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Kiyoshi Mukai

Publications and source records attributed to Kiyoshi Mukai.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Intracortical chondroblastoma mimicking intra-articular osteoid osteoma.

We report a case of intra-articular intracortical chondroblastoma of the femoral condyle which radiologically appeared to be osteoid osteoma. A 19-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of gradually increasing pain in the right knee and had been on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief. Laboratory data were within normal limits. Radiographs showed a well-demarcated lucent lesion in the medial condyle of the right femur. A nidus-like lesion with calcifications and a sclerotic rim located in the cortex was imaged by computed tomography scan. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bone marrow edema and soft tissue swelling around the lesion, with low signal intensity of the nidus-like lesion on both T1- and T2-weighted images. The lesion was excised en bloc and the histological diagnosis of chondroblastoma was made. A mild inflammatory reaction was observed in the bone marrow and synovium around the tumor. The chondroblastoma cells were shown to express cyclooxygenase-2 with immunohistochemistry.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Stromal expression of CD10 in invasive breast carcinoma: a new predictor of clinical outcome.

CD10 is a cell surface neutral endopeptidase that is not consistently expressed in the stromal cells of the normal breast. Expression of CD10 is sometimes observed in the stromal cells of invasive ductal carcinoma, but its clinical significance has never been studied. Immunohistochemical examination of CD10 was performed in 123 cases of breast cancer. The median follow-up period of all patients was 8.0 years, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of stromal CD10 expression. There was no staining in the stromal cells of 13 non-invasive ductal carcinomas or normal breast tissue. Of 110 invasive ductal carcinomas, 20 cases (18%) in which more than 10% of the stromal cells stained positive throughout the cancer tissue were judged "positive". The frequency of positive stromal staining was significantly higher in the cases with axillary lymph-node metastasis ( P=0.038), but there were no correlations between stromal CD10 expression and age, tumor size, histologic grade, or clinical stage. The patients whose tumors contained CD10-positive stromal cells had a shorter metastasis-free interval ( P=0.0008). Univariate analysis demonstrated that patients with lymph-node metastasis also had a significantly shorter metastasis-free interval (metastasis vs no metastasis; P=0.0318). In the multivariate analysis, only CD10 remained a significant predictor for time to recurrence ( P=0.0059), and CD10 was the single significant prognostic factor for overall survival in the univariate analysis ( P=0.0021). These results suggest that stromal expression of CD10 in breast cancer is an important novel prognostic factor.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Angiomyoid proliferative lesion: an unusual stroma-rich variant of Castleman's disease of hyaline-vascular type.

The stroma-rich variant of Castleman's disease of hyaline-vascular type (CDHV) is a newly identified entity that shows overgrowth of a variety of stromal cells. Six CDHV patients showed proliferation of vasculature and actin-positive myoid cells in the expanded interfollicular (IF) area. There were three women and three men, and the median age was 29.5 years. Of the six lesions, four were located in the retroperitoneum, one in the neck, and one in the mediastinum. All patients were asymptomatic. Microscopically, the degree of widening of the IF area varied from slight overgrowth of the IF area (approximately 55% of the lymph node area) to vague nodularity and finally to the formation of prominent nodules. In the nodular lesions, lymph follicles were compressed and attenuated. In the IF area, there were numerous vessels and proliferation of spindle cells that possessed blunt nuclei. The long, slender, dendritic cytoplasms of the spindle cells were stained by alpha smooth muscle actin. The spindle cells were negative for desmin, CD34, factor VIII-related antigen, S-100, CD21, and CD68. No patient has had recurrence after simple excision. We maintain that these angiomyoid proliferative lesions in CDHV are of a hyperplastic nature. This condition encompasses proliferation of small vessels and myoid cells. Its characteristics include an asymptomatic, solitary nodule that predominantly develops in the retroperitoneum.

