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Biomedical subjects

K Yasui

Publications and source records attributed to K Yasui.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy: a case report].

A 30-year-old man with chronic sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) lasting more than seven years was treated with propranolol, 30 mg/day. This resulted in controlled cardiac rates of 90 to 130/min during sleep, and 100 to 195/min while awake. However, he experienced Adams-Stokes attacks twice, in September and December, 1986. During the second attack, ambulatory heart monitoring showed his VT rate of 212/min. An electrophysiological study revealed that the VT focal point was in the lower-mid region of the interventricular septum in the right ventricle. The VT was characterized by abnormal enhanced automaticity. This VT could not be interrupted either by single or multiple combinations of antiarrhythmic drugs. Cardiac catheterization revealed a diffusely enlarged hypokinetic left ventricle, even at the rate of 120/min VT (EF 27%, C.I. 2.3 l/min/m2). Because of his severe hemodynamic state, we performed electrical catheter ablation successfully. After the ablation, his left ventricular wall motion gradually improved. Nine months after the ablation, his left ventricular diastolic dimension decreased from 64 to 48 mm and the left ventricular systolic dimension decreased from 57 to 28 mm on M-mode echocardiography, while ejection fraction increased from 27 to 73% on the left ventriculography. Bi-ventricular myocardial biopsy specimens obtained prior to the ablation revealed only cellular hypertrophy of varying degrees, and vacuole degeneration consistent with non-specific cardiomyopathy. However, nine months after the ablation, these findings were no longer present. Thus, this case was considered tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy initiated by VT, lasting many years.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer--major hepatic resection and continuous hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy].

From April 1983 to April 1989, 123 cases of liver metastases from colorectal cancer were treated. Forty-three cases underwent hepatic resection. Forty had 5-FU, MMC, and ADM infusion chemotherapy through arterial catheter (FAM i.A.). The remaining had other treatment. In this study, 43 cases of hepatic resection and 32 out of 40 cases of FAM i.A. were evaluated. Thirty-nine of the 43 had major hepatic resection with regional lymph nodes dissection and 4 had partial hepatectomy. Regional lymph-nodes metastases were seen in 5 out of 39 dissected (12.8%). Small liver metastases which could not be diagnosed before or at surgery, were existed in 4 of 15 multiple liver metastases (26.7%). Three-year survival rates, calculates by Kaplan-Meier's method, were 53.5% in all, 57.4% in the solitary, and 42.8% in the multiple metastases. Three-year survival rates of the recurrences were 55% in the extra-hepatic and 24.5% in the hepatic recurrences. FAM i.A. was completed in 32 unresectable liver metastases. Responses of the FAM i.A. were observed in 21/32 (65.6%). Fifty percent survival rates were 11.7 months in all and 22.2 months in 13 cases without extra-hepatic lesions. Considering risk factors (multiple or large solitary metastases, unrecognized small liver metastases, lymph nodes metastases), major anatomic hepatectomy with lymph nodes dissection may be the treatment of choice for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. FAM i.A. had a good local response.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Developments in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer in view of the quality of life].

The quality of life of patients who had undergone a primary radical resection of the rectum for cancer was restricted by colostomy, urinary incontinence or sexual disturbance. This paper describes the developments and surgical results of sphincter saving operation and nerve preserving operation for rectal cancer. 1) Sphincter saving operation: With the advent of modern sphincter saving techniques such as low anterior resection and stapling technique, abdomino-perineal resection of the rectum are no longer necessary for the treatment of nearly all tumors of rectosigmoid, three of four tumors of the upper rectum and one of five tumors of the lower rectum. At low anterior resection of the rectum, in general principle, the affected parts of the diseased rectum were resected with a macroscopically free margin of at least 3 cm on anal side of the cancer. Recurrence rates of anterior resection were fewer than those of abdomino-perineal resection, and five year survival rates after AR were better than those of after APR. 2) Autonomic nerve preserving operation: As it is impossible to remove the internal iliac lymph-nodes completely without disturbing the underlying pelvic plexus, an autonomic nerve preserving operation was done unless there was microscopic lymphatic gland involvement by frozen section. Urinary bladder function was impaired in 80% of patients after extended lateral dissection without nerve preservation whereas it was unaffected in 14 of 16 patients after nerve preserving operation. Six of seven male patients with nerve preserving operation retained potency, but only one was capable of ejaculation.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[A case of long surviving gastric cancer with an malignant acanthosis nigricans].

