Biomedical subjects

Kazimierz Pasternak

Publications and source records attributed to Kazimierz Pasternak.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate increases mineralization and mechanical properties of tibia in turkeys.

Skeletal disorders in rapidly growing poultry are commonplace. This study was performed to investigate the effect of ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate (OKG) administration during the last 7 weeks of life on structural properties, mineralization, and mechanical endurance of skeleton in turkeys at slaughter. Healthy HB Medium Bronze female turkeys were randomly assigned to two weight-matched groups at the age of 12 weeks. OKG was administered orally to the experimental group (N=17) at the dose of 0.4 g/kg body weight per day, while the control group (N=16) received an equal dose of the vehicle. The turkeys were slaughtered at the age of 19 weeks and the tibiae were isolated for analysis. The effect of OKG on skeletal system development in turkeys was evaluated in relation to both geometrical and mechanical properties as well as quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Free amino acids concentrations were assessed with the use of ion-exchange chromatography. Significantly increased bone mineral density of the trabecular and the cortical bone of tibia in the turkeys given OKG for the last 7 weeks of production cycle were observed (P<0.05). OKG administration improved mechanical endurance of the tibia estimated by the three-point bending test (P<0.01). Plasma amino acid analyses showed increased level of aspartate, proline, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and ornithine (all P<0.05) after OKG treatment, whereas cystathionine concentration was decreased (P=0.03). Obtained results indicate that oral OKG administration has beneficial effects on skeletal development in fast growing turkeys and this effect is connected with increased amino acid synthesis. These observations may serve to improve skeletal properties in birds, especially when considering that skeletal disorders often affect the tibia and the proper function of the skeletal system plays an essential role in animal welfare and poultry production.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2006

Synthesis of imidazoline and imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole aryl derivatives containing the methylthio group as possible antibacterial agents.

1-Arylimidazolidine-2-thiones (1a-g) were synthesized by the condensation reaction of N-arylethylenediamines with carbon disulfide in xylene medium. Their further alkylation with methyl iodide led to the formation of some biologically active 1-aryl-2-methylthio-imidazolines (2a-g). The 7-(4-methylphenyl)-3-methylthio-5H-6,7-dihydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole (4b) was obtained by the alkylation of the respective 7-(4-methylphenyl)-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(H)-thione (3b) with methyl iodide. Antimicrobial activities of 1-aryl-2-methylthio-imidazolines (2a-g) and the 7-(4-methylphenyl)-3- methylthio-5H-6,7-dihydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazole (4b) are presented. All tested compounds showed MIC in the range of 11.0-89.2 microM. Compounds 2a,e were found to be equipotent to chloramphenicol in vitro, whereas 2a,c,e-g and 4b showed superior activity (MIC) to ampicillin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed2004

Magnesium and branched chain amino acids in rats intoxicated with Pb2+ or Cd2+ and receiving certain bioflavonoids or bioflavonoids with glutamine.

Experiment was carried on Wistar male rats. Eleven groups, each of 6 rats, were given: group I: plumbum nitrate (500 mg Pb/dm3), group II: plumbum ions--500 mg Pb/dm3 and quercetin--200 mg/dm3, group III the same what group II and glutamine 4 g/dm3, group IV: Pb(NO3)2--500 mg Pb/dm3 and catechin (200 mg/dm3), and group V the same as group IV, Pb ions, catechin, and additionally glutamine--4 g/dm3. The IA - VA groups obtained the same that groups I-V but they received instead of lead cadmium chloride in amount of 500 mg Cd/dm3. Group IX was a control group, and that animals received redistilled water to drink. After six weeks of experiment blood, liver and kidneys were collected, and magnesium and branched amino acids concentrations were determined. The aim of these studies was to determine the influence of administered quercetin and catechin individually or with free glutamine on magnesium and BCAAs concentrations in blood serum, liver and kidneys of rats.

Amino Acids, Branched-Chain↗

PubMed2004

Magnesium concentrations in mammary tumours in dogs.

The neoplasmic process causes the disturbance of magnesium metabolism in the organism. The studies were conducted in order to determine magnesium concentration in the tissues and serum of dogs with malignant and non-malignant mammary tumours in comparison to its concentration in the tissue and serum of healthy dogs. From the studies presented in the paper it turns out that magnesium concentration in the mammary neoplasmic tissue increases with the increase of tumour malignancy and in comparison to its concentration in the control tissue. Magnesium concentration in the blood serum decreases with the increase of tumour malignancy and in comparison to the control tissue. Therefore it was shown that there is a connection between the degree of tumour malignancy and magnesium concentration in the tissue and serum.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Influence of admission procedure and hospitalization form on the value of magnesium concentration in serum, blood cells and urine in children hospitalizated due to pneumonia or obstructive bronchiolitis.

