasty of Congenital Anomalies Registry, were reviewed. Valvuloplasty was successful in 192 of 204 children, reducing the peak systolic left ventricular ejection gradient from 77 +/- 2 to 30 +/- 1 mm Hg, p less than 0.001. The same degree of aortic stenosis gradients reduction was noted in both the 38 children under 1 year of age and in the 166 children over 1 year of age. Significant complications included death, aortic regurgitation and femoral artery thrombosis or damage. The incidence of these complications correlated with the age of the child, the ratio of valvuloplasty balloon size/anulus size, or both. The data suggest that percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty provides effective acute relief of valvar aortic stenosis in both infants and children. However, long-term follow-up data are necessary before balloon valvuloplasty can be established as a treatment of choice for congenital valvar aortic stenosis.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1990

Effect of cystine loading and cystine dimethylester on renal brushborder membrane transport.

The effect of loading renal tubule cells with cystine was studied by incubating them with cystine dimethylester. Proline uptake into brushborder membrane vesicles isolated from the cystine loaded cells was not different from that observed into brushborder vesicles isolated from tubules incubated in buffer alone. Incubating brushborder membranes with 2 mM cystine dimethylester for 10 minutes reduced the uptake of proline by 27% after 15 seconds of incubation and by 21% after 60 seconds of incubation. There was no effect after 20 minutes of incubation. Pre-incubating brushborder membrane vesicles with cystine dimethylester had no statistically significant effect on the affinity of proline for the carrier, but did reduce the maximal rate of proline uptake by 49%.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Bupivacaine use after knee arthroscopy: pharmacokinetics and pain control study.

Bupivacaine (Marcaine) pharmacokinetics were determined in 11 patients receiving the drug intraarticularly after arthroscopic procedures performed on the knee with patients under general anesthesia. Forty milliliters of 0.25% bupivacaine (100 mg) were given as a bolus into the intraarticular space of the knee of each patient. The thigh tourniquet was released 2-3 min after injection and blood samples were obtained 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 250, and 300 min after tourniquet release. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained were (mean +/- SD): Vd beta 206 +/- 88 L; Cle 0.816 +/- 0.378 L/min; t 1/2 beta 189 +/- 84 min; ka 9.92 +/- 6.79 x 10/min; Cpmax 0.48 +/- 0.20 micrograms/ml; and tmax 43.4 +/- 23.1 min. Correlations between higher peak plasma concentrations and longer tourniquet times (p = 0.02) and shorter intervals from injection to tourniquet deflation (p = 0.03) were found using multiple linear regression. Our results indicate that injections of 100 mg of bupivacaine intraarticularly after knee arthroscopy will produce peak blood levels within the 1st h after surgery and that these levels will be well below those noted to produce toxic reactions. Peak levels can be minimized with shorter tourniquet inflation times and with longer injection to tourniquet release intervals. Ninety healthy adult outpatient knee arthroscopy patients also were studied to evaluate the effectiveness of bupivacaine in relieving postoperative knee discomfort when injected immediately postoperatively. The subjects were randomized into four groups: (a) intraarticular injection of saline, (b) intraarticular injection of bupivacaine, (c) subcutaneous injection of bupivacaine at the portal sites, and (d) both intraarticular and subcutaneous injection of bupivacaine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Laparoscopic appearance of the liver in Schistosoma mansoni infection.

In an area endemic for Schistosoma mansoni infection laparoscopy was performed in 45 patients with liver disease. Hepatic schistosomiasis was diagnosed by histology in 20 cases. The only complication encountered was unusual bleeding from the biopsy site in one patient. Liver lobe size was variable. Mild uniform irregularity of the liver surface was seen in most of the patients. Other changes noted were macronodularity, lumpy surface, tiny white tubercles, white patchy discoloration, and thick and thin adhesions. Characteristic features of the liver surface in Schistosoma mansoni infection as seen on laparoscopy are thus described.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Importance of neutralizers in the stripping fluid in a simulated healthcare personnel handwash.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) healthcare personnel handwash procedure allows for the use of a non-neutralizing stripping fluid after washing with an antimicrobial handwash product. The antimicrobial in the handwash product can remain active up until the time of neutralization or plating. A modified healthcare personnel handwash procedure using a pigskin substrate and a 4% chlorhexidine gluconate handwash product was used to demonstrate the need for a neutralizer in the stripping fluid. When tests were run with and without neutralizers in the dilution blanks, but with adequate neutralizers in the stripping fluid, there were no significant differences (p greater than .05) between results obtained after five washes or after each wash. When tests were run with a non-neutralizing stripping fluid, significant differences were noticed in the first and the fifth wash (p less than .05), and in the presence or absence of neutralizers in the dilution blanks (p less than .05). The data generated indicate that in order to determine the true activity of an antimicrobial handwash product, an adequate neutralizer should be incorporated into the stripping fluid and not just the dilution media. They also suggest that neutralizer carry-over from the stripping fluid is not a valid concern.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1990

The effects of surfactant systems and moisturizing products on the residual activity of a chlorhexidine gluconate handwash using a pigskin substrate.

