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Biomedical subjects

K Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to K Yoshimura.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A possible association of Y chromosome heterochromatin with stature.

A correlation between Y chromosome length and stature was statistically analyzed in a normal male population of 142 Japanese students with a mean age of 24.0 years. Evidence was obtained that increased length of the heterochromatic band Yq12 may be associated with increased height: The correlation coefficient between band Yq12 length and height was 0.17, statistically significant at the 5% level. And, taller males had longer Y chromosomes, in which the mean length of band Yq12 was significantly longer than that of shorter males. No correlation was seen between length of the euchromatic band Yq11 and stature. The present study reveals a possible effect of Yq heterochromatin on the development of body height in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

In vitro induction of HLA-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes against autologous Epstein-Barr Virus transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against autologous EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) were induced in vitro by culturing peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of healthy donors together with mitomycin C-treated autologous LCL for 6 days. The cytotoxic cells developed only from the E-rosette-positive fraction but not from the negative fraction of PBL. These CTL killed autologous LCL but not PWM-stimulated autologous PBL. In addition, the CTL killed allogeneic LCL when at least 1 of the HLA-A antigens was identical with that of the LCL of CTL donor. However, identity of HLA-B and HLA-C antigens was not enough for a significant killing of allogeneic LCL. The specificity of the CTL was also confirmed by a cold target inhibition test. These results indicated that the CTL induced specifically recognized EBV-transformed cells with HLA restriction.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Two cases of natural infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (author's transl)].

Two of 80 cynomolgus monkeys, Macaca fascicularis, imported from Indonesia showed weakness, anorexia, paralysis of extremities and dysstasia. The blood test conducted at the time of autopsy proved that the white blood cell count markedly decreased in both cases and the blood urea nitrogen content increased in Case No. 1. In Case No. 2, a high blood sugar value, a low red blood cell count and a low hematocrit value were recognized. Histologic examinations revealed the presence of fragments of a nematode in the subarachnoid space of the cerebrum, granular layer of the cerebellum and gray matter of the cervical spinal cord. The findings of eosinophilic meningitis, necrosis, foreign body giant cells and cellular infiltration predominantly with eosinophils were also noted there. Morphological features of the nematode found in the tissue sections were identical, in all respects, with those described by predecessors who made morphological observations on the cross sections of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Immunoelectrophoretic analyses of sera from these monkeys demonstrated the presence of band "a", which has been described to be highly specific to human A. cantonensis infection. Based on the above-mentioned evidences, the parasite fragments found in the histological sections from the monkeys were identified as A. cantonensis. The cases of natural infection reported herein represent the first, to our knowledge, in which migration of A. cantonensis larvae in the central nervous system of monkey was demonstrated. The present observation suggests applicability of simian angiostrongyliasis as a model for infections in man.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1980

Recurrence in early gastric cancer: a pathologic evaluation.

The cause of death in 26 of 220 cases of early gastric carcinoma was studied, particularly in relation to the mode of recurrence. Of the 26, 7 patients died of disease related causes and gross appearance revealed that 4 cases were IIa predominant, 2 were IIc (or +I), and 1 was IIc predominant. Histologic examination indicated that all 7 cases were differentiated-type adenocarcinomas. Two of 7 recurring carcinomas were due to residual carcinoma in the resected stumps and 5 patients had hematogenous metastases, particularly in the liver. Eighteen of the 26 patients died of other causes, in 1 case of unknown causes, and it is interesting that in 5 of the 18 cases, simultaneous or nonsimultaneous double carcinomas at sites other than the stomach were noted. In order to prevent recurrence in early gastric carcinoma, it is important that no carcinoma be left in the resected stump or remnant, and that the prophylaxis be achieved through the administration of adequate amounts of anticancer chemotherapy, in order to prevent hematogenous metastasis, particularly to the liver.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Refractoriness of the cyclic AMP response to catecholamines in rat parotid slices in vitro.

Parotid slices respond to norepinephrine with a rapid but transient accumulation of cyclic AMP. Continued exposure of the slices to norepinephrine results in a loss of responsiveness to subsequent application of norepinephrine (refractoriness or desensitization). Refractoriness could not be overcome by exposing the slices to a supra-maximum concentration of norepinephrine. The suppressed response was clearly seen at 15 min after the first exposure to norepinephrine, but about 60 min were required for reaching complete suppression. The refractoriness also depended on the concentration of agonists, and their order of potency correlated well with their agonistic activity. The induction of desensitization was beta- agonist specific, and was blocked by beta-adrenergic blocking agents such as atenolol and alprenolol. The recovery from desensitization was observed by removing norepinephrine from the medium. The recovery was not evident until 15 min after washing the slices, but was nearly complete after 1 hr. Although parallel changes were observed between the initial increase in cyclic AMP level and the degree of desensitization by norepinephrine, the induction of desensitization does not seem to be mediated by cyclic AMP. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon does not appear to involve the activation of phosphodiesterase, the formation of an inhibitory substance in the medium or an increase in the rate of excretion of cyclic AMP. Changes in the ATP level by norepinephrine did not always correlate with the degree of refractoriness. No significant changes in the amount of [3H]-dihydroalprenolol binding were found in the membrane fraction prepared from the slices incubated with norepinephrine. These results suggest that the induction of desensitization may be mediated by modulating the coupling process between the receptor and adenylate cyclase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

[Neuropharmacological studies on drug dependence (II). Changes in spontaneous motor activity, EEG and brain monoamines during the period of dependence development and of abrupt withdrawal in rats, with special reference to circadian rhythm (author's transl)].

The present study was an attempt to determine whether the circadian rhythm as recorded by Animex and EEG can be used as an indicator of drug dependence in rats, and also to examine the correlation between drug dependence and changes in several monoamines. Repetitive injections of morphine (MP), methamphetamine (MAPT) and cocaine (CC) markedly increased motor activity for about 4 hours post-injection, depending on the number of injections and also remarkably increased the state of wakefulness (AW), but decreased the amount of both slow wave sleep (SWS) and fast wave sleep (FWS) in the EEG sleep-wakefulness cycles during the 7-hour observation period. The injection of MP induced the dissociation between EEG and behavior. SWS increased in phenobarbital (PNB)- and diazepam (DZP)-dependent rats. Abrupt withdrawal of MP resulted in a consistent decrease in motor activity, an increase in AW, and a decrease in SWS and FWS both during the day and at night. The withdrawal of PNB and DZP produced an increase in motor activity and AW, and a decrease in SWS both during the day and at night. The circadian rhythm seen during the course of repetitive injections of MAPT and CC disappeared immediately following the withdrawal. Normal rhythm was recovered with an increase in SWS at night. Repetitive administration and subsequent abrupt withdrawal of the drugs altered the contents and turnover rates of the three monoamines.

Animals↗