Gynaecomastia induced by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
K Yoshimoto
Publications and source records attributed to K Yoshimoto.
Hemofiltrability of H2-receptor antagonist, famotidine, in renal failure patients.
To determine if a new H2-receptor antagonist, famotidine, would be significantly removed by arteriovenous hemofiltration, we measured plasma concentrations and amounts of the drug recovered in ultrafiltrate during 18 sessions of an intermittent hemofiltration performed in five patients with renal failure receiving the repeated intravenous dosings of the drug (5-20 mg/day). Plasma and ultrafiltrate drug concentrations were determined by using a high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection. The mean (+/- SD) amount of the drug removed by the procedure, which was performed at the mean ultrafiltration rate of 19.0 +/- 6.0 ml/min over the mean duration of 212 +/- 168 min, corresponded to 4.1 +/- 2.2% of the daily maintenance doses. There was a significant (r = 0.90, P less than .01) linear relationship between the hemofiltration clearance and the ultrafiltration rate, indicating that the sieving coefficient, an index filtration efficiency, for the drug was largely constant (i.e., 0.73 +/- 0.10) over the ranging filtration rates (i.e., 3.9-29.5 mL/min) employed in the present study. When the mean filtration efficiency of 0.73 obtained from the study is extrapolated into a 24-hour continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration performed at commonly used filtration rates (i.e., 6-12 ml/min), the 24-hour hemofiltration clearances are estimated to range from 4 to 9 ml/min. These clearance values are found to correspond to only 10 to 25% of the mean total body clearance (about 35 ml/min) reported from anuric patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
Negligible removal of lidocaine during arteriovenous hemofiltration.
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Aged↗
Commercial assay for steroid sulphatase activity in X-linked ichthyosis.
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Arylsulfatases↗
Opiate-induced inhibition of calcium flux in immune cells.
Administration of morphine as a subcutaneous implant inhibits the initial influx of calcium (Ca2+) induced by mitogens in mouse splenocytes. This effect was not reproduced by incubation of splenocytes with morphine (10(-8)-10(-4)M). Within T cell subpopulations, CD4+, but not CD8+ cells were affected. Adrenalectomy abolished this effect of morphine in CD4+ but not B cells. Moreover, simultaneous administration of the opiate antagonist naltrexone blocked the effect of morphine in B cells, but not in CD4+ cells. These data indicate that inhibition of Ca2+ influx by morphine may be mediated through distinct glucocorticoid-dependent and independent mechanisms. The morphine-induced inhibition of Ca2+ influx in immune cells reported here may be an early event mediating opiate-induced immunosuppression.
Adrenalectomy↗
[Comparative studies of serological test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae on 73 cases of lower respiratory infection disease].
The purpose of this report is to evaluate a test kit based on the High Density Composite Particle Agglutination Test Method (HDPA method, Newly developed by Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd). Diagnosis of Mycoplasmosis has been done with clinical symptoms, breast x-ray examination, serum anti-M. pneumoniae antibody detection and bacteriological test result. Recently, we had the chance to use this HDPA method (IMMUNOTICLES MYCO) and compared the results with bacteriological test, complement fixation method (CF) and particle agglutination method (PA) using the cases of seventy-three (73) lower respiratory infected patients. The evaluation outcomes (positive rate, sensitivities and specificities) comparing with the conventional methods based on the clinical cultured results and clinical diagnostic results respectively are shown as follows. 1) The evaluation outcomes based on the cultured results. Forty-one (41) cases of 73 samples, we could isolate the M. pneumoniae (56.2%). a) The HDPA method is correlated with CF (r = 0.885, n = 73) and PA (r = 0.764, n = 73) respectively. b) The positive rate of HDPA, PA and CF are 45.2%, 31.5% and 20.5% respectively. 2) The evaluation outcomes based on the clinical diagnosis. a) The sensitivity of the HDPA method is 66.0% and this one is much higher than the one of CF and PA. b) The specificity of the HDPA method is 92.3%. c) The positive rate of the HDPA method is higher than the one of PA and CF even though the assay was done within seven-days. In conclusion, the HDPA method is a very sophisticated method for diagnosis of M. pneumoniae and able to be substituted to any other conventional methods.
