Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Yoshiya

Publications and source records attributed to K Yoshiya.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case report of aortic wall reconstruction utilizing heparin-coated temporary bypass tube and roller pump system].

A 51-year-old man with stage IIIB (T4N2M0) adenocarcinoma of the lung underwent left pneumonectomy and aortic wall resection. In this operation a heparin-coated tube and roller pump system were used. Advantages of a heparin-coated tube and roller pump system for temporary bypass are as follows. 1) simple operative procedure. 2) controllable bypass flow. 3) no need for anticoagulants.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Modified segmental gastrectomy combined with vagotomy for a gastric ulcer near the gastro-esophageal junction.

To avoid proximal gastrectomy which destroys the gastroesophageal closing mechanism, modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy was performed on 3 patients with gastric ulcers located in the stomach near the gastro-esophageal junction. These were all patients in whom a proximal gastrectomy would usually have been performed. The proximal line of resection did not encroach upon the mucosal rosette being within 1 cm of it following the margin of the ulcer. In each patient, the modified segmental resection of the upper stomach consisted of the surgical removal of a continuous strip of tissue including the ulcer and ulcer-bearing area along the wall followed by an end to end gastro-gastrostomy. In the 10 years following surgery, there have been no signs of reflux esophagitis, stricture, or recurrent ulcers in any of the 3 patients. This modified segmental gastrectomy with vagotomy is therefore recommended for gastric ulcers located near the gastro-esophageal junction.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of advanced (p-stage III.IV) lung cancer less than 2.0 cm in size].

We treated surgically 567 patients with primary lung cancer from June 1975 to December 1989. There were nine patients with advanced (p-stage III.IV) lung cancer less than 2.0 cm in size. The five year survival rate was 50.8%. The histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in 6, squamous cell carcinoma in 3. A curative resection was performed in seven of nine patients. Six patients had one level metastasis of mediastinal lymph node. Three patients in whom relative curative resection was performed at surgery later developed regional recurrence. However, distant metastasis was not evident in all but one of nine patients. In conclusion surgical resection is considered to be significant in patients with advanced (p-stage III.IV) lung cancer less than 2.0 cm in size.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Serum carnitine and nutritional status in children treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The serum carnitine (total carnitine), total protein, amino acid, and triglyceride levels were determined in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Compared with levels in controls, serum carnitine levels were significantly decreased in patients on CAPD for more than 4 months, while those of patients on CAPD for 1-3 months were not decreased. Patients on CAPD for more than 4 months also showed lower serum total protein levels than in normal controls. The mean triglyceride levels in patients on CAPD for both 1-3 months and more than 4 months were higher than those in normal controls. Among the amino acids, the serum levels of tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, valine, serine, and asparagine were significantly lower in patients treated with CAPD than in normal controls, whereas the levels of other amino acids were either increased or not changed. Isoleucine and leucine levels showed a strong correlation with serum carnitine. Our data suggest that malnutrition plays a role in the decrease of serum carnitine levels in patients receiving CAPD.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Immune abnormalities and clinical course in childhood IgA nephropathy.

Immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 56 children with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and 22 healthy controls. All the patients had persistent proteinuria at the time of diagnosis, and were divided into three clinical groups on the basis of urinary findings at the time of examination: 27 patients had proteinuria with or without microscopic hematuria (group A; active stage), 9 had microscopic hematuria only (group B; healing stage) and 20 had normal urine (group C; remission stage). PBMC from the patients in group A cultured without mitogenic stimulation produced significantly more IgA and IgG than those from controls (p less than 0.05). After polyclonal B cell stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), PBMC from patients in group A produced significantly more IgA than those from group B (p less than 0.05), group C (p less than 0.05) or controls (p less than 0.01), and produced significantly more IgG than those from group B (p less than 0.05) or controls (p less than 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in PWM-stimulated IgG production between groups A and C. PWM-stimulated PBMC from patients in group C produced significantly more IgA and IgG than those from controls (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in lymphocyte subpopulations among groups A, B and C and controls. These findings show that the clinical course of childhood IgAN is correlated with IgA production by PBMC suggesting that overproduction of IgA might be responsible for the pathogenesis of IgAN in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy after pulmonary resection of lung cancer for early detection in second lung cancer].

By the end of 1988, seventy five cases after pulmonary resection for lung cancer and one case after pulmonary resection for basal cell hyperplasia were examined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy as postoperative follow up. Endobronchial tumor was detected in 14 cases. In seven cases, endobronchial tumor was located at site far from the surgical bronchial anastomosis. These tumors were suspected as second lung cancer as long as examined by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Histological type of all of these was squamous cell carcinoma. Re-operations were performed in five cases and two of them were early lung cancer. In 6 cases (13.6%) among 44 cases examined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy after pulmonary resection for central type squamous cell carcinoma, second lung cancer was detected. In the case of central type squamous cell carcinoma, usually the tumor appears to be of same histological type and at same location. Among those cases those who smoke heavily should be separated as high risk group. If this group is followed with fiberoptic bronchoscopy or sputum cytological examination, it is more possible to detect second lung cancer at an early stage.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1989

[Partial volume effect in MRI--a phantom study].

According to the direction and the thickness of the imaging slice in tomography, the border between the tissues becomes unclear (partial volume effect). In the present MRI experiment, we examined border area between fat and water components using phantom in order to investigate the partial volume effect in MRI. In spin echo sequences, the intensity of the border area showed a linear relationship with composition of fat and water. Whereas, in inversion recovery and field echo sequences, we found the parameters to produce an extremely low intensity area at the border region between fat and water. This low intensity area was explained by cancellation of NMR signals from fat and water due to the difference in the direction of magnetic vectors. Clinically, partial volume effect can cause of mis-evaluation of walls, small nodules, tumor capsules and the tumor invasion in the use of inversion recovery and field echo sequences.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary complication after resection of lung cancer--difficulty in expectoration and cough dynamics].