Reported the case of a 73 year old female who was diagnosed as having a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans and had a long survival, totaling about 8 years 6 months after operation. Further, her skin lesion completely disappeared. In general, a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans is said to have a very poor prognosis and an analysis of recent cases has indicated that the average survival is about 10 months. The reason for such a bad prognosis is thought to be that the diagnosis of a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans is usually determined only after the cancer is far advanced.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1990

[CT findings complicating percutaneous nephrostomy, lithotomy and lithotripsy].

Reviews of the CT scans of percutaneous nephrostomy, lithotomy and lithotripsy disclosed 14 out of 78 cases (17.9%) with evidence of complications. Renal and perirenal hematomas were detected in five cases and the other five cases showed collections of contrast material in the retroperitoneum except for the anterior pararenal space. CT demonstrated clearly the anatomic distribution and extent of renal hemorrhage and extravasation of contrast material. Three cases of pleural effusion on CT were accompanied by blood or contrast material collections in the posterior pararenal space. No patients required immediate surgery and CT findings helped the choice of conservative therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging of the metastatic vertebral tumor].

Fourty two patients underwent MR studies for a variety of lesions in the vertebral body. A 0.15-T MR system was employed. Twenty five patients were found to have malignant metastatic lesions (group 1); 16 had non-neoplastic lesions (group 2). The ability to discriminate between group 1 and group 2 with MR imaging was evaluated. All malignant metastatic lesions appeared as low intensity areas on both T1-weighted spin echo image and inversion recovery image, but 44 to 53% of the non-neoplastic lesions appeared as low intensity areas, respectively. The diagnostic ability with signal intensity of the vertebral column was evaluated on various pulse sequences; sensitivity of inversion recovery and T1-weighted spin echo image was 100%, in contrast specificity of these pulse sequences was 47 to 56%, overall accuracy was the highest on T1-weighted spin echo image (86%). The signal intensity of intervertebral disk was also evaluated in both groups. The intervertebral disks adjacent to the all malignant metastatic lesions showed normal intensity on both T1-weighted spin echo image and inversion recovery image, but non-neoplastic lesions showed variable intensities on images with all pulse sequences. The diagnostic ability with the signal intensities of the vertebral column and intervertebral disk was higher than that of the vertebral columns alone. Consequently accuracy was the highest in that case of both intervertebral disk and bone marrow which were imaged on T1-weighted spin echo (93%). We concluded that this diagnostic method was useful in distinguishing malignant metastatic from non-neoplastic lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Host range bias of the JC virus mutant enhancer with DNA rearrangement.

JC-HEK, a JC virus (JCV) host range mutant adapted to growth in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK), has DNA rearrangement in the control region for early transcription. The 822-bp rearranged segment of JC-HEK (containing one authentic promoter-enhancer unit of 98 bp and truncated coding region of T-antigen and VP-1 genes) was inserted into pSV0cat vector and examined for expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). The CAT activity induced by the mutant was comparable to that by the SV40 promoter-enhancer (pSV2cat) and four times as high as that by the prototype JCV (Mad-1) in HEK cells, whereas the two JCV promoter-enhancers were equally efficient in a permissive neuroblastoma cell line. On the other hand, both JC-HEK DNA with three DNA replication origins and Mad-1 DNAs replicated after transfection into HEK cells at a similar efficiency in the presence of JCV T-antigen. The elevated promotor-enhancer activity caused by the DNA rearrangement seems to play a major role in adaptation of JCV to growth in HEK cells.

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein expressed by recombinant baculoviruses.

