Full thickness chest wall resection for solitary sternal metastasis in breast carcinoma.
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Bone Neoplasms↗
Biomedical subjects
K Yamazaki
Publications and source records attributed to K Yamazaki.
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies generated against Norwalk virus GII capsid protein expressed in Escherichia coli.
The Norwalk virus (NV) causes outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. The virus capsid is composed of a single 60 kDa protein. The capsid protein of NV36 (genogroup II, Mexico virus type) was expressed in an Escherichia coli system and ten monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated against it. The reactivity of these MAbs was characterized using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) analysis towards 20 overlapping fragments of the NV36 capsid protein expressed in E. coli. All of the MAbs recognized sequential (continuous) epitopes on the three antigenic regions. Six of the 10 MAbs recognized fragment 2 (equivalent residues 31-70), three MAbs recognized fragment 13 (residues 361-403) and one MAb recognized fragment 7 (residues 181-220), suggesting that the N-terminal domain (residues 1-220) may contain more antigenic epitopes than the C-terminal domain (residues 210-548). Furthermore, two MAbs (1B4 and 1F6) reacted in WB with three purified NV strains (genogroup II) derived from patients' stool samples. It was also found that genogroup I recombinant NV96-908 (genogroup I, KY89 type) could be detected as sensitively as recombinant NV36 (genogroup II) by ELISA with a set of the MAbs produced here.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Genetic characterization of Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) detected in Japan from 1989 to 1998 and establishment of consensus primers].
By means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using various pairs of primers, 902 strains of Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) were detected during 10 years from 1989 to 1998 in the nationwide area of Japan including Hokkaido and Okinawa. Nucleotide sequencing was done on 177 strains, and we found that 153 strains (86%) of them belonged to geno-group II (GII). GII could be classified into five subgroups (G2A, G2B, G2C, G2D and G2E) based on the amino acid sequences showing a similarity of more than 91%. Among them G2C and G2D (named JP1) as well as G2E (named JP2), which were occasionally identified in Japan (detection rate of 17%) but rarely detected in the other countries, revealed to form new subgroups. From the above analysis, three pairs of new primers were established as consensus primers for NLVs. All the three sets of primers, P1/P2,P1/P3 and Y1/Y2, amplified both GI and GII equally and efficiently.
Consensus Sequence↗
Toll-like receptors confer responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis in human gingival fibroblasts.
Gingival fibroblasts produce proinflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from periodontopathic bacteria. Recently it has become evident that the human homologue of Drosophila Toll can transduce intracellular signaling by LPS stimulation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been identified in myeloid cells; however, their role in nonmyeloid cells such as gingival fibroblasts has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that human gingival fibroblasts constitutively express TLR2 and TLR4 and that their levels of expression are increased by stimulation with LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Upregulated expression of interleukin-6 gene and protein in fibroblasts stimulated with LPS is inhibited by anti-TLR4 antibody. These findings suggest that TLRs may confer responsiveness to LPS in gingival fibroblasts.
Cells, Cultured↗
Protective effect of human urinary thrombomodulin on ischemia- reperfusion injury in the canine liver.
This study was performed to determine whether human urinary soluble thrombomodulin plays a role in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Liver ischemia was induced in two groups of dogs. Group 1 was exposed to 60 min ischemia, and group 2 was exposed to 60 min ischemia after preischemic administration of human urinary soluble thrombomodulin. In group 1, the thrombin-antithrombin complex and hyaluronic acid were significantly elevated after ischemia, compared with the preischemic values. While liver issue blood flow and the plasmin-alpha(2)-plasmin inhibitor complex significantly decreased, AST, ALT and m-AST dramatically increased after reperfusion. In group 2, the increase in the thrombin-antithrombin complex and hyaluronic acid was significantly suppressed, and AST, ALT and liver tissue blood flow significantly improved, compared with group 1. Histologically, in group 2, the hepatic tissue structure, including endothelial cells, was relatively intact. These findings suggest that administration of thrombomodulin inhibits endothelial cell injury and coagulopathy and offers protection from liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Animals↗
Cystic schwannoma presenting as massive hemoptysis in an adult.
A 62-year-old man who presented with the chief complaint of hemoptysis is reported. A chest radiograph obtained on admission showed a huge cystic mass located at the posterior mediastinum. Prior to surgery, transarterial embolization was done because of continuous massive hemoptysis. An uneventful removal of the tumor was performed, and the pathological diagnosis was schwannoma. The hemoptysis was thought to have been caused by changes in the cystic formation in combination with inflammation which extended to the lung.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Peak systolic blood pressure in exercise testing is associated with scintigraphic severity of myocardial ischemia in patients with exercise-induced ST-segment depression.
Some electrocardiographic variables, including the degree of maximal ST-segment depression (STD), may not necessarily indicate the severity of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. The present study examined whether maximal STD correlates with the severity and extent of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia, as assessed by thallium-201 (201Tl) imaging, and which parameter of exercise testing reflects scintigraphic severity and extent in 270 patients who had a 1 mm or greater horizontal or down-sloping STD on exercise 201Tl imaging. The scintigraphic severity and extent of exercise-induced ischemia was assessed and correlated with maximal STD, number of positive leads, workload, peak heart rate, peak systolic blood pressure (SBP), rate-pressure product, chest pain and the Duke treadmill score. Most of the scintigraphic markers of the severity and extent of ischemia had significant but weak correlation with all of those parameters. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that peak SBP and the Duke treadmill score (chest pain in only simple variables model) correlated independently with scintigraphic severity and extent of ischemia. Furthermore, most of the patients with a peak SBP of 200 mmHg or more had milder and less extensive ischemia. In patients with exercise-induced STD, the scintigraphic severity and extent of ischemia may be estimated by peak SBP and the Duke treadmill score.
