Biomedical subjects

K Yanaka

Publications and source records attributed to K Yanaka.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Cavernous hemangioma over the anterior fontanelle.

This is a report of an extremely rare case of cavernous hemangioma over the anterior fontanelle in a 5-year-old boy. Cavernous hemangioma is most common in or beneath the skin of the face, neck, and extremities and sometimes occurs in the scalp. Although cavernous hemangioma is often quoted in the literature as a differential diagnosis of a mass located at the anterior fontanelle, we could not find an illustrative case in published articles. We discuss the characteristics and differential diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma over the anterior fontanelle.

Carotid Arteries↗

PubMed1992

Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm after intraventricular hemorrhage from ruptured arteriovenous malformation.

We present a rare case showing symptomatic vasospasm after intraventricular hemorrhage from a ruptured arteriovenous malformation. No significant subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns was observed on computed tomography in the entire course of illness. Although most cases showing vasospasm are associated with the deposition of blood in the basal cisterns, this case suggests the possibility of some other important factor in causing the subsequent development of vasospasm.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗

PubMed1992

Morphometrical analysis of GFAP-positive cells in human astrocytomas.

The morphometrical characteristics of human astrocytoma were examined using the shape, size, and intercellular distances of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells in samples from 21 patients with various astrocytomas and normal samples resected during operations on seven patients with other brain tumors. The results showed that astrocytoma cells were rounder than normal astrocytes with fewer processes. Low-grade astrocytomas were smaller than astrocytes or rapid regrowth astrocytomas. Morphological analysis of astrocytoma may be valuable for evaluating the potential migration to adjacent tissue.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Foramen magnum meningioma and arachnoid cyst coinciding in the lateral cerebellomedullary cistern--case report.

An extremely rare foramen magnum meningioma associated with an arachnoid cyst in the lateral cerebellomedullary cistern occurred in a 65-year-old female presenting with dizziness. Neuroimaging revealed a meningioma at the left lateral edge of the foramen magnum and an arachnoid cyst mainly located in the right lateral cerebellomedullary cistern, compressing the medulla oblongata bilaterally. After fenestration of the cyst wall and tumor removal, the clinical symptoms ameliorated. We recommend that where a foramen magnum tumor coexists with an arachnoid cyst of the posterior fossa, the tumor should be removed after shrinking the cyst to obviate the need for brainstem retraction.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[The actual situation in surgical management of occlusive cerebrovascular disease].

We studied 828 cases with occlusive cerebrovascular disease who were admitted to our hospital over these 5 years in relation to surgical management. Cerebral angiography including digital subtraction angiography was carried out in 770 cases. Surgical management was carried out in 110 cases; 77 cases of carotid endarterectomy (CEA), 18 cases of EC-IC bypass and 15 cases of external decompression. The ratio of surgical management was 13. 3% of all cases admitted. The mortality and the morbidity were 5.4% and 1.8% respectively. The number of EC-IC bypass has decreased gradually after the reports of international cooperative study concerning with EC-IC bypass in 1985. But the number of CEA has increased gradually.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Bilateral traumatic hemorrhage in the basal ganglia: report of two cases].

Hematomas of the basal ganglia in head injury have long been recognized by pathologists with an interest in head injury but their mechanism has not been revealed clearly. We report two cases of bilateral traumatic hemorrhage in the basal ganglia. Case #1, a 17-year-old male was admitted to our hospital immediately after a traffic accident. Neurological examination revealed that the patient was comatose and had right hemiparesis. CT scan showed bilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the perimesencephalic cistern. MRI showed high signal intensity areas in the bilateral basal ganglia, perimesencephalic cistern, cerebral white matter and corpus callosum. The patient was diagnosed as having diffuse axonal injury coinciding with bilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia. Stereotactic aspiration for the hematoma of the left basal ganglia was carried out. Case #2, a 75-year-old male was admitted immediately after falling from the roof of his house. Neurological examination revealed no neurological deficit except for headache and nausea. CT scan on the day of injury revealed no abnormality. But CT scan 12 hours following the injury showed bilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia. Blood pressure of the patient was within normal range and he was diagnosed as having traumatic bilateral intracerebral hematoma. Conservative treatment was carried out and the patient was discharged 7 days after injury with no neurological deficit. The mechanism of traumatic hemorrhage of the basal ganglia has not been clear. In case #1, diffuse axonal injury (DAI) may have played an important role in the bilateral hemorrhage. But in case #2, non-DAI factor such as vasoparalysis syndrome may have existed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed1990

[Stereotactic aspiration using coordinate software for hypertensive intracerebral hematomas].

