Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) function was analysed in 16 young men with duodenal ulcers after one-hour intravenous infusion of somatostatin (SMS) at a dose of 250 micrograms/h. Proliferative responses of PBL from SMS-treated patients were significantly diminished compared with pre-treatment values, after stimulation with PHA, PWM or Con A. Spontaneous IL-2R expression was moderately increased after SMS infusion but PHA-induced IL-2R expression was not affected by this drug. Alloantigen and autoantigen stimulation of PBL showed no significant changes in the proliferative response after SMS infusion. NK cell activity was similarly unaffected. These observations establish a link between SMS exposure and possible development of immune dysfunction.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The interrelationship between production of reactive oxygen intermediates and inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood leukocytes in vitro from children with food allergy.

In this study, the activity of neutrophils measured using the chemiluminescence test was estimated in 49 children with food allergy. It was shown that average chemiluminescence values without, as well as after, stimulation by formyl-methionyl-leucine phenylalanine and phorbol myristate acetate were considerably higher in children with allergy in comparison to those in the control group. The correlation between the production of reactive oxygen intermediates and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-10 concentration suggests that an autocrine regulatory mechanism may play a role in allergy in children.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Research on some parameters of cellular immune response in soldiers undergoing basic training--preliminary report.

BACKGROUND: On the basis of available reports it can be stated that physical stress causes changes in distribution and activity of many components of the immune system. It is believed that psychophysical stress in soldiers can influence their immune system depressively and in consequence increase the risk of upper respiratory tract infections. Therefore, it was decided to conduct studies aimed at the estimation of the influence of military training on the some parameters of cellular immune response. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 40 draft aged from 18 to 23 years. The research was conducted in the first 8 weeks of service, in the period of the most intense draft stress adaptation. The participants were divide into 2 groups, A and B respectively, 20 soldiers each. Group A derived from an assault unit. Their training induced strenuous physical stress. Group B derived from a support unit. Their training required less physical effort then one of group A. Performed examinations involved: lymphocyte percentage count, lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogen, CD69 antigen expression on T lymphocyte surface, delayed hypersensitivity reaction with CMI Multitest. All assessments were done twice at 8 weeks interval. RESULTS: After 8 weeks of training in the A group a statistically significant increase in the percentage of lymphocytes revealing antigens of the II Class Main Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) was found. In addition, in this group a statistically significant decrease in the value of lymphocyte stimulation index, a statistically significant increase in the percentage of cells revealing CD69 antigen expression after PHA stimulation were observed. During investigated period in the B group following statistically significant changes were found: an increase in the percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ cells, a decrease in the percentage of CD16+CD56+ and an increase in the CD4+ to CD8+ ratio. CONCLUSION: The obtained results show that military service conditions influence some parameters of the cellular immune response but do not result in the clinically significant suppression of the immune system.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic beta-adrenergic antagonist treatment affects human T lymphocyte responsiveness "in vitro".

The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the effect of long-term propranolol treatment on some immune parameters in humans. The subjects were 12 duodenal ulcer patients, aged 19-23 years. They were given propranolol in a dose of 40 mg three times a day orally. Blood samples were drawn before and after one-month propranolol treatment. The drug did not significantly affect mitogen (PHA, Con A, PWM)- induced lymphoproliferative response, although a tendency of a slight inhibition of proliferation was observed. In all patients treated with propranolol absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte counts increased. Propranolol did not significantly influence one-way MLR, while it enhanced proliferation in the AMLR test in all patients. The drug increased spontaneous and PHA-induced IL-2R expression as well as IL-2 generation. The study showed that chronic beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol may modify some immune functions in humans.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Involvement of granulocyte factor (GF) in receptor-triggered stimulation of lymphocytes and neutrophils.

Granulocyte factor derived from the specific granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils affects mitogen--and alloantigen--induced proliferation of human lymphocytes "in vitro". A dual pattern of GF effect was noted: inhibition of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation in higher concentrations and costimulatory activity in lower concentrations of GF. GF induced the lymphocyte proliferation in combination with phorbol ester (PMA) or anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with PMA. Other combinations of anti-CD2 and anti-CD3 mAb with GF do not augment the proliferation. The comitogenic activities of GF are associated with IL-2 production and IL-2R expression. Specific binding of labelled GF to stimulated lymphocytes suggests that it may recognize the specific molecule expressed only an activated cells. GF diminishes the zymosan-induced granulocyte stimulation, but GF acts as a stimulator of granulocyte O2 production. GF may recognize common targets on leukocytes. Leukocyte adhesive glycoproteins may be such putative targets.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Some mechanisms of immunosuppressive action of epinephrine in humans.

The studies were performed on 12 men (9 duodenal ulcer patients and 3 healthy controls) aged 19-23 years. They were given epinephrine in a dose of 0.014 mg/kg subcutaneously. Blood samples were drawn before and 30 and 150 min. after drug injection. The results obtained in the duodenal ulcer patients and controls revealed the same direction of changes. Epinephrine induced a significant increase in the absolute numbers of all investigated peripheral blood mononuclear cell subpopulations (total lymphocytes, T, Th, Ts, NK cells and monocytes) observed at 30 min. following injection, while they nearly normalized at 150 min. A Th/Ts cell number ratio slightly, but significantly, decreased. Epinephrine did not affect spontaneous IL-2 receptor expression and it significantly inhibited PHA-induced IL-2 receptor expression and IL-2 generation at 30 min. following injection. NK cell activity also decreased 30 min. after epinephrine administration and it was still lowered at 150 min. The drug very distinctly inhibited proliferative response in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction test.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The stimulatory effect of a single intravenous dose of propranolol of some immune parameters in humans.

Propranolol (PRO) is a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist. The studies were aimed to evaluate the effect of a single intravenous PRO injection at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg on some immune parameters, and were performed on 12 men, including 9 duodenal ulcer patients and 3 healthy subjects, aged 19-23 years (mean 20.5 +/- 1.2). Blood samples were drawn before, 30 and 150 min following the injection. Results obtained in duodenal ulcer patients and healthy subjects revealed the same type of changes. A single PRO injection did not significantly affect total peripheral blood lymphocyte, Th cell and monocyte counts; however, it slightly but significantly lowered numbers of T and Ts cells, which was accompanied by a rise in Th/Ts cell number ratio and NK cell numbers. PRO significantly augmented spontaneous as well as PHA-stimulated IL-2 receptor expression, IL-2 generation, NK cell activity and AMLR observed at 30 and 150 min after the drug injection. Possible mechanisms of these changes are discussed.

Adult↗