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Biomedical subjects

K Zieliński

Publications and source records attributed to K Zieliński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Stereotactic biopsy and brachytherapy in the diagnostics and treatment of brain tumors--preliminary report].

Promising results have been obtained using brachytherapy in the treatment of brain tumors. Between November 99 and August 2000, 28 patients with brain tumors (15 newly diagnosed gliomas, 11 recurrent gliomas, 2 metastases) underwent implantation of temporary iridium 192 sources with stereotactic technique. This group received external beam radiation therapy (45 Gy) following implantation. Patients were followed-up with CT scans every 3 months. Serious complications occurred in two patients (postradiation brain oedema). Median survival has not been assessed due to short follow-up period and small number of patients. Further clinical assessment is required especially long-term follow-up. Brachytherapy appears to be a useful technique for the treatment of selected brain tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical and immunohistoenzymatic investigations in patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis].

The aim of our study was evaluation of the results of clinical examination in patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis and assessment of number of blood vessels, nerve fibres and mast cells on the basis of immunohistoenzymatic examination. There were 42 patients examined aged from 18 to 50 and divided into three groups: I--16 patients with vasomotor rhinitis and II--14 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and III--12 patients (control) with nasal septum deviation. On the basis of the patient's history data, clinical otorhinolaryngologic examination and active anterior rhinomanometry the patients were qualified to bilateral inferior turbinectomy. The nasal mucosa removed during surgery underwent immunohistoenzymatic examination using the monoclonal antibody against the tryptase of mast cells (MCT company, DAKO), the endothelin of blood vessels (EC - DAKO) and the neurospecific enolase (NSE - DAKO). In examined groups of patients with vasomotor and perennial allergic rhinitis and control group similar escalation of clinical symptoms expressed by means of points index were stated. In immunohistoenzymatic studies the differences in mean number of blood vessels and nerve fibres between examined groups were not statistically significant, however statistically significant difference concerned higher number of mast cells patients with vasomotor rhinitis in comparison to perennial allergic rhinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Escape from shock versus escape from shock accompanied by a visual stimulus in rats.

Two groups of 15 rats each were trained in a shuttle box to escape foot-shock either unsignalled or presented in compound with a visual cue: darkness. The visual cue presented in shock compartment amplifies the behavioral tendency actually prevailing in the response repertory of the rat. During the 1st session the compound enhanced the species-specific flight resulting in shortening of the rat's escape latency. Thereafter, during subsequent sessions, darkness exaggerated resistance to enter the other compartment; thus escape latencies were longer under compounded than under unsignalled procedure. The darkness cue reduces the intertrial response rate relative to the unsignalled group. This latter finding supports the discrimination model of the effect, since the compound helps the animals to discriminate the illuminated "safe" period between trials from the aversive shock period. Our data seem to suggest that the darkness presented synchronously with escapable grid-shock acquires aversive properties.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The case of giant pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland with the malignancy features].

The aim of the study was showed the case of patient aged 41 years, treated in the Otolaryngology Department of Military Medical Academy because of giant pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland with the malignancy features. After performed of the BAC of tumour, the CT of neck and the scintigraphy of salivary glands the patient qualified for operation. The tumour resected with capsule and the superficial lobe of the left parotid gland, conservating of function of the facial nerve. The histopathologic examination proved the mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the pleomorphic adenoma didn't infiltrate of capsule. After oncologic consultation the patient had not of complementary radiotherapy, because the operation was radical and the carcinoma had a low radiosensitivity. The above mentioned case confirms of the reports, that the pleomorphic adenoma can undergo of malignancy changes, however the gigantic tumour doesn't write off possibility of operating success.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1999

How do rats cope with the two-way escape problem in a homogeneous shuttle box?