Agglutination Tests↗
[Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium with persistent superior vena cava].
A 69-year-old male, who had been found (during a routine roentgenogram of the chest at an annual check-up) to have cardiomegaly, had been asymptomatic until 63 years of age, when DOE and swelling of the legs appeared. He visited our hospital because these symptoms has become more severe. Physical examination revealed JVD, third heart sound and a grade 3 holosystolic murmur, hepatomegaly and edema in the lower legs. His ECG showed atrial fibrillation. His chest X-P showed marked cardiomegaly and rt pleural effusion. His echocardiography and MRI revealed a marked enlargement of the right atrium and a slight enlargement of the right ventricle. The latter also showed persistent left superior vena cava. The cardiac catheterization, angiocardiography and intracavitary electrocardiography revealed no organic cardiac disease which induced enlargement of the right atrium. The idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium is a rare disease. Patients suffering from this disease are asymptomatic in most cases. We reported the idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium with persistent left superior vena cava in this paper.
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[Hospital and district differences in susceptibilities to antibiotics of main clinical isolates].
A nationwide survey of susceptibilities of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. and Proteus mirabilis initiated in 1980 was continued in 1986. This report documents differences in susceptibilities of clinical isolates of the above microorganisms to ampicillin (ABPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cefmetazole (CMZ) and gentamicin (GM) among general hospitals throughout Japan. Clinical isolates of each species of microorganisms which were collected in 24 hospitals made up each study group and were collected at the Kosei General Hospital, Tokyo, from April 1980 to March 1986. We compared the variability in the resistant rates (MIC greater than or equal to 25 micrograms/ml) and MICs of each antibiotic for 50% and 80% of the isolates among the hospitals. MICs were determined by the serial 2 fold agar plate dilution method, standardized by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, with an inoculum of approximately 10(6) CFU/ml or 10(8) CFU/ml. Susceptibility patterns of S. aureus to ABPC, CEZ and GM, of E. coli to ABPC, of Klebsiella sp. to CEZ and GM and of P. mirabilis to ABPC, CEZ and GM varied from hospital to hospital. On the other hand, the differences in the susceptibility patterns among the 6 districts of Japan were not obvious, because the differences were affected by different susceptibility patterns of each hospital located in each district.
Ampicillin↗
[In vitro susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. to antibiotics].
A nationwide susceptibility survey of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae initiated in 1980 was continued for the 8th consecutive year. A total of 4,421 strains of E. coli and 2,825 strains of K. pneumoniae isolated mainly from urine, sputum and pus, were obtained from 69 hospitals throughout Japan during the 2 years (1986-1987). MICs were determined using the agar plate dilution method (Mueller-Hinton agar, BBL) with inoculation of 10(8)CFU/ml bacteria. Antibiotics tested in this survey were 2 penicillins, 7 cephems and 2 aminoglycosides. Most of the strains of the two species of bacteria were susceptible to ceftizoxime (CZX), cefotetan (CTT), latamoxef (LMOX), cefotiam (CTM) and cefmetazole (CMZ) and also gentamicin (GM) and netilmicin (NTL) were active against both species of bacteria. About 90% of the E. coli strains were inhibited at a concentration of 0.20 micrograms/ml of CZX, 0.39 micrograms/ml of LMOX, 0.78 micrograms/ml of CTT, 1.56 micrograms/ml of CTM or NTL, or 3.13 micrograms/ml of CMZ or GM. Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin (ABPC) and piperacillin. For the strains of K. pneumoniae, similar results were obtained. Yearly changes in susceptibility of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were not obvious with ABPC, cefazolin, CMZ or GM. No significant differences were observed during 1986-1987 in susceptibilities of the isolates of both species of bacteria due to different clinical specimens. These results suggest that the 2nd and the 3rd generation cephems and aminoglycosides, alone or in combination, may be efficacious in treating infections due to E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
Ampicillin↗
[Susceptibilities of uropathogenic bacteria to ampicillin, cefazolin, cefmetazole and gentamicin. Nine-year survey of changing patterns of susceptibilities].
