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Biomedical subjects

L A Carlson

Publications and source records attributed to L A Carlson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Plasma apolipoprotein pattern in fish-eye disease examined by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis.

We compared the plasma protein patterns of the two living patients suffering from fish-eye disease with those of appropriate controls, using high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Quantitative abnormalities were detected in plasma polypeptides corresponding to the isoforms of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II. The disease was characterized by normal concentrations of proapo A-I but dramatically subnormal concentrations of the other apo A-I isoforms and apo A-II. No significant difference was detected in the concentrations of other plasma proteins. These findings are discussed in relation to other apolipoprotein disorders.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1984

Increase of electrophoretic mobility and of content of soluble proteins of human plasma beta-lipoproteins by incubation of plasma in vitro.

Incubation of human plasma at 37 degrees C was shown to induce an increase in the electrophoretic mobility of beta-lipoproteins. beta-Lipoproteins were isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation after such incubation and their composition was analysed. Incubation decreased the content of free cholesterol and increased that of soluble apolipoproteins. The soluble peptides appearing in LDL upon incubation showed 3 major and 2 minor bands upon polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. Two of the major bands corresponded to apolipoprotein C-III-1 and C-III-2 and one of the minor to apolipoprotein C-II. The addition of an inhibitor to lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) abolished the increase in electrophoretic mobility and to a large extent diminished the other reported effects of incubation. The hypothesis is put forward that during incubation of plasma at 37 degrees C the free cholesterol in the surface of LDL is removed through the action of LCAT, lipid transferases and exchange processes and is replaced in the surface shell by peptides which cause the change in electrophoretic mobility.

Apolipoprotein C-III↗
PubMed1984

Studies of lipoprotein metabolism in a patient with fish-eye disease.

In the rare familial disorder fish-eye disease, hypertriglyceridaemia is associated with elevated levels of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and enrichment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with triglyceride. The kinetic basis of the dyslipoproteinaemia was investigated by studying the metabolism of the apolipoprotein-B moeity of VLDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and LDL in a 68-year-old woman with this condition. The major kinetic abnormality was a pronounced reduction in the rate of fractional conversion of VLDL-B to IDL-B and of IDL-B to LDL-B, suggesting that the dyslipoproteinaemia represents accumulation in plasma of partly degraded products of VLDL metabolism. This kinetic disorder has features in common with type-III hyperlipoproteinaemia. In studies in vitro no defect in the enzyme, activator or substrate components of the lipoprotein lipase or hepatic lipase systems was observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Studies on high density lipoproteins in fish eye disease.

Serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) were isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation from two patients with fish eye disease (FED). Compared to HDL from control subjects the HDL particles of FED were characterized by their abnormally small size and a relative enrichment with polar lipids. No qualitative abnormalities of the HDL apolipoproteins were revealed upon polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing. The plasma pool of apolipoprotein A was reduced by 90%.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Plasma lipid transfer in fish-eye disease.

Fish-eye disease is a familial condition characterized by corneal opacities and dyslipoproteinaemia with, i.a., pronounced enrichment of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) with triglycerides. Cholesterol ester and triglyceride transferase activities in lipoprotein-free plasma have been measured in two patients with fish-eye disease and found to be normal. This indicates that a deficiency of plasma lipid transfer protein is not involved in the abnormal composition of LDL in fish-eye disease.

Cholesterol Esters↗
PubMed1982

Concentrations of apolipoproteins B, C-I, C-II, C-III and E in sera from normal men and their relation to serum lipoprotein levels.

The concentrations of apolipoproteins B, C-I, C-II, C-III and E (by enzyme immunoassay), and cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids both in while serum and in serum very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoproteins, HDL2 and HDL3, were determined in sera from 29 randomly selected normolipidemic men, age 40-60 years, in Stockholm, Mean values, +/- SD, were for, apolipoprotein B, 720 +/- 162; C-I, 63 +/- 14; C-II, 27 +/- 11; C-III, 125 +/- 57; and for E, 25 +/- 6 mg/l. A skewness to the right of the distributions was found for apolipoproteins B and C-II and for serum triglycerides and VLDL lipids. The relations between the different variables were studied by linear correlation analysis. Several significant correlations existed between the lipoprotein levels. Apolipoprotein C-I, C-II and C-III were significantly correlated with each other, whereas neither apolipoprotein B nor apolipoprotein E was correlated with any other apolipoprotein. The following significant, positive correlations existed between the apolipoproteins and total serum lipids and/or lipids of lipoprotein density classes: apolipoprotein B with serum cholesterol and LDL lipids, apolipoprotein C-I with HDL3 cholesterol, apolipoprotein C-II with serum triglycerides and VLDL lipids, apolipoprotein C-III with serum cholesterol and phospholipids. Apolipoprotein E showed no correlation with either serum lipids or lipoproteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fish eye disease: a new familial condition with massive corneal opacities and dyslipoproteinaemia.