Wide spectrum of biological properties of magnesium is very well documented in pathomechanism of large number of diseases, where increased stressogenic actions with simultaneous magnesium deficiency have been observed. Our paper describes researches on trials to find out the relationships between stress reaction and magnesium deficiency, admission procedure and hospitalization form of children with pneumonia or obstructive bronchiolitis. It has been shown that serum magnesium concentration before treatment of sick children that during hospitalization had contacted parents, was significantly lower and essentially increased in examinations after treatment. However, in both groups of ill children (that which had constant as well as sporadic contact with parents during hospitalization period) blood cell magnesium concentration was essentially lower before and significantly increased after treatment, and urine magnesium concentration was essentially higher before and significantly decreased after treatment.

Bronchiolitis↗

PubMed2004

[Melatonin and its biological significance].

Melatonin is a hormone produced in human by the pineal body, the endocrine gland localized in the central part of cerebrum. It regulates many vital processes. Its main and best known effect is restoring the natural cycle of organism functions. It is safe and non-addictive sleep-inducing drug, which can eliminate disruptions in our circadian rhythm, in such situations as shift working, changing of time zones (during intercontinental air travelling) or insomnia. It improves mood and quality of sleep. Melatonin function consisting in stabilization of biological rhythms, free radical scavenging or immune system stimulating can delay aging processes. Its appropriate supplementation can prolong life even by decades, keeping our body in good both physical and psychological condition. Additionally, profitable for health properties of melatonin include ability to control some illnesses (prophylaxis of cardiovascular system diseases, neoplastic diseases and other functional disorders of organisms). It makes the immune system stronger, decreases susceptibility of the organism to stress, and improves mood and general feeling.

Affect↗

PubMed2004

[Melatonin and bio-elements].

Melatonin occurs naturally in human organism, and its basic and the best investigated function is stabilization of biological rhythms, mainly day-night cycle. Properties very profitable for organisms, this hormone owes to its great ability of free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity. Connection between melatonin and elements occurring in human organism can be based on various relationships. Calcium ions play active role in melatonin biosynthesis, and sodium and potassium ions, thank to their properties of membranes polarization, influence melatonin penetrating possibility into cells, where this active molecule can exerts its physiologic functions. Another type of relationship exists between melatonin and zinc ions. Genomic action of melatonin appears in its ability to stimulate antioxidant genes expression, and its direct cellular action appears in increasing of these enzymes activity, among which very important place takes zinc-enzyme-superoxide dismutase (SOD). Melatonin also prevents poisoning by such elements like chromium (III) and (VI), iron and copper, through levelling toxic actions of these ions on organism. The role of melatonin in these processes relies mainly on scavenging of arisen free radicals, detoxification of hydrogen peroxide and combining excess of toxic ions into compounds harmless for organism.

Calcium↗

PubMed2004

The tasks of a community nurse in the process of an early detection of type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes affects 3,000 individuals annually, whereas type 2 diabetes attacks about 60,000 people, which qualifies the illness to be the number 9 "killer" among Polish citizens. World health organisation prognoses that in the years of 2000-2025 the number of type 2 diabetes patients is going to double. This prognosis gives rise to a conclusion that diabetes prevention is becoming one of the priority tasks of all medical professionals and requires the necessity of changing and elaborating of effective, interdisciplinary prevention programs. The main aim of the study was a description of the tasks awaiting the community nurse in the process of an early diagnosis of diabetes. In the research, the analysis of the data included in the community nurse documentation--the family questionnaire, was used. The questionnaire is the document in which nurses in charge register the data concerning patients acquired in the community interview as well as the results of basic study values.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Health education and teleinformatics.

In the course of the last years, the development of teleinformatics caused that the Internet services have become more and more popular. The Internet means reaching new possibilities, which are provided by fast, easy and two-direction access to the required information. These features make the Internet one of the most important tools applied in health education increasing the knowledge, skill and motivation of an individual for health self-care.

Health Education↗

PubMed2004

Bioflavonoids and glutamine in diet and the Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn concentrations in heavy metals intoxicated rats' skins.

