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Biomedical subjects

L Agius

Publications and source records attributed to L Agius.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Obese rats develop hyperketonaemia and a fatty liver during lactation.

Lactating rats made obese before conception by feeding high energy foods show a decreased rate of lipogenesis in vivo in mammary gland, but not in liver. Obese lactating rats have an increased hepatic fat content, together with moderate increase in blood ketone bodies. It is suggested that these changes are due to mobilization during lactation of the expanded adipose tissue lipid pool in the obese rats which results in overloading the liver with fatty acids. The concomitant increase in ketone body concentrations may inhibit glucose utilization and hence lipogenesis in the lactating mammary gland of obese rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effects of orthovanadate on fatty acid synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes.

Extracellular Ca2+ stimulated fatty acid synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. Orthovanadate (0.2--2.0 mM), an inhibitor of Ca2+-dependent ATPases, stimulated fatty acid synthesis in both the presence and the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Insulin stimulated fatty acid synthesis only in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. The contribution of extracellular Ca2+ to insulin stimulation of fatty acid synthesis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The utilization of ketone bodies by the interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat.

The activities of 3-oxo acid-CoA transferase (EC 2.8.3.5, 13-15 micromol/min per g) and acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9, 18-21 micromol/min per g) in interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat are comparable to the activities reported for heart and kidney. The incorporation of D-3-hydroxy[3-14C]butyrate into lipid in vivo was about 30-fold higher in interscapular brown adipose tissue than in white adipose tissue of virgin rats. In lactating rats, the mammary gland was the major site of ketone body incorporation into lipid and incorporation of D-3-hydroxy-[3-14C]butyrate into lipid in brown adipose tissue was lower than in virgin rats. After an oral load of medium chain triacylglycerol, which inhibits lipogenesis in lactating mammary gland, the incorporation of ketone bodies into lipid was decreased in mammary gland but increased in brown adipose tissue. The rate of oxidation of D-3-hydroxy[3-14C]butyrate by brown adipose tissue slices in vitro was higher than the rate of incorporation into lipid.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1981

Rates of triacylglycerol entry into the circulation in the lactating rat.

The rate of entry of triacylglycerols into the circulation in lactating rats decreased after parturition and increased in mid-lactation. The decrease in entry rate after parturition may contribute to the disappearance of the hyperlipaemia of pregnancy. A method is described for the determination of the rate of entry in vivo of both triacylglycerols and lipid synthesized de novo.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Rapid inhibition of lipogenesis in vivo in lactating rat mammary gland by medium- or long-chain triacylglycerols and partial reversal by insulin.

An intragastric load of medium- or long-chain triacylglycerols inhibited lipogenesis in lactating rat mammary gland in vivo by 82 or 89% respectively. This inhibition was reversed partially by insulin administration. Long-chain triacylglycerols inhibited hepatic lipogenesis in vivo but medium-chain triacylglycerols increased it 2-fold. Glucose utilization in vitro by mammary gland acini from triacylglycerol-fed rat was normal.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

Lipogenesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue of virgin, pregnant and lactating rats. The effects of intragastric feeding.

Lipogenesis in brown adipose tissue of virgin rats increased 8--10-fold after intragastric feeding with glucose or medium-chain triacylglycerol, and this increase was prevented by short-term insulin deficiency. Brown adipose tissue increased in weight during pregnancy, regressed during lactation and hypertrophied again on weaning; the rate of lipogenesis paralleled these changes. Glucose did not increase brown-adipose-tissue lipogenesis at mid-lactation.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1980

Impaired lipogenesis in mammary glands of lactating rats fed on a cafeteria diet. Reversal of inhibition of glucose metabolism in vitro by insulin.

In lactating rats fed on a cafeteria diet (chow plus palatable high-energy foods) the decreased glucose uptake and lipogenesis in vitro in acini correlated with the depressed mammary-gland lipogenesis in vivo. Insulin in vitro restored the rate of glucose uptake and its conversion to lipid to values approaching those for acini from rats fed on the chow diet alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Alterations in the rate of lipogenesis in vivo in maternal liver and adipose tissue on premature weaning of lactating rats: a possible regulatory role of prolactin.

Removal of pups for 24 h from rats at peak lactation decreased 3H2O incorporation into lipid in vivo in mammary gland by 95%, whereas it was increased in liver (77%) and adipose tissue (330%). These increases were prevented by administration of prolactin. Plasma insulin increased 3-fold on weaning and this was partially prevented by prolactin.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Photodynamic action of bonellin, an integumentary chlorin of Bonellia viridis, Rolando (Echiura, Bonelliidae).

1. The photodynamic activity of bonellin, an integumentary chlorin of Bonellia viridis, is investigated. 2. 10(-6) M bonellin solutions haemolyze erythrocytes only in the presence of light. Previous illumination (tungsten lamp 2000-4000 lux for 1 hr) of the bonellin solutions does not affect the results. Under lowered oxygen tensions the bioactivity is depressed. Benzoquinone and singlet oxygen quenchers delay the photodynamic effect. 3. Bonellin (2 x 10(-6) M) destroys echinoid gamete function, depresses oxygen uptake of spermatozoa, and arrests development of echinoid and Bonellia eggs. These effects are produced only in the presence of light. 4. Copper bonellin is not photodynamically active. The role of copper may be to protect against photosensitization.

Animals↗