Recombinant baculoviruses containing the coding sequences of the viral structural proteins, i.e., the capsid (C) protein, the precursor to premembrane (preM) protein, and the envelope (E) protein, as well as a nonstructural protein, NS1, of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) were constructed. Infection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells with these recombinant viruses produced PreM and E proteins. The E proteins synthesized by the recombinants were shown to be glycosylated and similar in size to the authentic E protein. The E protein was found on the surface of infected cells. The antigenic properties of recombinant E proteins were evaluated using a panel of monoclonal antibodies produced against JEV E protein. It was demonstrated that all of the epitopes detectable on the authentic JEV E protein were present on the recombinant E protein expressed by a recombinant baculovirus containing the coding sequence for a part of C, PreM, E, and a part of NS1 proteins. However, for E protein expressed by a recombinant baculovirus having the coding sequence of only a part of PreM, but all of E and a part of NS1, one of the flavivirus cross-reactive epitopes was not detected. Mice immunized with cells infected with the recombinant baculoviruses developed neutralization antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Dopamine inhibition of superoxide anion production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

To examine the modulatory effects of catecholamines on the respiratory burst in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), dopamine was tested for its capacity to modify the superoxide anion (O2-) production by PMNs under their stimulation with several stimuli. Dopamine inhibited the O2- production by PMNs when PMNs were stimulated with N-formylated chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), phorbol myristate acetate, or opsonized zymosan, whereas dopamine did not alter the PMN mobility. The values of percentage inhibition of the O2- production by FMLP-stimulated PMNs were 57% under treatment with 10(-5) mol/L and 83% with 10(-4) mol/L of dopamine. Isoproterenol also inhibited PMN O2- production in response to FMLP. Although a beta-adrenergic blockade, propranolol, diminished the isoproterenol-induced inhibition of the O2- production, it did not affect the inhibitory effect of dopamine. The increase in intracellular cyclic AMP levels in dopamine-treated PMNs was much smaller than the increase in isoproterenol-treated cells. Furthermore, dopamine inhibited the reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent O2- production by subcellular particles. These results indicate that dopamine inhibits PMN O2- production through its effect on PMN reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase system rather than through its beta-adrenergic action.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and the nucleotide sequence of the Clostridium thermocellum trpE gene.

The trpE gene of Clostridium thermocellum, a moderately thermophilic and absolutely anaerobic bacterium, was cloned by its ability to complement growth of an Escherichia coli tryptophan auxotroph (trpE) deficient in anthranilate synthase I. The nucleotide sequence of trpE and its flanking region was determined. The trpE gene overlapped at the termination codon with a putative initiation codon of trpG (trp[G]D), as deduced from the amino acid sequence homology with anthranilate synthase II of Serratia marcescens. S1-nuclease mapping of the trpE transcript produced in E. coli cells suggested that the promoter of C. thermocellum was utilized by E. coli. The amino acid sequence of anthranilate synthase I of C. thermocellum predicted from the nucleotide sequence is more similar to that of an extremely thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus HB8, than that of mesophilic bacteria.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Chemoattractant receptors of neonatal polymorphonuclear leukocytes: lack of modulation of the receptors by membrane modifier.

To analyze a defect(s) in chemotactic responsiveness of human neonatal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), PMN functions and their chemoattractant receptor properties were examined using N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). Amphotericin B (AmB) is known to affect human PMN membrane and to alter cellular functions. Although the AmB treatment decreased the FMLP binding and cellular movement in adult PMN, there were no such changes in neonatal PMN. Kinetics studies of 3H-FMLP binding to PMN, furthermore, indicated the poor internal transportation of the chemoattractant into neonatal PMN. These abnormalities, which are related to the chemoattractant receptors, may explain in part the defective chemotaxis of neonatal PMN.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1989

Calcium ion regulates aerial mycelium formation in actinomycetes.

Ca2+ induced the formation of aerial mycelia in Streptomyces ambofaciens. Its effect was inhibited by ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, a Ca2+ specific chelating agent. A survey of 36 strains of actinomycetes showed that Ca2+ regulated aerial mycelium formation in 21 (58%) of them. The Ca2+ concentration required for aerial mycelium formation in the culture medium ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 mM.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1989

[Effects and side effects of hypertensive intra-arterial chemotherapy (CDDP, PEP) in advanced cancer of the uterine cervix].