The behavior of 25 rats trained in a homogeneous shuttle box to escape unsignalled grid-shock was analyzed. Three categories of escape were distinguished: (1) species-specific fly away from the charged grid, (2) long-latency crossing preceded and accompanied by other behaviors that compete with the escape response, and (3) short-latency escape which followed an anticipatory postural pose. The animals displayed species-specific fly away only during the initial trials of a session. Subsequently long-latency crossings develops, reflecting a resistance to enter the opposite compartment. A measure based on a comparison of escape latency distributions in the two halves of the 1st session discriminates between good and poor learners. Subgroups of good and poor learners differed in performance efficiency in all five training sessions. Good learners were able to overcome the resistance to enter the opposite compartment and recall the learned short-latency escape.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

CS modality transfer of two-way avoidance in rats with central and basolateral amygdala lesions.

Post-lesion acquisition of two-way avoidance and subsequent transfer to two warning signals (conditioned stimulus, CS) of different modality were investigated in 60 rats. In Experiment I the animals were originally trained with less salient (darkness) CS, then transferred to more salient compound (darkness and white noise), and finally to white noise CS. The opposite arrangement of the conditioned stimuli (CSi) during the subsequent stages was employed in Experiment II. In control animals, avoidance acquisition was faster and the intertrial responding (ITR) rate lower with the auditory than with the visual CS. Lesioned rats learned avoidance responses more slowly, independently of CS modality. The transfer to other CSi revealed dramatic between-group difference in the level and consistency of avoidance response, shuttle-box latencies and ITR rate. In control animals, transfer to more salient CSi enhanced avoidance performance, whereas change to less salient CS decreased it. Rather small changes in shuttle-box performance and consistency of avoidance response due to CS modality were seen in rats with the basolateral lesions. In contrast, central nucleus injury caused a strong deterioration in the avoidance transfer, especially when the visual CS followed the acoustic one. The results indicate differential involvement of the basolateral and central amygdala nuclei in stimulus-processing mechanisms of instrumental defensive behavior.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1998

Effects of octreotide on propylotiouracil-induced goiter in rats: a quantitative evaluation.

To evaluate the possible antigoitrogenic effect of somatostatin, the influence of long-acting somatostatin analog--octreotide--on experimental goiter developed in rats treated with propylthiouracil was examined. Goiter formation was assessed by measurement of the main histological compartments of the thyroid as well as by morphometric analysis of the vascularization and blood supply of the gland. Although treatment with octreotide did not prevent the goiter formation, it clearly reduced blood supply and vascularization of the thyroid and counteracted propylthiouracil-induced increase in the relative volume of follicular epithelium. To conclude, the somatostatin analog--octreotide--is effective in reduction of goiter vascularisation. This finding provides a rationale for the clinical trials of the treatment of hypervascular goiter by somatostatin analogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Macroscopic estimation of the placenta using a morphometric grid. Part I: pre-pregnancy and post-pregnancy diabetes mellitus].

Kurt Benirschke has once written that the placenta provides the most accurate records of prenatal history of foetus. Our study included 104 placentas obtained from pregnancy complicated by diabetes. An obstetrician did the planimetric estimation directly after delivery. A measurement of lesions was conducted with using a special own idea's morphometric grid that allowed us to evaluate a placental surface and a relative size of change statement in a very quick and convenient way. Our method is very useful for making a quantitative estimation of pathological changes in the chorionic plate of placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Macroscopic assessment of the placenta using a morphometric grid. Part II: other selected pathologies].

Kurt Benirschke has once written that the placenta provides the most accurate records of prenatal history of foetus. Our study included 2498 placentas obtained from pregnancy complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and epilepsy. An obstetrician did the planimetric estimation directly after delivery. A measurement of lesions was conducted with using a special own idea's morphometric grid that allowed us to evaluate a placental surface and a relative size of change statement in a very quick and convenient way. Our method is very useful for making a quantitative estimation of pathological changes in the chorionic plate of placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Macroscopic assessment of the placenta using a morphometric grid. Part III: preterm delivery].

Kurt Benirschke has once written that the placenta provides the most accurate records of prenatal history of foetus. Our study included 198 placentas obtained from pregnancy complicated by preterm delivery. An obstetrician did the planimetric estimation directly after delivery. A measurement of lesions was conducted with using a special own idea's morphometric gird that allowed us to evaluate a placental surface and a relative size of change statement in a very quick and convenient way. Our method is very useful for making a quantitative estimation of pathological changes in the chorionic plate of placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Changes of intertrial response rate with elapse of time after two-way avoidance trial in rats.

