Biomedical subjects

L A Cox

Publications and source records attributed to L A Cox.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of LDL receptor gene marker associated with altered levels of LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in baboons.

We are studying the genetic factors underlying the common forms of heart disease by identifying genes that affect normal variations in plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein concentrations in baboons. For these studies we are using cloned human gene probes to identify restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) at loci encoding the proteins of cholesterol metabolism. In this report we present the identification and mapping of a polymorphic Ava II cleavage site in intron 17 of the baboon low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene. We determined genotypes for this RFLP on a population of 253 pedigreed baboons and assessed the effect of LDL receptor RFLP genotypes on serum concentrations of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apo B). These measures were obtained for each baboon on each of two diets: a low cholesterol, low fat (basal) diet and a high cholesterol, high saturated fat (atherogenic) diet. Statistical analysis detected a significant association between LDL receptor genotype and serum LDL-C and apo B concentrations on both diets. Homozygotes for the rarer allele had lower serum concentrations of LDL-C and apo B than did homozygotes for the common allele, and with the exception of apo B levels on the basal diet, intermediate levels were observed in heterozygotes. The LDL receptor RFLP accounted for approximately 3% to 7% of the variation in serum LDL-C and apo B concentrations on both diets.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Auxology.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Power Doppler imaging: principles and applications.

Power Doppler Imaging (PDI) is a promising new sonographic technique for evaluating the vascular system. PDI uses special processing to display the amplitude or strength of the Doppler signal, rather than velocity and directional information as in conventional color Doppler. This allows a much greater sensitivity in detecting small vessels and slow-moving blood. Currently PDI is being used only in conjunction with color Doppler, but it has proven valuable in many applications.

Brain Ischemia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR angiography of the renal vessels.

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a noninvasive imaging procedure that demonstrates flowing blood in the body by distinguishing moving blood from stationary tissues. This article provides a general overview of MRA with emphasis on its use in the diagnosis of renovascular disease. It also discusses the advantages and limitations of renal MRA compared with conventional angiography.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound evaluation of TIPS placement.

Sonography is a valuable tool for evaluating shunts used to treat variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension. This article defines the protocol for ultrasound imaging of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and abnormal findings associated with TIPS placement. It also discusses common pitfalls in TIPS imaging, including artifacts, echoes and incomplete visualization.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound and twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

This article examines twin-twin transfusion syndrome, a condition in which identical twins share a single placenta with abnormal anastomoses. The syndrome causes unequal blood flow between the twins that, if untreated, is likely to result in the death of one or both. Ultrasound is used to diagnose the syndrome and guide treatment, which may consist of aggressive amniocentesis, endoscopic laser surgery or selective feticide.

Amniocentesis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sonographic assessment of hepatic transplants.

Liver transplantation has become a standard treatment for end-stage liver disease, with survival rates for liver transplant patients increasing steadily. Several imaging techniques are used to evaluate patients for possible complications of liver transplantation. This article focuses on the role of ultrasound and color flow and spectral Doppler in evaluating complications such as fluid collections and vascular or biliary obstructions.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The shaken baby syndrome: diagnosis using CT and MRI.

Head injuries are the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year old, and many of these injuries are the result of child abuse. Violent shaking is a form of child abuse that can cause severe head trauma, particularly to infants. This pattern of injuries is known as shaken baby syndrome (SBS). Although SBS can cause serious injuries such as retinal hemorrhage or subdural hematoma, it is difficult to diagnose because SBS often leaves no external evidence of abuse. This article reviews the most common cranial injuries associated with SBS, describes the mechanism of each injury and presents clinical signs and symptoms. It also investigates the use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose head trauma associated with SBS.

Brain↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Repair of pseudoaneurysms via ultrasound-guided compression.

Pseudoaneurysm formation is one of the potential complications of arterial catheterization. In the past, surgery was the usual method of treatment for pseudoaneurysms. Although surgical repair is still indicated in some cases, a noninvasive procedure called ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR) often can be used instead of surgery. During UGCR, an ultrasound transducer is used to apply compression to the pseudoaneurysm, causing a clot to form. This article describes the UGCR procedure and discusses results that clinicians have attained using this method of pseudoaneurysm repair.

Aneurysm, False↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of acute stroke with diffusion-weighted MRI.

Diffusion-weighted MRI is a new imaging method that can detect acute ischemic stroke within an hour of onset. The first hour following a stroke is crucial, because it is during this time that damaged tissue can be saved. Diffusion-weighted imaging measures the water mobility in tissue. Using these measurements, MRI images can be reconstructed to provide quantified data regarding actual tissue damage. The initial images are obtained using a modified fast spin echo, gradient echo sequence, echo-planar imaging or a navigator echo. These ultrafast sequences are used to eliminate motion artifacts so maximum data can be obtained.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR spectroscopy of Alzheimer disease.

Spectroscopy is a technique that permits noninvasive evaluation of biological metabolites. Used with magnetic resonance imaging, spectroscopy can measure metabolites associated with Alzheimer disease. Researchers are trying to find a distinct connection between the disease and certain metabolites so that an accurate diagnosis can be made during a patient's life. Speculation arises as chemical metabolites present in patients with Alzheimer disease also correlate with other dementia diseases. At present, in vitro and in vivo spectroscopy studies are assessing a baseline for an accurate diagnosis.

Alzheimer Disease↗