Actins↗
PubMed2002

Dioxin stimulates synthesis and secretion of IgE-dependent histamine-releasing factor.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; dioxin) is the most toxic man-made member of the class of environmental pollutants represented by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. TCDD produces a wide variety of toxic effects. However, the downstream genes targeted by TCDD and their relation to the diversity of dioxin toxicity symptoms are poorly understood. To identify the target genes of TCDD, we used a cDNA representational difference analysis (RDA) to compare the mRNA patterns of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells that had and had not been exposed to TCDD. Here we show that TCDD stimulated the expression of IgE-dependent histamine-releasing factor (HRF) mRNA via an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent pathway. TCDD also induced the synthesis and secretion of HRF. To our knowledge, this is the first example of HRF being a direct transcriptional target of a toxic agent. HRF has previously been shown to induce histamine release in a dose-dependent manner, at least in vitro. Thus, our data suggest that "endocrine-disrupting" agents may have the potential to influence allergic disorders in the human body.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Frequent microsatellite instability in lung cancer from chromate-exposed workers.

Although chromium has been the most extensively investigated metal with respect to mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, its genetic effects in humans are only partly understood. Our previous study demonstrated that lung cancer from chromate-exposed workers infrequently (20%) displayed p53 gene mutations as well as a particular mutation pattern. In the present study, we examined the replication error (RER) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 38 lung cancers from 28 chromate-exposed workers (chromate lung cancer group) and in 26 lung cancer patients without chromate exposure (non-chromate lung cancer group), using six microsatellite markers containing CA repeats: D3S647 (3p23), D3S966 (3p21.3), D3S1289 (3p21.1), D5S346 (5q21-q22), D9S161 (9p21), and TP53 (17p13.1). The RER phenotype was defined as the presence of microsatellite instability (MSI) at two or more loci. Thirty (78.9%) of 38 tumors in the chromate lung cancer group exhibited RER. In contrast, only four (15.4%) of 26 tumors in the non-chromate lung cancer group exhibited RER. The frequency of RER in the chromate lung cancer group was significantly higher than that in the non-chromate lung cancer group (P < 0.0001). By contrast, the frequency of LOH at 3p, 5q, 9p, and 17p loci in tumors with chromate exposure was not significantly different from that in tumors without chromate exposure. In the chromate lung cancer group, the period of chromate exposure in workers with RER (24.5 +/- 6.7 yr) was significantly longer than that in workers without RER (17.0 +/- 3.5 yr) (P = 0.0046). In addition, a longer period of chromate exposure was associated with a tendency toward a higher frequency of MSI. This finding suggests that MSI may play a role in chromium-induced carcinogenesis. In addition to our previous study of p53 mutations, the present findings suggest that the carcinogenic mechanism of chromate lung cancer may differ from that of non-chromate lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Prognostic significance of fibrotic focus in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: a prospective observational study.

We have already reported invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) with fibrotic focus (FF) to be associated with significantly poorer survival than IDCs without FF. The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the effect of the presence of FF on the outcomes of 439 patients with IDCs to confirm the prognostic significance of FF, by the multivariate analysis, employing the Cox proportional hazard regression model, as compared with well-known clinicopathological parameters. We also precisely evaluated the prognostic significance of FF from the viewpoint of FF characteristics. The present study demonstrated that the presence of FF is a very useful parameter predicting tumor recurrence (TR), as well as initial distant organ metastasis (IDOM), in lymph node-negative IDCs (P =.024 and P =.026) and in IDCs positive for either or both estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) (P =.007 and P =.015), respectively. In addition, FF of >8 mm in diameter was found to be an independent prognostic parameter for TR and IDOM in lymph node-negative patients and patients with IDC positive for either or both ER or PR (P =.005 and P =.018). We conclude that the presence of FF is a very important histologic prognostic parameter for patients with IDCs of the breast.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Demonstration and distribution of tau-positive glial coiled body-like structures in white matter and white matter threads in early onset Alzheimer's disease.

