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Biomedical subjects

L Barbara

Publications and source records attributed to L Barbara.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Double blind controlled trial with oxmetidine and cimetidine in the short-term treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Clinical efficacy and safety of oxmetidine (400 mg b.i.d.), a new potent specific H2-receptor antagonist, and cimetidine (1 g/day) were compared in a double-blind randomized trial of 4 weeks duration that involved 39 outpatients with endoscopically proven active duodenal ulcer. The disappearance of the ulcer crater leading to complete reepithelization of the bulbs or to the presence of erosions occurred in 17 out of 19 (89.6%) patients treated with oxmetidine, and in 13 out of 20 (65.0%) patients treated with cimetidine (n.s.). Ulcer symptoms and antacid consumption were not different in two groups. No side effects or significant haematological or biochemical abnormalities were found. Both drugs failed to evoke significant changes in the basal levels of prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropins. The higher, though not significant, percentage of healing obtained with oxmetidine had no clinical relevance and needs to be demonstrated in a larger number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Serum bile acids in newborns and children.

A specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay for cholic, chenodeoxycholic, and lithocholic acid conjugates and for sulfolithocholylglycine was used to measure serum bile acids (BA) in infants and children. Elevated cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid values were observed in the first year of life in fasting infants. Newborn babies presented high levels of primary BA not correlated with those of the mothers. In premature newborn babies who had not yet been fed, meal induced a considerable reduction in the primary BA levels in serum. In normally fed babies, meal induced a significant increase in the primary BA levels in serum. These data suggest a progressive maturity throughout the first year of life of the serum BA determinants, i.e., gallbladder emptying, intestinal motility and absorption, and hepatic uptake.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1980

Effect of various stimulants and inhibitors of gastric acid secretion on mucosal potential difference in man.

Pentagastrin and histamine in doses effective in stimulating gastric acid secretion (5 microgram/kg/h intravenously and 25 microgram/kg intramuscularly, respectively) produce a significant decrease in the gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) in man. In contrast, atropine and cimetidine (2 mg/30 min intravenously and 4.5 mg/kg/h intravenously respectively) cause a significant increase in gastric PD. The subsequent or simultaneous administration of cimetidine reverses the effect of the stimulating agents on gastric PD and pH. Similarly, the subsequent administration of pentagastrin reverses the effect of atropine. The intragastric instillation of 100 c HCl 0.1 N increases significantly the gastric PD valuesp in this case the patterns of PD and pH changes are dissimilar. This study indicates that substances that modify gastric acid secretion also induce changes in gastric PD; this last effect does not seem to depend on variations of the intragastric pH. Therefore, in the clinical evaluation of the gastric PD in man, its multifactorial origin must alway be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Results with six "kit" radioimmunoassays for primary bile acids in human serum intercompared.

We examined six radioimmunoassay procedures for measuring primary bile acids in human serum (two 3H-labeled and four 125I-labeled). A significant (p < 0.01) correlation was observed between measurements in the assay both for cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, at low and high concentrations of serum bile acids. All kits were acceptable with respect to accuracy, precision, stability, and analytical recovery. All six procedures gave similar results for chenodeoxycholic and cholic acid in sera of 80 healthy subjects; the agreement was also close when the two primary bile acids were compared with their sum in serum. Normal values ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 mumol/L for conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid and from 0.3 to 1.5 mumol/L for conjugated cholic acid. The 125I assays do not require liquid-scintillation equipment but 125I induces a decrease in the affinity constant of antibody. The sensitivity of the assays was still adequate for measuring bile acids in the serum of healthy fasting persons and liver-disease patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Kinetics of 14C-cholic acid in the baboon under normal conditions and in cholestasis. Description and validity of a multicompartmental model].

A multicompartmental model was applied to the study of the plasmatic and biliary kinetics of the 14C-Cholic acid intravenously injected into a baboon in normal and cholestatic condition. For the evaluation of transfer rates FORTAN IV procedures were used, utilizing Powell method. The degree of fitting was: in normal condition in serum 7% for free and 35% for conjugated Cholic acid, while in bile 5% and 4% respectively; in serum in cholestatic condition 7% for free and 12% for conjugates. The high degree of fitting and reliable estimation of transfer rates suggest that the multicompartmental model applied represents most likely the physio-pathological conditions studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid administration on biliary lipid composition and bile acid kinetics in cholesterol gallstone patients.

The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on bile lipid composition and bile acid kinetics was evaluated in seven cholesterol gallstone patients following one month of UDCA administration (12 mg/kg/day). UDCA administration induces a significant reduction in the cholesterol saturation index (SI). After UDCA treatment, UDCA becomes the predominant biliary bile acid while chenodeoxycholic, cholic, and deoxycholic acid are significantly reduced. UDCA pool significantly increases, and chenodeoxycholic, cholic, and total bile acid pools significantly decrease. The reduction in bile lithogenicity during UDCA administration suggests that UDCA may be useful for cholesterol gallstone treatment in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Methylene blue dye spraying method in patients with ulcerative proctitis: a comparative study with morphological findings and functional capacity of the rectal epithelium.

Methylene Blue dye spraying method is currently used in the endoscopic assessment of the colonic mucosa of patients with chronic ulcerative proctocolitis. We have assessed the validity of this method in the evaluation of the functional capacity of the rectal mucosa in 17 patients with ulcerative proctitis and in 5 normal subjects. The ionic transmucosal fluxes of Na+ and K+ and the potential difference were used as parameters of the mucosal function. Our results indicate that methylene blue dye spraying method can be useful in the functional assessment of the rectal epithelium, especially for differentiating normal subjects and patients with mild ulcerative proctitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial, First of two parts.

Eighty-four patients with endoscopically-proved active duodenal ulcer were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine tablets (25 mg three times per day for 1 week followed by 25 mg two times per day for 3 weeks) or placebo. Seventy-nine patients completed the trial, 44 treated with pirenzepine and 35 with placebo. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 52% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 34% of the placebo-treated ones. Symptomatic responses were signigicantly better in those receiving pirenzepine than in those receiving placebo. In addition, the supplementary antacid consumption was significantly lesser in the pirenzepine group than in the placebo group. No important side-effects were observed in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial. Second of two parts.

Ninety-six patients with endoscopically proved active duodenal ulcers were admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day, 25 mg in the morning and midday and 50 mg at bed time) or placebo for 4 weeks. Ninety-two patients (46 in each group) completed the trial. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been achieved in 70% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 32% of the placebo-treated ones (P less than 0.01). No important side-effects and no abnormal changes in blood values or urinalysis were observed during treatment. The difference in the ulcer healing rates observed in the two parts of this multicentre trial is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pirenzepine and carbenozolone in gastric ulcer. Preliminary results of a multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial.

Pirenzepine (PRZ) 75 mg/day for 1 week followed by 50 mg/day for 3 weeks did not show a good activity in gastric ulcer healing in comparison to carbenoxolone (CB) (300 mg/day for 1 week followed by 200 mg/day for 3 weeks). The tolerability of PRZ seemed to be better than that of CB. The increase in the daily dose of PRZ to 100 mg/day for 4 weeks led to better results in the patients who have completed satisfactorily the treatment up to now. PRZ's tolerability was greater than CB's. The results of this study are preliminary to further trial.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