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Biomedical subjects

L B Andrews

Publications and source records attributed to L B Andrews.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Control and compensation: laws governing extracorporeal generative materials.

The Vatican Instruction advocates laws banning in vitro fertilization, gamete donation, embryo donation, and surrogate motherhood. The OTA Report Infertility provides a range of policy choices for handling these reproductive procedures. The choice among these alternative regulations needs to be developed within the framework of the right to privacy of the U.S. Constitution, which provides support for an approach that allows the progenitors to control the uses made of their generative materials and to receive compensation for them, subject to laws which facilitate informed consent and attempt to assure quality.

Catholicism↗
PubMed1987

Ethical and legal aspects of in-vitro fertilization and artificial insemination by donor.

All areas of medical practice are shaped by ethical and legal mandates. When a physician provides infertility services, however, ethical and legal concerns reach an even greater prominence. The infertility specialist is in the awesome role of facilitating the creation of new life. A task of that level of importance brings with it responsibilities of an equal magnitude. Clinicians performing in-vitro fertilization and artificial insemination should be especially sensitive to the ethical and legal concerns raised by the selection of patients and donors, the informed consent process, and record-keeping. As reproductive technologies such as these develop, the clinician not only has a duty to monitor their safety and efficacy, but also to provide extensive information to the participants and to society at large to make possible informed decisions about how best to enhance the benefits and avoid the risks of these new technologies.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1986

My body, my property.

Two recent cases raise the question: Should the body be considered a form of property? Patients generally do not share in the profits derived from the applications of research on their body parts and products. Nor is their consent for research required so long as the body part is unidentified and is removed in the course of treatment. A market in body parts and products would require consent to all categories of research and ensure that patients are protected from coercion and given the chance to be paid fairly for their contributions. Such a market might force us to rethink our policies prohibiting organ sales. Donors, recipients, and society will benefit from a market in body parts so long as owners--and no one else--retain control over their bodies.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed1985

The rationale behind the informed consent doctrine.

Court cases and state statutes set forth a physician's responsibilities for providing patients with information about the nature of their illnesses and the risks and alternatives of proposed diagnostic or treatment procedures. Exceptions are made when a particular patient is not competent to participate in the informed consent interchange, when a medical emergency exists, when informing the patient would be harmful, or when the patient expresses a desire not to be informed. Informed consent not only protects an individual's freedom to make health care decisions but, according to empirical studies, the provision of information can provide a physical and psychological benefit to the patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Human in vitro fertilization and the law.

Physicians who intend to perform in vitro fertilization--or the newer alternative, in vivo fertilization and embryo transfer--should be aware of the plethora of laws that potentially cover their work. In perhaps no other area of medicine are there so many separate statutes and regulations that potentially apply. State fetal research laws, abortion statutes, human subject protection laws, and specific in vitro fertilization statutes can determine whether and how the procedure can be undertaken. When donor gametes or a surrogate carrier is used, additional laws governing artificial insemination, paternity, or adoption may come into play to determine the child's legal status and its relationship to the parties involved. This article is designed to guide physicians through the legal maze.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-care and the law.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Government Regulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Legal aspects of genetic information.

The federally funded Human Genome Initiative will lead to the development of new capabilities to learn about an individual's genetic status. Legal issues are raised concerning patients' and other parties' access to that information. This article discusses the effect of existing statutes and case law on three pivotal questions: To what sort of information are people entitled? What control should people have over their genetic information? Do people have a right to refuse genetic information? The article emphasizes that the law protects a patient's right to obtain or refuse genetic information about oneself, as well as the right to control the dissemination of that information to others.

Confidentiality↗