A series of handwashing experiments using a pigskin substrate and Serratia marcescens as the contaminant compared the residual activity of a chlorhexidine detergent handwash product alone and in combination with anionic and nonionic-based moisturizing products and surfactant systems. The anionic based moisturizing products and the anionic surfactant system almost completely destroyed the residual antibacterial activity of the chlorhexidine, while the nonionic-based products had minimal effect.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

Impaired secretion of parathyroid hormone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to inflammatory activity.

Hypocalcaemic tests, employing infusion of EDTA over 1 h, were performed in 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 14 healthy controls. The basal levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were not significantly different in the two groups. The RA patients displayed a markedly impaired PTH response during infusion of EDTA compared with the controls although the reduction of plasma ionized calcium was similar. The PTH response was furthermore significantly, inversely, related to the inflammatory activity measured as sedimentation rate (r = 0.65; P less than 0.01), i.e. the more pronounced the inflammation, the less the capacity to secrete PTH. Since secretion of PTH is related to the intracellular calcium concentration of the parathyroid cells, these findings are in line with previous observations of a higher intracellular calcium content in inflammatory disease. They also support the earlier indications of reduced bone turnover in inflammatory arthritides. An insufficient parathyroid function could be one factor contributing to bone disease in these conditions.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1989

Use of subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsy specimen for detailed typing of amyloid fibril protein-AL by amino acid sequence analysis.

A simple technique for the purification of amyloid fibril proteins from patients with systemic amyloidosis was used on a 45 year old woman. The method is based on the use of a surgical subcutaneous fat tissue biopsy specimen which was used for the characterisation of the amyloid as a kappa I AL-protein by amino acid sequence analysis. The method permits the exact typing of amyloid in many patients with systemic amyloidosis, which, until now has been almost exclusively confined to necropsy tissue.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

A health promotion program: Staying Healthy After Fifty.

In this article, a description of how a comprehensive health promotion program for older adults was developed, tested with a quasi-experimental study design, and then revised to become a nationwide AARP and Red Cross program is presented. Teaching and learning methods used in the course are described with supporting education and behavioral theory. The course content for instructors, facilitators, and course participants is outlined. The key elements in the preparation of instructors and facilitators are identified. Results of the implementation of the program are given.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1989

Training of persons for the delivery of the Staying Healthy After Fifty Program.

The process by which volunteers were selected and trained to conduct a national health promotion program for older Americans, Staying Healthy After Fifty (SHAF), is described in this article. Feedback was elicited from participants (N = 210) concerning the training they received in educational team workshops using pre and postwork-shop questionnaires. The areas of focus during training were: medical issues, lifestyle and consumer issues, and class management and process skills. Information regarding the quality of the training procedures was also collected. In addition, 50 educational teams supplied data for a field evaluation which covered the content of the SHAF program and the educational materials and methods used. The results of the evaluation of the training of persons to deliver SHAF indicated that the team approach used was successful in delivering the program effectively to consumers and in establishing a network of high quality instructors.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the Staying Healthy After Fifty educational program: impact on course participants.

A study to evaluate the impact of a medical self-care program on older adults was conducted. The test group (n = 161) participated in an 11-session educational intervention with training in clinical skills, lifestyle, and the use of health services. The comparison group (n = 164) received no intervention. The test group was assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention, and six months post-intervention and the comparison group was assessed at corresponding intervals. The results indicated that medical self-care instruction produces substantial improvements in health-related knowledge, health skills performance, and health actions. This study produced no evidence, however, that medical self-care instruction has any effect on health status, the utilization of medical care, or other aspects of life quality.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Duodenal involvement in Schistosoma mansoni infection.

Intestinal involvement in Schistosoma mansoni infection is usually confined to the ileum and colon. Duodenal infestation was diagnosed in a patient with recurrent schistosomiasis despite treatment who presented with a postoperative small bowel fistula. Duodenal schistosomiasis can be suspected on endoscopy, but must always be confirmed by biopsy.

Adult↗