The effect of bioflavonoids on the Mg, Ca, Cu and Zn concentration in rats' skin intoxicated with heavy metals Pb or Cd. The animals were divided at random into nine groups, each of 6 rats. Group I obtained in drinking water the solution of plumbum nitrate, Pb(NO3)2 in concentration of 500 mg Pb/dm3, group II solution of lead ions--500 mg Pb/dm3 and quercetin--200 mg/dm3 and glutamine 4 g/dm3, group III--lead ions solution (500 mg Pb/dm3), catechin--200 mg/dm3 and glutamine 4 g/dm3, group IV received water solution of Pb(NO3)2--500mg Pb/dm3, naringenin--200 mg/dm3 and glutamine 4 g/dm3, V-VII groups obtained the same that groups I-IV, but instead of lead cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in the amount of 500 mg Cd/dm3 was used. Group IX was a control group, and these animals received redistilled water to drink. All the groups of rats were on a normal diet (LSM dry food) and they got solutions and food ad libitum. After the experiment, the animals were sacrificed under ketamine narcosis and while collecting tissues, the skins (together with furs) used for further studies were also obtained. Heavy metals intoxication caused a significant decrease of magnesium and calcium concentrations in the examined rats' skins, and bioflavonoids with glutamine dietary addition did not improve or improve to a small degree the levels of those elements. Lead, in opposition to cadmium, decreased zinc and copper levels in skins, and bioflavonoids with glutamine caused the return of those elements' concentrations to the values of control group.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2004

Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in heart diseases (ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction).

Acute and chronic ischaemic diseases are among the main death reasons and civilized world menace. Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs): valine (Val), leucine (Leu), and isoleucine (Ile) are the main source of nitrogen to glutamine (Gln) and alanine (Ala) synthesis in muscles. In numerous cachexy-producing illnesses such as cancer, sepsis, diverse injuries and heart diseases increased consumption of BCAAs occurs. In myocardial ischemia BCAAs derived from the mobilization of muscle protein may be an important alternative energy substrate for the heart. BCAAs are oxidative energy substrates for the heart and may exert anabolic effects on myocardial protein (8). The aim of our study was to determine branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) concentrations in blood plasma of patients with chronic and acute ischeamic heart disease and to find out changes that those amino acids undergo during the first five days of patients' hospitalization.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗

PubMed2004

The susceptibility of certain bacterial strains to imidazotriazine derivatives.

The synthesized imidazo[2,1-c]triazines were tested for their antimicrobial activity. Microbiological screening tests conducted in relation to 54 strains of Gram-positive and 52 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, 6 strains of yeast-like fungi and 3 strains of moulds showed significant activity of compound 19 against 52 Gram-negative bacterial strains. This compound was active against 16 strains of Escherichia coli, 12 strains of Pseudomonas, 10 strains of Proteus spp., 8 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 6 strains of Enterobacter aerogenes in the examined concentrations (100 microg ml(-1) and 200 microg ml(-1)).

Fungi↗

PubMed2004

The susceptibility of certain microbial strains to fused 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.

1,2,4-Triazole is the structural element of many drugs that have different pharmacological spectrum of activity. Besides, from the literature data it follows that 1,2,4-triazoles and its fused systems show antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. The obtained compounds were tested for their potential antimicrobial activity. Microbiological tests conducted on 106 strains of bacteria, 6 strains of yeast-like fungi and 3 strains of moulds have shown that all the tested compounds in the examined concentrations (100 microg ml(-1) and 200 microg ml(-1)) had no influence on the growth of the tested bacteria and moulds. It has been found that among variously substituted derivatives of imidazotriazole system compound V significantly inhibited the growth of 6 strains of Candida albicans in the examined concentrations. Its chemical structure was similar to novel antifungal agents described in the literature.

Bacteria↗

PubMed2004

Exclusion of antimicrobial activity of some analgesic active imidazo[2,1-c]triazines.

The purpose of this study was to exclude the potential antimicrobial activity of certain analgesic active imidazo[2,1-c]triazines. These compounds contain in their chemical structure potential pharmacophore formations and features similar to those present in morphine - like analgesics and opioid receptor agonists containing no basic nitrogen atom. These compounds showed significant antinociceptive activity on the central nervous system of the tested animals, correlated with very low toxicity value (LD50 value of above 2000 mg kg(-1) b.w. via i. p.). Microbiological tests were conducted on 106 strains of bacteria, 6 strains of yeast-like fungi and 3 strains of moulds. The examined imidazo[2,1-c]triazines in concentrations of 100 microg ml(-1) and 200 microg ml(-1) had no influence on the growth of the microorganisms tested. Lack of this influence can be profitable in the case of analgesic active compounds.