We analyzed antibiotic susceptibilities of urinary isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, and Indole (+) Proteus group to ampicillin (ABPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cefmetazole (CMZ) and gentamicin (GM) in 69 laboratories in 1988 and also studied changing patterns of susceptibilities from 1980 to 1988. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method (MUELLER-HINTON agar, BBL) with inoculation of 10(6) cfu/ml of bacteria. Ninety to 99% of the strains of E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and P. mirabilis were inhibited at a concentration of 6.25 micrograms/ml of CEZ and CMZ and of 1.56 micrograms/ml of GM. Approximately 80% of the strains of Indole (+) Proteus group were inhibited at concentrations of 6.25 micrograms/ml of CMZ and of 1.56 micrograms/ml of GM. However, resistance to ABPC and CEZ was high, with 83% and 81% of the strains being not inhibited at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml of ABPC and CEZ, respectively. No significant changes in susceptibilities of the 4 bacteria to the above 4 antibiotics were observed over the 9 year period. No increase was found in the incidence of the resistant strains of the 4 bacteria to CMZ and GM, nor of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. to CEZ.
Ampicillin↗
[Elevation of soluble transferrin receptor substance in serum of cancer patients with suppressed natural killer activity].
Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) in serum of cancer patients was measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of sTfR for natural killer cytotoxicity was also studied. The statistical values of sTfR levels in sera were found to be 250 +/- 77 U (Mean +/- SD) in healthy individuals, while 288 +/- 162 U in chronic liver disease, 402 +/- 290 U in hepatocellular carcinoma, 429 +/- 261 U in gastric cancer, 347 +/- 207 U in acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma, and 251 +/- 100 U in other cancer. No significant difference in the sTfR levels among the patients was observed, although the difference between the healthy individuals and the patient groups was shown to be statistically significant at p less than 0.01 level. The effect of sTfR isolated from serum of a patient with iron-deficiency anemia by means of Sephadex G-200 column for natural killer activity was carried out. Cytotoxicity of natural killer cell in healthy individuals was inhibited by sTfR as the dose dependent manner, and the inhibitory rate was found to be 23.1 +/- 12.8% (Mean +/- SD) when the concentration of the sTfR was 1,250 U added in the cytotoxicity test. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of serum in cancer patients was correlated with the sTfR level. These results suggest that sTfR is one of the inhibitory factors for the natural killer cell activity in vivo, and the factor could be facilitated for tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, the measurement of sTfR in serum may be useful for monitoring immunological competency in cancer patients.
Anemia, Hypochromic↗
Loss of the same alleles of HRAS1 and D11S151 in two independent pancreatic cancers from a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.
The DNAs from two independent pancreatic cancers (tumors 1 and 2) in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 were analyzed. No amplification or gross rearrangement of 19 protooncogenes was observed. However, Southern blot analysis using polymorphic DNA probes revealed loss of heterozygosity at loci on chromosome 11p in both tumors. In tumor 1, an extensive region including the HRAS1, PTH, CALCA, and D11S151 loci was deleted, while in tumor 2 loss of heterozygosity was limited at the HRAS1 and D11S151 loci. Because loss of heterozygosity at other chromosomal loci in the two tumors was quite rare, loss of genes on 11p might be nonrandom. It is noteworthy that the same allele at the HRAS1 locus and also the same allele at the D11S151 locus were lost in the two independent tumors. These results suggest that loss of genes at the HRAS1 and/or D11S151 loci plays an important role unmasking the remaining sequences probably having a recessive mutation.
Adult↗
Synthesis of 11 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone haptens.
C-4 and C-6 bridged haptens of 11 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, an anti-androgen, were respectively synthesized via 4, 5 and 5 alpha, 6 alpha epoxide ring openings using 3-mercaptopropanoic acid. Substitution of 6-bromo derivative of progesterone using the same reagent unexpectedly afforded a C-4 substituted product instead of the normal C-6 substituted product previously reported in the literature.
Chemical Phenomena↗
Human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines with characteristics of intraclonal variation in B-cell differentiation stage.
