Being an adolescent with diabetes.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
L Baker
Publications and source records attributed to L Baker.
Randomized prospective trial of pure porcine and conventional bovine/porcine insulin.
Use of pure porcine insulin versus partially purified insulin of bovine/porcine origin might be expected to have certain clinical benefits, e.g., a lower incidence of skin reactions, a lower insulin dosage, better diabetes regulation, and greater preservation of endogenous insulin secretion. To test this hypothesis, we randomly assigned 112 newly diagnosed, untreated, insulin-dependent diabetic children to therapy with either pure porcine or partially purified bovine/porcine insulin. They were followed for 1 yr, data being available on at least 90 subjects at each visit. More skin reactions were found in the group treated with the bovine/porcine insulin. This insulin was of higher antigenicity, and binding of radiolabeled insulin (mean +/- SE) by serum from bovine/porcine insulin treatment was 35.5 +/- 2.6 versus 16.8 +/- 1.4% (P less than .001) for pure porcine insulin treatment 12 mo after initiation of insulin therapy. However, throughout the 12 mo of observation the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin dosage, fasting plasma glucose, and C-peptide concentration were similar for the groups. Reported incidences of hypoglycemia and nocturia were also similar. Thus, insulin-antibody formation and skin reactions were minimized by the use of pure porcine versus partially purified bovine/porcine insulin, but no other clinical advantages were apparent.
Animals↗
Physician-patient communication in chronic illness.
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Chronic Disease↗
Fiber hypertrophy in rat extraocular muscle following lateral rectus resection.
Compensatory hypertrophy of muscle fibers occurs when tension on a skeletal muscle is increased. We looked for this phenomenon in response to strabismus surgery by performing a large right lateral rectus resection in 16 rats. Muscle fiber diameters of all horizontal rectus muscles were measured at 2-week postoperative intervals. Significant fiber hypertrophy occurred in both the antagonist right medial rectus and the resected right lateral rectus within 4 weeks. Fiber diameter subsequently returned to baseline in both muscles. We postulate that fiber hypertrophy in this setting may be a compensatory response to increased elastic load.
Animals↗
Information searching in health care: a pilot study.
Although many academic institutions have attempted to incorporate formal instruction in library skills into their curricula, the question as to the best method of conveying the necessary information has been a continual challenge to health care educators. A library skills workshop, which included the distribution of a workbook, was offered to physical therapy and occupational therapy students in a Bachelor of Health Science program with the aim of assisting students to develop skills in library searches and to perform critical appraisals of the literature. Thirty-three students agreed to participate in a study designed to determine its effectiveness: 24 who had volunteered to attend the workshop formed the experimental group, and 9 who did not attend acted as controls. A Library Skills Questionnaire that attempted to measure cognitive and psychomotor skills in retrieving and appraising health care literature was given to all participants prior to, and at the completion of, the two-session workshop. Nine students in the experimental group did not attend the second session and were then termed "drop-outs" for the purpose of the study. The results show that the drop-outs had statistically significant higher knowledge scores (p = less than 0.05) in their post-test scores in comparison with both the students who attended the two sessions and the students in the control group. One explanation for this finding is that the drop-outs may be better self-directed learners who used the workbook to teach themselves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Canada↗
Voluntary effort.
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Costs and Cost Analysis↗
The relationship between pacifier usage in infants and breastfeeding success.
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Breast Feeding↗
Monoclonal antibodies reacting with colorectal tumours.
25 mouse monoclonal antibodies were screened for cell surface reactivity with colorectal tumours using the indirect immunoperoxidase method. Five antibodies of the IgG subclasses were selected. LICR-LON-M8 was raised against human milk fat globule membrane (HMFGM). The remaining four antibodies 48-1, 3-48-2, 77-1, and 8-30-3 were raised against human bladder metastases. M8, 77-1, and 8-30-3 which showed epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) - like reactivity exhibited greater selectivity for colorectal cancer compared with normal colon. M8 and 77-1 are being evaluated for immunoscintigraphy of colorectal carcinoma.
Animals↗
Phase I trial of ftorafur combined with mitomycin C or methyl-CCNU in gastrointestinal cancers.
Twenty-five patients with disseminated gastrointestinal malignancies were treated in a phase I study with a combination of ftorafur and mitomycin C or florafur and methyl-CCNU. Most patients had been heavily treated previously. Gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and marrow toxicity were manageable. Tumor regression was noted in five of 25 patients. A large-scale phase II study in untreated patients with gastrointestinal malignancies appears indicated with a combination of these agents.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Phase II evaluation of dianhydrogalactitol in lung cancer: a Southwest Oncology Group Study.
A phase II study of dianhydrogalactitol in patients with advanced lung cancer yielded responses in three of 33 patients with adenocarcinoma and in one of 11 patients with large cell anaplastic carcinoma. Small cell and squamous cell carcinomas were unresponsive. Toxic effects were acceptable and were related to serum creatinine values.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Phase II study of 5-azacytidine in solid tumors.
A phase II study utilizing 5-azacytidine in the treatment of patients with solid tumors was carried out by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG-7208). Of 214 patients entered in the study 191 were eligible and 167 were evaluable. While initially they received 225 mg/m2 iv on Days 1--5 every 3 weeks because of toxicity the dose was subsequently reduced to 175mg/m2 and later to 150 mg/m2. Five partial regressions, 2.6% of the eligible patients and 3% of the evaluable patients, lasting from 28 to 77 days were observed. Sixteen patients 8.4% of the eligible patients and 9.6% of the evaluable patients, had no significant change in their disease for 39--255 days. The major toxicities were myelosuppressive and gastrointestinal with 13 deaths attributable to drug toxicity: 11 due to sepsis and two due to cerebral hemorrhage. 5-Azacytidine induced few favorable responses; those that did occur usually were of poor quality and short duration and were associated with significant toxicity.
Azacitidine↗
A new use for focus groups--building and empowering a culturally diverse team.
BACKGROUND: The success of a cultural diversity training program in an acute care health facility was due in large part to the use of the focus group method. METHOD: This method enabled us to identify sensitive issues to be addressed in educational programs for staff. Some of the criteria for successful use of the focus group method applied to our situation. RESULT: We found that much of the traditional wisdom did not necessarily apply in a diversity program. CONCLUSION: Several additional benefits such as ethnic group empowerment and the enhancement of a more team-oriented approach made use of the focus group method a very worthwhile venture for this project.
California↗