Biomedical subjects
L Arnold
Publications and source records attributed to L Arnold.
Transcutaneous bilirubinometer: an instrument for clinical research.
The transcutaneous bilirubinometer can be an effective instrument for clinical research. With neonatal jaundice occurring in approximately 50-75% of newborns, nurse researchers investigating many important issues surrounding this commonly occurring condition will find the bilirubinometer useful in screening for jaundice, testing effectiveness of various therapeutic modalities, and evaluating clinical progress. This article presents a review of the literature reporting reliability and validity of meter findings and makes recommendations for meter use.
Florida Legislative Process. How a Bill becomes a Law.
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Correlation between DNA topoisomerase II activity and cytotoxicity in pMC540 and merodantoin sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells.
We have shown previously that preactivated merocyanine 540 (pMC540) and merodantoin appear to mediate their cytotoxic effects via interaction with Topo II. Now, we demonstrate a correlation between DNA Topo II activity and drug-sensitive (MCF-7) and -insensitive (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines. Further studies indicate that MDA-MB-231 cells are insensitive to the cytotoxic and DNA cleavage effects of pMC540 and merodantoin. This loss of sensitivity is not associated with M(r) 170,000 P-glycoprotein over expression. However, in drug insensitive cells, the Topo II catalytic activity in crude nuclear extract was reduced two- to-three-fold and in cellular extracts was virtually absent as determined by decatenation of kDNA. Topoisomerase I activities appeared similar in extracts from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Drug-induced DNA cleavage was reduced two-to-threefold in nuclear extracts from MDA-MB-231. m-AMSA was more effective in inhibiting the decatenation activity in the nuclear extracts from MDA-MB-231 as compared to MCF-7 cells. Western blot analysis of whole-cell lysates revealed undetectable immunoreactivity of Topo II in the drug-insensitive cells. These data indicate that insensitivity of MDA-MB-231 to pMC540 and merodantoin is in part due to the reduced drug-induced formation of the cleavage complex and Topo II (170 kD) enzyme content.
Acute care visits and rehospitalization in women and infants after cesarean birth.
This study, conducted as a randomized clinical trial, focuses on acute care visits and rehospitalizations of mothers whose infants were delivered by cesarean section (n = 122) and infants (n = 123) for 8 weeks after hospital discharge. There were three maternal rehospitalizations. Maternal acute care visits were for wound infections or complications (27 of 34); 21 occurred in the first 4 weeks. Seventy-five percent of infant rehospitalizations were for infection or possible infection; 22 of 31 infant acute care visits occurred in first 4 weeks for bilirubin checks and infant care problems, and 21 of 25 visits in weeks 5 to 8 were for infections. Discharge teaching and home care in first 4 weeks after discharge and issues related to infant infections in the second 4-week period may reduce the need for rehospitalizations and acute care visits in both mothers who had cesarean section and their infants.
Incidence and pattern of jaundice in healthy breast-fed infants during the first month of life.
The incidence and pattern of jaundice in 155 normal, full-term, breast-fed, white infants was examined. Infants were screened for jaundice on Days 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 following birth using transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TcB). By Day 3, 49.7% of the infants were classified as jaundiced (> 10 mg/dl). Infants with low TcB indices on Days 2, 3, and 5 never developed jaundice as indicated by elevated TcB indices on Days 7, 9, 11, and 13. Hence, it may be possible to target infants at risk for severe jaundice prior to discharge. The observed rate of 10.3% for breast-milk jaundice (jaundice present at Day 13) is significantly higher than the highest reported rate of 2.4% (z = 6.43, p < .01). Furthermore, the pattern of jaundice in these infants does not appear to have two peaks, indicating that it is not possible to distinguish between exaggerated physiologic jaundice and breast-milk jaundice using TcB.