The changes of intertrial response (ITR) rate along the intertrial interval duration were examined in 30 rats trained in two-way avoidance. The lowest ITR rate was observed just after a cross-through response terminating a trial. Rats trained with a warning signal of darkness showed over-all higher ITR rates and shorter periods of post-trial reduction of ITR rate than rats trained with a more salient noise warning signal. The period of post-trial low ITR rate lengthened in consecutive sessions indicating the gradual development of a safety state.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The effect of somatostatin analog octreotide on diethylstilbestrol-induced prolactin secretion, cell proliferation and vascular changes in the rat anterior pituitary gland.

The effects of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and of long-acting somatostatin analog, octreotide (SMS) on the rat anterior pituitary microvasculature have been studied by means of computer-assisted image analysis. Additionally, the effects of DES and SMS on prolactin secretion and anterior pituitary cell proliferation have been studied, as well. The vascularization was visualized using Selye's method modified by Poely et al. (1964). The prolactin serum levels were estimated by radio-immunoassay. The proliferation indices were assessed using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay. As expected, it was found that DES sharply increased serum prolactin levels and enhanced cell proliferation in the anterior pituitary gland. DES also induced changes in parameters of vascularization. Simultaneous treatment of rats with SMS inhibited the DES-induced elevation of prolactin levels and pituitary cell proliferation. It also suppressed some but not all DES-induced changes in the anterior pituitary vascularization. These data suggest that the angio-inhibitory activity of SMS might be involved in its anti-tumor action on pituitary adenomas, but not as a sole or principal mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists on diethylstilbestrol-induced vascular changes in the rat anterior pituitary gland: a quantitative evaluation.

The effects if diethylstilbestrol (DES) and of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonists, such as losartan (selective AT1 receptor antagonist) or PD 123319 (selective AT2 receptor antagonist) on the anterior pituitary microvasculature were studied by means of computer-assisted image analysis. The vascularization was visualized using Selye's method modified by Poely et al. (1964). It was found that DES induced a sharp increase in vessel area, mean vessel diameter and perimeter, whereas mean vessel number was reduced. These DES-induced changes were inhibited by simultaneous administration of losartan. On the other hand, PD 123319 was less effective. These findings suggest an involvement of Ang II, acting mainly via AT1 receptors, in the mechanism of estrogen-induced vascular changes in the rat anterior pituitary gland.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1995

Conditioning of fear and conditioning of safety in rats.

In separate groups of rats forward and backward procedures for classical defensive conditioning were superimposed on on-going bar pressing for food. The forward conditioned stimulus elicited suppression of bar presses, indicating acquisition of fear. The backward stimulus paired with identical shock elicited behaviour typical for rats in a condition of safety and caused an increase of bar press rate. Enhancement of bar presses acquired in the course of backward conditioning was stable, immune to influences from unsignalled shocks presented in the same experimental context, and resistant to extinction when all shocks were discontinued. Properties of the employed variety of the backward conditioning procedure are discussed. When a brief shock overshadowed the onset of a backward stimulus, the remaining portion of the stimulus became a signal of safety.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Habituation of the orienting response to auditory and visual stimuli in rats trained to press a bar.

Habituation of the effects elicited by presentation of novel auditory (wide band noise) and visual (darkness) stimuli on on-going bar pressing for food was studied in 48 male hooded rats. Novel stimuli elicited a decrease of the bar press rate. This attenuating effect was the strongest on the first onset of the stimulus of a given modality and then slowly decayed during the stimulus action. The effect from the noise stimulus habituated more rapidly than that elicited by darkness. Then, noise onset enhanced bar pressing, and termination of the noise decreased the response rate. In contrast, termination of the darkness increased the response rate. The difference between auditory and visual stimuli in rapidity of change from attenuating to facilitating effects was more evident for shorter than for longer stimuli durations. Summation of data from repetitive presentations revealed an overall attenuating effect of the visual stimulus and a facilitating effect of the auditory stimulus on bar press rate.

Acoustic Stimulation↗