Stereotactic aspiration for intracerebral hematoma has become widely used due to improvements in computed tomography (CT). CT-guided stereotactic aspiration for hypertensive intracranial hematomas was performed in 46 cases. Stereotactic aspiration with coordinate software was carried out among 16 cases. We compared the clinical results of conventional stereotactic aspiration with results of the new method using coordinate software. Using coordinate software, we can examine the route for the target point, as well as the target point of the hematoma before surgery. Therefore we can avoid obstacles such as ventricles and internal capsules. Further, we can aspirate hematoma by using only this one procedure. Mean hematoma aspiration percentage has risen from 44.9 to 87.2% by using coordinate software. Rate of drainage tube insertion after operation has decreased from 90 to 50%. The period of placement of the drainage tube and the frequency of infection due to the drainage tube has become lower, too. Therefore we can say that the outcome of treatment of hypertensive intracranial hematomas is improved by using coordinate software.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗

PubMed1990

[Instrumentation surgery for tumor of the spine].

Spinal instrumentation surgery has come into wide use recently, especially for tumor of the spine. It is very effective for fixing the spine for relieving the patient from pain. But the decision about the indication of instrumentation surgery for tumor of the spine must be made carefully. In cases of double malignant tumors including spinal tumor, it is hard to decide how to treat tumor of the spine. We report a case of 78-year-old male with multiple myeloma of the cervical spine and cancer of the prostate. The patient had been in good health until one year previously, when he started to complain of nuchal pain. He became bedridden with loss of voluntary control of the right upper extremity for the last two months. Then he was admitted to our hospital and radiological examination was carried out. It revealed tumor of the cervical spine and it seemed to be bone metastasis. Further examination revealed that the patient was suffering from multiple myeloma and cancer of the prostate. The tumor of the spine was diagnosed as either multiple myeloma or metastasis of cancer of the prostate. Spinal instrumentation surgery using Luque-rod was carried out as one of the comprehensive treatment plans for double malignant tumors. The instrumentation surgery was effective for fixing the spine and improving the patient's quality of life. In operative procedures, intraoperative spinal cord monitoring was carried out. Intraoperative spinal cord monitoring was indispensable for preventing spinal cord injury. The tumor of the spine was diagnosed as multiple myeloma by pathological examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1989

A small temporal lobe glioma detected only by magnetic resonance imaging.

The authors were able to demonstrate a very small glioma (1.0 x 0.8 cm in size) of the temporal lobe using MRI. They discuss the relative merits of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of gliomas in terms of their size. CT fails to detect tumours less than 2.0 x 1.5 cm in size which are not calcified. So far, MRI has revealed a tumour as small as 1.0 x 0.8 cm. Therefore, MRI is superior to CT for detecting small gliomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Barbiturate therapy in traumatic cerebral vascular disease: report of two cases].

We report two cases of traumatic cerebral vascular disease which were treated successfully with barbiturate. The first case sustained blunt trauma to the bilateral vertebral arteries, resulting in complete occlusion of both arteries. After ligation of the injured vertebral arteries, multiple cerebral infarction appeared. Cerebral angiography revealed dissection and stenosis of the bilateral internal carotid arteries. We treated this case with barbiturate (Thiamylal) in combination with administration of heparin. The second case sustained cerebral contusion and traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage as a result of a motor cycle accident. This patient deteriorated and cerebral angiography showed diffuse cerebral arterial vasospasms. When this was treated with induced hypertension, he developed recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage. In order to protect the brain from ischemia without elevating blood pressure, we employed barbiturate therapy and the patient recovered without major neurological deficit. The condition of severe head injury with cerebral ischemia is complicated. Therefore it has been hard for neurosurgeons to cure the patient with this condition. But we treated it with barbiturate successfully. Barbiturate therapy in severe head injury with cerebral ischemia may decrease the mortality in that group of patients considered difficult to treat with the usual therapeutic modalities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Post-inflammatory arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern. Observation of development of the cyst.

Arachnoid cysts of the quadrigeminal cistern are rare. Patients with this lesion are usually normal at birth, and signs of increased intracranial pressure (IICP) develop at about 4 to 12 months of age. However, there has been no report about this mechanism. A case of arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern is presented. In this case, the process of the cyst growth was observed during the course of follow-up for shunted hydrocephalus. Symptoms coincided with the growth of the cyst. Therefore, the development of the clinical symptoms was thought to be due to IICP caused by cyst expansion. Our case was complicated by inflammation, something that may offer a key to solving the mechanism of cyst fluid accumulation and the relationship between symptoms and development of the cyst.

Arachnoid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of diffuse glioma.

Neuroradiologic diagnosis of "gliomatosis cerebri" is hampered by the diffuse, isodense character of the lesion, and the fact that it may not enhance when intravenous contrast medium is administered. Clinical signs and symptoms are usually nonspecific, nonfocal, and disproportionately mild. We report a case of diffuse glioma in a 30-year-old man, discuss the difficulty in arriving at a precise diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri, and examine the possible role of MR in its detection and delineation.

Adult↗