The acute lymphoblastic cell lines designated BAL-KHc and BAL-KHs were established from the peripheral blood of a Japanese female patient with a B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The BAL-KHc and BAL-KHs exhibited B-cell characteristics with positive cell markers for CD19, CD20, CD21 and HLA-DR antigens. Immunoglobulin with gamma and kappa chains was demonstrated on the cultured and fresh leukemia cells respectively. The cells lacked the Epstein-Barr virus genome and expressed abnormal chromosome constitutions including a t(8;14)(q24;q32). These results suggested that the cell lines present B-cell characteristics. The BAL-KHc cells showed different cell growth characteristics and cell surface marker profile compared to those of the BAL-KHs. These variations suggest that the BAL-KHc cells were probably frozen at a different stage of B-cell maturation from those of BAL-KHs, although both cell lines originated from the cells in the same peripheral blood sample of the patient.
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Ectopic production of parathyroid hormone by small cell lung cancer in a patient with hypercalcemia.
Severe hypercalcemia (serum calcium, 4.37-4.84 nmol/L) was found in a 70-yr-old man who had a small cell carcinoma of the lung with multiple metastases. The plasma immunoreactive PTH concentration was markedly elevated, as measured in three different PTH assays [N-terminal PTH, 4,650 ng/L (normal, 230-630); midregion PTH, 13,850 ng/L (normal, 180-560); C-terminal PTH, 9,900 ng/L (normal, less than 1,300)], but at autopsy the parathyroid glands were histologically normal. The PTH concentration of a liver metastasis was 503.5 ng/g wet wt (normal liver, less than 4.2-5.9), and the PTH in the tumor extract eluted at nearly the same position as synthetic human PTH-(1-84) on gel filtration chromatography. Northern blot analysis revealed PTH mRNA in the tumor as a single band of 0.9 kilobase. These results indicate that the ectopic PTH production by the lung cancer was the cause of hypercalcemia in this patient.
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[A case of Hodgkin's disease exhibiting erythrodermia probably due to allergic reaction to vinca alkaloids].
A 58-year-old man with Hodgkin's disease exhibited erythrodermia due to allergic reaction to vincristine sulfate (VCR) and vindesine sulfate (VDS). However, chemotherapy could be continued by changing VCR and VDS to etoposide without allergic symptom. Clinical observation strongly suggested that erythrodermia was due to the use of vinca alkaloids in this patient. Hematological and neurological side effects have been well known for VDS and VCR, but erythrodermia has not yet been reported as being caused by these agents. It is often difficult to differentiate drugs as a cause of an allergic reaction when several drugs are used together. Therefore, it is important to collect all the cases showing the effects of drugs.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
Genetic differences in the effects of voluntary ethanol consumption on brain monoamine levels in inbred strains of mice, C57BL/6J, C3H/He and DBA/2Cr.
This study was carried out to determine whether concentrations of the brain monoamines noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine or serotonin (5-HT) are different in three inbred strains of mice (C57BL/6J, C3H/He and DBA/2Cr) known to differ in their preference to alcohol, when they were given a free choice of 10% (v/v) ethanol and tap water to drink for 4 weeks. Mice of these three strains showed mean ethanol intakes of 4.41, 1.76 and 0.77 g/kg/day respectively. Levels of the above brain monoamines did not change in the alcohol-preferring C57BL/6J mice, but in those with less preference for alcohol, C3H/He and DBA/2Cr, there were significant increases in DA and 5-HT levels respectively during the 4-week experiment. These findings suggest that inbred strains of mice show genetic differences of susceptibility to ethanol and that the strains with a low preference for alcohol undergo neurochemical changes after exposure to 10% ethanol and water even by free choice.
Alcohol Drinking↗
[A case of acute dissecting aneurysm of the aorta in systemic lupus erythematosus].
A 28 year-old female patient who has been diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed an acute dissecting aneurysm of the aorta (DeBakey type I). The long-term, large dose corticosteroid therapy (i.e., accumulative dose of about 60 g) administered for the treatment of lupus nephritis (WHO class III----IV) was considered to be responsible for a hypercholesterolemia (300-560 mg/dl) and a steroid-dependent hypertension (WHO class III) in this patient. The autopsy findings for the aorta were compatible with atherosclerotic changes but not with lupus arteritis. While atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications have been considered to be rare in patients with SLE, a growing body of evidence suggests that the incidence of such a complication may be increasing along with a dramatic improvement in the longevity of patients with SLE after an introduction of a large dose, long-term corticosteroid therapy.
Adult↗