Fish eye disease (FED) is characterized by severe corneal opacities, causing impaired vision, and dyslipoproteinaemia: hypertriglyceridaemia, raised levels of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), triglyceride enrichment of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and reduction of high density lipoproteins (HDL). The disease is described in two unrelated families. In both there was a high proportion of low HDL in relatives without eye disease. VLDL, LDL and HDL had normal electrophoretic mobilities. The concentrations of VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides were increased fivefold. LDL cholesterol levels were normal but LDL triglycerides markedly increased. HDL cholesterol was reduced by 90% as were the levels of HDL apolipoproteins. The major part of HDL cholesterol was in the HDL3 fraction. FED HDL were smaller than normal with molecular weights of 115,000 daltons. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity and amount of cholesterol esters in serum were normal. Postheparin lipoprotein and hepatic lipases showed normal or subnormal values. Clinically FED differs from other familial conditions with deficiency of HDL such as Tangier disease, LCAT-deficiency and Milano-AI-apoprotein disease. In spite of the extremely low HDL cholesterol FED is not characterized by premature atherosclerosis. Mechanisms for the dyslipoproteinaemia are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Risk factors for death for males and females. A study of the death pattern in the Stockholm prospective study.

In the Stockholm Prospective Study, 531 male and 163 female deaths had occurred during 14.5 years of observation. Deaths were divided into three categories: "ischemic", "neoplastic" and "other" and their relations to entry characteristics were analyzed. For ischemic vascular deaths age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and triglycerides were independent risk factors for both sexes, while cholesterol and weight/height index were not. For neoplastic deaths age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and ESR were positively and cholesterol and weight/height index negatively associated. This negative association was found especially for colon carcinoma and not for, e.g., prostatic and bronchial carcinoma in men. For other deaths age, blood pressure and ESR were independent risk factors for men, and age, smoking and ESR for women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Composition, concentration, and size of low density lipoproteins and of subfractions of very low density lipoproteins from serum of normal men and women.

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and four subfractions, A, B, C, and D of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), characterized by the following decreasing Sf values, greater than 400, 175-400, 100-175, and 20-100, respectively, were isolated by density gradient preparative ultracentrifugation from serum of normal men and women and analyzed for lipids, total protein, and apoB. The percentage distribution of the triglycerides of VLDL on fractions A to D were 1, 25, 30, and 45%, respectively, for both males and females. The numbers of VLDL particles for males in fractions B to D were 5, 10, and 40 X 10(12) per ml serum, respectively. Females, who had lower VLDL concentrations than males, had half as many particles per ml of serum. The number of LDL particles was similar in males and females and was 10 times that of VLDL. The relative composition of the lipoproteins changed progressively from fraction B to D and from D to LDL. The percentage of triglyceride and soluble proteins fell, due to loss of mass of these constituents from the particles. The percentage of apoB and cholesteryl esters rose; this was not due to an increase of mass but because the particles became smaller. There were no sex differences. The numbers of molecules per particle of the constituents showed a successive decrease from VLDL-B to LDL for triglycerides, free cholesterol, phospholipids, and soluble apolipoproteins, while it remained constant for apoB, as well as for cholesteryl esters from VLDL-C to LDL. These data fit the following hypothesis for the VLDL to LDL cascade. The large VLDL particle successively loses molecules of triglycerides (core) and of soluble protein, free cholesterol, and phospholipids (surface). In this process, VLDL retains its molecules of apoB, and cholesteryl esters are lost from large VLDL but not from medium or small-sized VLDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum triglycerides, to be or not to be a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease?

The Stockholm Prospective Study--in a 14.5 year follow-up of 3486 men--found plasma triglycerides but not plasma cholesterol to be an independent risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the opposite results of the 8.5 year follow-up of the Western Collaborative Group Study. Differences between the two studies are discussed as one way of explaining the varying results--the most important probably being the use of different end-points for the diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease, but geographical, environmental and ethnic differences may also be of importance.

Cholesterol, Dietary↗