Biological monitoring of indium by means of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry in workers exposed to particles of indium compounds.
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Biomedical subjects
Kazuyuki Omae
Publications and source records attributed to Kazuyuki Omae.
Uptake of cadmium in meals from the digestive tract of young non-smoking Japanese female volunteers.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate rates of cadmium (Cd) uptake from the digestive tract and changes in Cd in biological specimens after intake of Cd mainly in rice. METHODS: Twenty-five young non-smoking Japanese female volunteers (20-23 in age) were recruited and a 20-d experimental study was conducted. With polished rice containing 0.004 ppm and 0.340 ppm of Cd, Meal L and Meal H were prepared. Approximately 12% of total Cd in Meal L and 92% of total Cd in Meal H originated in rice. The volunteers ate Meal L for 11 d to achieve a stable intake-output balance of Cd. Fifteen of the 25 volunteers ate Meal H on the 12(th) day (Group D1), and the remaining 10 ate Meal H on the 12(th), 13(th) and 14(th) day (Group D3). All 25 subjects then resumed the consumption of Meal L to the end of the study (20(th) day). All meals, feces and urine were collected during the study, and Cd intake from the daily meals (Cd-I), Cd in feces (Cd-F) and Cd in urine (Cd-U) were determined. For measurement of Cd in blood (Cd-B), venous blood was collected from all volunteers on the day before the study and again on the 12(th) and 20(th) day; venous blood was also collected from 4-8 volunteers at additional time points. RESULTS: Mean Cd-I was 4.51 microg/d (range: 1.85-6.93) or 48.48 microg/d (range: 27.98-56.27) when they ate Meal L or Meal H. Cd-F and Cd-B exhibited faster responses to the change in Cd-I than did Cd-U. The Cd(uptake) rate, defined as (1-Cd-F(excess) /Cd-I(excess)) (Fig. 1), was 47.2% (range: -9.4-83.3%) in Group D1 and 36.6% (range: -9.2-73.5%) in Group D3, and the Cd(balance) rate, defined as (1-Cd-F(output) /Cd-I(intake)), was 23.9% (range: -4.0-37.7%) in Group D1 and 23.7% (range: -8.2-56.9%) in Group D3. CONCLUSIONS: Cd-F and Cd-B are better biological monitoring parameters for assessing change in Cd-I than Cd-U. The Cd(uptake) and Cd(balance) rates appeared to be higher than those in previous papers when ingested Cd mainly originated in rice.
Adult↗
Novel statistical classification model of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients for tailor-made prevention using data mining algorithm.
To estimate the usefulness of data mining algorithms for extracting risk predictors of diabetic vascular complications in proper order in the future, we tried applying the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) method to the prevalence data of 165 type 2 diabetic outpatients and already known risk factors. Among the 6 categorical and 15 continuous risk factors, age (cutoff: 65.4) was the best predictor for classifying patients into groups with and without macroangiopathy (p=0.000). Body weight (cutoff: 53.9) was the best predictor (p=0.006) in the older group (age >65.4), whereas systolic blood pressure (cutoff: 144.5) was the best predictor in the remaining group (p=0.002). Age (cutoff: 64.8) was also the best predictor for categorizing them into groups with and without microangiopathy (p=0.000). In the older group (age >64.8), BMI (cutoff: 21.5) was the best predictor (p=0.001), whereas morbidity term (cutoff: 15.5) was the best predictor in the other group (p=0.01 0). Because the orders and values of all risk factors and cutoff points mined were reasonable clinically, this method may have the potential to highlight predictors in order of importance to apply tailor-made prevention of diabetic vascular complications.
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