The present report concerns the demonstration and distribution of tau-positive structures in the frontal and temporal white matter of five autopsy cases of early onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). The relationship between white matter lesions and tau positive structures was also investigated. Five early onset AD brains, which had not only unambiguous white matter lesions, but also no or rare atherosclerosis and minimal amyloid angiopathy, were examined. There were several tau-positive coiled body-like structures and many thread-like structures in the white matter, although previous reports showed only a few coiled bodies in the white matter in the AD brain. No relationship was found between the degree of each white matter lesion and number or distribution of tau-positive structures in the white matter. The results suggest that the AD brain has tau-positive structures in the white matter similar to some neurodegenarative brain diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and dementia with grains. However, tau abnormalities may have fewer effects when they are located in white matter lesions in AD.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2002

TLS-CHOP target gene DOL54 expression in liposarcomas and malignant fibrous histiocytomas.

Downstream of the gene for the liposarcoma-associated fusion oncoprotein 54 (DOL54) is a target gene of the myxoid liposarcoma and round cell liposarcoma (M-LPS/RC-LPS) oncogene, TLS/FUS-CHOP. The DOL54 gene product is closely associated with adipogenic differentiation. DOL54 overexpression resulted in tumorigenicity when Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice. The biological significance of DOL54 expression for human malignant soft tissue tumors, however, has not yet been investigated. We examined TLS-CHOP and DOL54 expression in M-LPS/RC-LPS, well-differentiated liposarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), a tumor whose cellular origin has not been determined. We observed DOL54 expression in 50% of M-LPS/RC-LPS cases (in which TLS-CHOP was also expressed) and 33% of MFH cases, suggesting that a portion of MFH lesions may either derive from adipocytic precursor cells or have the potential to undergo adipogenic differentiation. In this manner, M-LPS/RC-LPS and MFH lesions may share tumorigenic characteristics, resulting from the unscheduled expression of DOL54.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed2002

Expression of CD10 by stromal cells during colorectal tumor development.

CD10 is a cell surface metalloprotease expressed by a variety of normal cell types, including lymphoid precursor cells, germinal center B lymphocytes, and some epithelial cells. We noticed that stromal cells of some cancers are positive for CD10. In this study, we investigated the role of CD10 produced by the stromal cells of colorectal neoplasms in the progression of colorectal neoplasms. Immunohistochemical examination of CD10 and p53 was performed in 169 colorectal epithelial neoplasms representing various stages of carcinogenesis. The results were correlated with the morphologic characteristics of the neoplasms. There was no expression of CD10 in the stromal cells of normal colorectal tissue. CD10-positive stromal cells were present adjacent to the tumor cells in 16 of 73 adenomas with mild or moderate dysplasia. More frequent expression of CD10 by the stromal cells was detected in adenomas with severe dysplasia (12 of 17), intramucosal carcinomas (10 of 16), and invasive carcinomas (50 of 63) than in adenomas with mild or moderate dysplasia (P < 0.0001). Expression of CD10 by > 10% of the stromal cells was detected only within the area of the invasive growth front of invasive carcinomas, not in adenomas and in only 1 of the intramucosal carcinomas. The difference between invasive and non invasive tumors was significant (P < 0.0001). The stromal expression of CD10 was significantly associated with the accumulation of p53 and a larger tumor size. These results indicate that CD10 expression is an integral part of colorectal carcinogenesis. CD10 expression seems to contribute to the invasion and thus probably facilitates metastasis.

Actins↗
PubMed2000

Differential Diagnosis Between Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Tumors and Mucinous Cystic Tumors of the Pancreas.

Mucinous cystic tumors (MCTs) and intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors (IPMTs) are often confused with each other. However, clinicopathological studies have shown that these are two distinct entities. In this review, clinicopathological differences and important features for differential diagnosis are presented. MCTs are cyst-forming tumors in the body or tail of the pancreas seen almost exclusively in females. IPMTs show distinct duct ectasia in the pancreatic head with male predominance. Histologically both tumors consist of mucin secreting tall columnar epithelium. MCTs are often accompanied by characteristic "ovarian-type stroma." Recent immunohistochemical and gene analysis have not demonstrated significant differences between two tumor types. These tumors should be clearly separated from ordinary ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas as they follow indolent course. Int J Surg Pathol 8(4):271-278, 2000

Journal Article↗