From January 1975 to December 1986, 415 patients were operated for primary lung cancer. Postoperative pulmonary complications were observed in 83 patients and among them 48 patients (57.8%) suffered from difficulty in expectoration. Postoperative expectoration mostly depends on the ability of coughing. To evaluate cough dynamics, expiratory flow-rate and volume at voluntary maximal cough were measured. The more expiratory flow rate and volume a cough has, the more effective it is for expectoration. In those patients with decreased FEV1.0, or respiratory muscle weakness because of emaciation and aging, or severe pain in the wound, the cough dynamics was decreased. By cleaning retained secretions in the respiratory tract, postoperative pulmonary complications would be prevented. However in cases where the decrease in postoperative cough dynamics is predictable, application of limited resection should be considered as well.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnostic value of the cortico-medullary contrast on dynamic CT and MRI in chronic renal parenchymal diseases].

Correlation between cortico-medullary contrast (CMC) and dynamic CT or MRI for chronic renal parenchymal diseases was evaluated compared with serum creatinine level (Cr). Forty two kidneys of 23 patients were chronic glomerulonephritis (12), chronic pyelonephritis (12), chronic renal failure (4), and other diseases (14). Thirty two kidneys with low Cr (under 1.6) were demonstrated the good CMC by dynamic CT and T1-weighted image (IR) of 0.5 T. Six with middle of Cr (between 1.6 and 3.0) were showed a decrease in CMC and four with high Cr (over 3.0) had no CMC. CMC correlated with Cr.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1988

Focal and diffuse membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in children.

Characteristic deposition of C3 has been reported in type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Immunofluorescence microscopy shows diffuse granular deposition of C3 along the majority of capillary loops with lobular pattern. To determine the specificity of this immunofluorescence finding which might aid in distinction between type 1 MPGN, particularly focal MPGN, and the other glomerulopathies, 530 renal biopsies from 437 children were studied retrospectively. Nineteen patients showed diffuse granular deposits of C3 along the capillary walls with lobular distribution. Three patients had lupus nephritis. Nine patients showed the light microscopic changes of diffuse type I MPGN with the characteristic double-walled capillaries. Six patients showed the changes of focal MPGN, and 1 had diffuse mesangial proliferation but without double contours, and they were regarded as examples of a mild or early form of MPGN. A similar deposition of C3 was not seen in the 418 patients with other conditions. We concluded that diffuse granular deposits of C3 along the capillary walls with a lobular distribution appear to be confined to type I MPGN and lupus nephritis and are seen in all patients with diffuse and focal type I MPGN.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Insulin response following intravenous glucose administration in dogs with obstructive jaundice.

In order to further clarify the circulating insulin kinetics in obstructive jaundice, five anesthetized dogs were given a 15-min intravenous infusion of 1 g/kg glucose before and during the first 1 to 2 weeks after a common bile duct ligation. Significantly higher blood glucose levels, a lower insulin response in femoral vein blood, and a lower initial insulin response in portal vein blood were observed following glucose administration in the animals with jaundice. The ratio of (integrated portal insulin response-integrated femoral insulin response)/(integrated portal insulin response) was significantly increased in the animals with jaundice when compared with that of the control animals. These results suggest that a low peripheral insulin response following glucose administration in obstructive jaundice is induced by an augmented insulin extraction in the liver and/or peripheral tissue as well as by an insulin hyposecretion from the pancreas.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Clinical course of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in children.

The clinical presentation, initial laboratory and renal biopsy findings, and subsequent clinical course of IgA nephropathy were studied retrospectively in 200 children, and findings in those with younger onset and older onset were compared. Eighty-three patients were 8 years of age or younger (group 1) and 117 were 9 years of age or older (group 2) at onset. There were no differences between the two groups with regard to sex, initial renal function, incidence of hypertension and macroscopic hematuria, degree of proteinuria, and pathologic findings. At the latest follow-up, two patients in group 1 and eight in group 2 had chronic renal failure, and five patients in group 1 and 21 in group 2 had heavy proteinuria with or without hypertension (P less than 0.01), whereas 36 (43%) patients in group 1 and 29 (25%) in group 2 had normal urine, blood pressure, and glomerular filtration rate (P less than 0.01); the disease followed a significantly more benign course in children with younger onset than in those with older onset. These observations suggest some age-related differences in the natural history of childhood IgA nephropathy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Mesangial changes in IgA nephropathy in children.

The mesangial changes in 92 renal biopsy specimens from 81 children with IgA nephropathy were correlated with the clinical and the other renal biopsy findings. Three types of mesangial changes were identified: mesangial hypercellularity was predominant compared with the increase in matrix in 34 biopsy specimens (type A), the degrees of mesangial hypercellularity and matrix increase were similar in 36 (type B) and matrix increase was predominant in 22 (type C). The interval between the onset of disease and biopsy was significantly shorter in biopsies with type A mesangial changes (P less than 0.01) and significantly longer in those with type C (P less than 0.01). Serial pathologic observations revealed that predominant mesangial hypercellularity was almost exclusively seen in the initial biopsy but predominant matrix increase was usually seen in the follow-up biopsy. The percentage of glomeruli showing sclerosis was significantly higher in biopsies with type C mesangial changes (P less than 0.05). At the latest follow-up, 58% of the patients showing type A and 57% showing type B lost their proteinuria, whereas only 9% showing type C lost their proteinuria (P less than 0.01). These findings suggest that predominant mesangial hypercellularity is characteristic of the early lesion of childhood IgA nephropathy, and progression of disease leads to gradual decrease of mesangial cellularity and increase of matrix with sclerosis.

Biopsy↗