UNLABELLED: We have been treating advanced cancer of the uterine cervix with intra-arterial cisplatin (CDDP) and pepleomycin (PEP) (injected into the bilateral internal iliac artery), combined with radiotherapy and hysterectomy. Concomitant angiotensin II (AT II) administered by intravenous drip infusion was double the tumoral blood flow and thereby enhanced the efficiency of the intra-arterial chemotherapeutic regimen. But CDDP runs the risk of renal and myelotoxicity, so we studied renal dysfunction after treatment by examining serum and urinary beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m), and RBC, Hb, WBC, lymphocyte, and PLT. RESULTS: At 1 week after the treatment, evaluation of the histological effects showed, Grade IIb: 72.7% (8/11 cases). Serum beta 2-m was within normal limit and not changed. Urinary beta 2-m levels increased to abnormal levels at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment, and fell to normal levels at 3 weeks after treatment. RBC, Hb, WBC, lymphocyte, and PLT fell most at 3 weeks after treatment and then increased slowly. This suggests that hypertensive intra-arterial chemotherapy (CDDP) impaired kidney and bone marrow, mildly and reversibly, and its appropriate interval is about 4 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of advanced uterine cervical cancer responsive to continuous intra-arterial chemotherapy using an implanted drug delivery system].

Selective intra arterial hypertensive infusion of CDDP (100 mg) and PEP (40 mg) with angiotensin II was performed in a 64 year-old housewife with inoperable uterine cervical cancer stage IVa and transitional cell cancer of bladder (grade 1-2). PEP at 5 mg/day was also administered for 20 days (total 100 mg) using an implanted Drug Delivery System through the left internal iliac artery combined with irradiation therapy. There were hardly any side effects due to this treatment except for a slight upper digestive tract disturbance and bone marrow suppression, and the cancerous lesion gradually regressed following this treatment. This case suggested the efficacy of intra-arterial infusion using an implanted Drug Delivery System for advanced uterine cervical cancer. There has been no sign of recurrence six months after this treatment.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

[Blood levels of mitomycin C in patients given by various routes of administration].

Twenty mg of mitomycin C was administered to patients with colo-rectal cancer through various routes of administration. The values of pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows Intra-arterial administration (3 patients with rectal cancer): T1/2 alpha 8.4 min, T1/2 beta 63.8 min, maximum concentration (5 min after ia injection) 0.83 microgram/ml, AUC0-120 25.0 micrograms/ml/min. Intra-portal administration (7 patients with colon cancer): T1/2 alpha 6.1 min, T1/2 beta 61.0 min, maximum concentration (5 min after iv.) 0.75 microgram/ml, AUC0-120 25.3 micrograms/ml/min. Intra-peritoneal administration (14 patients with colon cancer): maximum concentration (20-30 min after i.p.) 0.23 microgram/ml, AUC0-120 21.1 micrograms/ml/min. Intra-pelvic administration (7 patients with rectal cancer): maximum concentration (20-30 min after i.p.) 0.06 micrograms/ml, AUC0-120 7.3 micrograms/ml/min. The reduction curve of intra-arterial administration closely resembles to that of intra-portal administration. Maximum blood level and AUC of intracavitary administration were relatively low compared with those of administration into blood vessels. Bone marrow suppression was seen in patients given mitomycin C into blood vessels and wound healing disturbance such as anastomotic leakage were noted in patients by intra-cavitary administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The correlation between preoperative pathologic diagnosis of a biopsy specimen and postoperative pathologic diagnosis of a tissue specimen involving colorectal cancer patients].

An endoscopic biopsy was performed on specimens taken from 374 patients with a large bowel cancer, who had received a colo-rectal resection between 1980 and 1984. An average of three to four biopsy specimens was taken from each patient. The pathological diagnosis of these specimens revealed a carcinoma with an identifiable pathological classification in 280 patients (74.9%), a carcinoma without an identifiable classification in 54 (14.4%), a suspect cancer in 7 (1.9%), and no sign of a cancer in 33 (8.8%). The diagnosis of the 33 cases in which no cancer was detected were adenoma in 11 patients, inflammation in 8, necrosis in 1, and no clear pathological determination in 11. The correspondence rates between a biopsy specimen and a tissue specimen diagnoses were 57.9% in a well differentiated adenocarcinoma; 77.4% in a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; 85.5% in a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma; and 100% in a mucoid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