A review of the 21 cases of "normal" pressure hydrocephalus (N.P.H.) identified by means of radioisotope cisternography, seems to support the basic views of Adams et al. (1965) that a chronic inflammatory disease is an important cause of N.P.H. The clinical and laboratory date made it possible to identify a substantial number of cases affected by N.P.H. in the course of a chronic inflammatory disease; of particular interest were those affected by syphilis. In this connection it seems possible that the symptoms of classical neurosyphilis may be very similar to those often seen in patients with N.P.H.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Viloxazine: its antidepressant action and lack of concomitant anticholinergic effect].

Fourty in-patients suffering from depressive illness were treated with a new antidepressant drug, viloxazine. Apart from the already well-established antidepressant action, the authors emphasize the lack of anticholinergic effects; this illnesses with organic damage where usual antidepressant therapy is contraindicated

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Tick-borne meningoencephalitis (TBE) in Italy].

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Arachnid Vectors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma levels of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) and phenobarbitone (PB) in epileptic patients resistant to drug treatment (author's transl)].

The Authors present and discuss the results obtained by assaying plasma DPH and PB in 123 patients chronically treated with antiepileptic drugs. The subjects examined were considered resistant to medical therapy and were all at their first laboratory control. The data obtained show: 1) the very poor correlation existing between the doses of drugs administered and their actual plasma levels; 2) the very high percentage of patients with DPH and PB plasma levels not in the therapeutic range of these drugs. The Authors discuss some of the most frequent errors in planning chronic therapy with DPH and barbiturates due to the lack of knowledge of drug blood levels.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Isoelectrofocusing on polyacrilamide gel in the study of gamma-globulin changes during neurological illnesses (author's transl)].

Isoelectrofocusing on polyacrilamide gel in the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins is particularly suitable for investigations of gamma-globuline changes in the course of various neurological conditions. This technique makes it possible to recognise three patterns besides the normal one. The first is characterized by a diffuse increase in gamma-globulines with a great number of high density fractions showing uniform distribution in the alkaline pH area. It was observed in a case of Guillain-Barrè syndrome and in two cases of intramedullary tumours. It seems to be due to an alteration in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. The second pattern shows a diffuse increase in the number of fractions and appears uneven owing to a certain amount of higher density bands which stand out clearly. This was observed in one case of tubercolous meningo-encephalytis, in one case of chickenpox encephalytis and one case of cryptococcal meningitis in a patient affected by lymphogranuloma. This pattern is probably due to an alteration of blood-brain as well as of immunological systems. The third pattern presents a clear fractionation of gamma-globulins gathered in a certain number of highly coloured bands, mainly in the most alkaline area of gel. This was observed in all the ten cases of multiple sclerosis and in the only case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. This may be attributed to the intrathecal production of oligoclonal gamma-globulines (Ig.G.).

Blood-Brain Barrier↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Is dementia primarily a subcortical disease? Appraisal of recent biochemical observations.

Recent studies have shown some morphological, structural, metabolic, and biochemical alterations in cortical and subcortical areas of brain of patients with Dementia. In this work we have studied Choline Acetyltransferase activity in cortical and subcortical areas and we present some data that shown a involvement of subcortical structures in Demented brain.

Aged↗