Analgesics↗

PubMed2004

Magnesium role in cardiovascular diseases.

Magnesium is one of the four major cations in the human body and the second most abundant within the cell. Observational studies have shown the fundamental role of magnesium in treatment of different cardiovascular disorders, connected with magnesium deficiency. As co-factor of many enzymes, especially those involved in phosphate transfer, it plays a role in regulation of intracellular reactions in the organism. By influence on sodium pump and calcium pump, it regulates flowing of Na+, Ca2+, K+ ions through channels in cell membrane and therefore: decreases lack of K+ ions, protects the cell from Ca2+ ions overloading, inhibits sodium influx into the cell, equalizes pH of cell by maintaining the correct level of acidosis, increases bioelectrical potential and supplies energy for calcium pump and sodium pump. Moreover, magnesium controls the level of triglycerides (rebuilds integration of cell membrane), attends in local autonomic control of circulation, which helps to maintain the balance of peripheral movement, corrects activity of conduction and stimulogenic system of the heart. Still carried out intensive research into the influence of magnesium on the human organism function may show unknown so far aspects of this element action on the cardiovascular system.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Magnesium concentration in rat tissues receiving sex hormones and vitamin E.

Magnesium plays very important metabolic and regulatory roles in the animal organism. On this element tissues' concentration may have an influence other factors, such as sex hormones and vitamin E. The aim of our paper was to determine the influence of various testosterone doses given to male rats and various estradiol doses given to female rats on tissue magnesium concentration. Moreover, we analysed the influence of vitamin E applied with sex hormones on magnesium concentration in the tested groups of male and female rats. Testosterone was given to male rats at the doses of 0.01 mg kg(-1) of b.w. and 0.1 mg kg(-1) of b.w. Estradiol was given to female rats at the doses of 0.01 mg kg(-1) of b.w. and 0.1 mg kg(-1) of b.w. Some groups of animals additionally received vitamin E at the dose of 100 mg kg(-1) of b.w. The experiment was conducted for two weeks and next the brain, liver, kidneys and heart were taken for analysis. Tissue magnesium concentration was studied. We showed that sex hormones (estradiol in females, testosterone in males) influenced magnesium concentration reduction in the tested tissues. This decrease depended on the dose of applied hormone and only insignificantly on its kind. It was showed that simultaneously applied vitamin E diminished the effect of sex hormones action on magnesium concentration in the tested tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

The influence of sex hormones and vitamin E on ascorbic acid concentration in rat tissues.

Ascorbic acid concentration in a living body undergoes alterations continually. The changes in homeostasis of this important antioxidant may be induced by the effect of sex hormones for example. Based on this, the aim of our work was to estimate the influence of sex hormones administration and vitamin E supplementation on tissue ascorbic acid concentration in female and male rats. It has been showed that estrogen administration to females resulted in vitamin C loss, while testosterone administration to males elevated this level in all the tested tissues. However, the supplementation of vitamin E during sex hormones administration had beneficial effects on the tissue ascorbic acid concentration.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

The effect of lithium administration in a diet on the chosen parameters of the antioxidant barrier in rats.

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in metabolic processes can cause severe lesions. The organisms' defense constitutes the antioxidant barrier. Antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) belong to its main constituents. Lithium is widely used in medicine but its administration can cause negative side-effects. Therefore, we investigated Li oral intoxication influence on SOD and GPx activity in serum and tissues of rats in the dependence on time (three-weeks and six-weeks). In serum SOD activity vs. control increased after three weeks and decreased after six, GPx activity vs. control was changed in reverse way--diminished after three weeks and enhanced after six. In tissues the changes were diverse. The most interesting results are: the decrease of both enzymes in the spleen, no changes of SOD in the brain, the enhanced GPx and diminished SOD in the kidney, the increased SOD in the liver vs. control during the whole experiment. In serum, femoral muscle and kidney during all the exposure the increment of one of enzymes was accompanied with the depletion of the other. The obtained outcomes allow to suggest that the lithium exposure resulted in antioxidant barrier disturbances in rats.

Animals↗