Aged↗
Geographical variation of mandible size and shape in the Japanese wild pig (Sus scrofa leucomystax).
The mandibles of the Japanese wild pigs (Sus scrofa leucomystax) from various geographical locations, which have been stored in the University of Tokyo and National Science Museum, Tokyo were examined. The mandibles from northern localities were larger in size than those from southern localities. The Oita population was significantly smaller than the Honshu populations. The Mie population was smaller than the Hyogo population in length from the angle of the mandible. In the multivariate analysis, the Kyushu populations could be obviously distinguished from the Honshu populations in the principal component charts. However, each Honshu population did not show the locality-specific distribution of the principal component plots.
Animals↗
Ultrasound measurement using CUBA clinical system can discriminate between women with and without vertebral fractures. Contact Ultrasound Bone Analyzer.
The purpose of this study was to assess the ultrasound (US) parameters measured by Contact Ultrasound Bone Analyser (CUBA) clinical system for discriminating the subjects with vertebral fractures from those without vertebral fractures. The subjects consisted of 114 postmenopausal women over age 50 (mean +/- SD: 72.2 +/- 8.7). Seventy-three had vertebral fractures (fracture group) and 41 had no vertebral fractures (control group). Values of all US parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) in the fracture group were significantly lower than those in the control group, even after adjusting for age. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.768 +/- 0.056 (mean +/- SE) for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) 0.828 +/- 0.045 for velocity of sound (VOS), 0.707 +/- 0.058 for lumbar spine, 0.872 +/- 0.050 for femur neck, 0.790 +/- 0.050 for trochanter, and 0.695 +/- 0.060 for Ward's triangle. There were no significant differences among the areas under the ROC curves in BUA, VOS, lumbar spine, femur neck, trochanter, and Ward's triangle. US parameters (BUA and VOS) had the same discriminatory power as spine and hip BMD for evaluating the vertebral fracture risk. As far as disadvantages of the use of BMD measurement against US measurement, US measurement is potentially useful for screening of vertebral fractures. However, the bias concerning the propotion of the number of patients with or without vertebral fractures could not be neglected in this study.
Aged↗
Alternate numbness in the upper extremities as the initial symptom of basilar migraine: an electrophysiological evaluation using EEG power topography.
A case of basilar migraine (BM) with alternate numbness as the initial symptom is described. The patient's chief complaint was alternate numbness in the right and left upper extremities. After angiography the patient fell into a drowsy state, followed by excitation, and finally confusion. The EEG power topography showed slow alpha, theta and delta power in the right occipital area, and alternatively in the right and left parietal area. These findings suggest that the cause of BM is not only based on a vasoconstriction mechanism, but also cortical spreading depression. BM should be suspected as a cause of sensory symptoms.
Adolescent↗
Malignant melanoma arising from the sphenoidal sinus--case report.
Malignant melanomas arising from the sella turcica or sphenoidal sinus with bilateral invasion of the base of the skull or cavernous sinus are extremely rare. Whether the sella turcica or sphenoidal sinus is the site of origin is difficult to determine based on neuroradiological findings. An 83-year-old Japanese female presented with headache as the initial symptom. She suffered rapid progression of bilateral obstruction of the nasal cavity, left nasal bleeding, and bilateral visual field defects. The preoperative diagnosis was pituitary adenoma, metastatic tumor, or malignant paranasal tumor. Biopsy was performed. The histological diagnosis was malignant melanoma. Postoperatively, the tumor progressed rapidly. She suffered several cranial nerve pareses and hypopituitarism. She died within 6 months. Tumors arising from the sphenoidal sinus cause obstruction of the nasal cavity or nasal bleeding first, and then cause cranial nerve pareses by invasion of the cavernous sinus. This sequence of clinical manifestations can be attributed to the anatomical relationships between the sphenoidal sinus, nasal cavity, and cavernous sinus. Differential diagnosis of the origin in the sella turcica or sphenoidal sinus appears to be relatively easy based on further observation of the clinical course and symptoms.
Aged↗
Human movement-related brain potentials preceding voluntary movements in different arousal states monitored with skin potential level.
The present study investigated the readiness potential (RP) preceding a brisk extension of the right middle finger during different arousal states as monitored by skin potential level (SPL). The late component of the readiness potential in the medium arousal state was significantly larger than those in the low and high arousal states. This finding indicates that the RP waveform may vary as a function of arousal states, suggesting the inverse U-shaped relationship proposed in studies of the contingent negative variation.
Arousal↗
[A case of squamous cell lung cancer in a nonsmoking female, successfully treated with docetaxel and cisplatin].
A 62-year-old nonsmoking female was admitted to our hospital in May, 1998 complaining of marked cough accompanied by repeated hemosputa. Chest X-ray and CT examinations revealed a large tumor, located adjacent to a cystic lesion in the left lower lung field, in association with a clearly recognizable swelling of the ipsilateral hilar as well as the mediastinal lymph nodes. Sputum cytology after bronchofiberscopy led to the diagnosis that the patient suffered from squamous cell lung cancer of Stage IIIA with bulky N2 (T2N2M0). Chemotherapy was selected as the most reasonable treatment for this patient. The new chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel (60 mg/m2) in combination with cisplatin (CDDP: 80 mg/m2) was tried, resulting in a remarkable reduction in tumor size by 60% after the initial course of chemotherapy was completed, which fulfilled the definition of a partial response (PR). Furthermore, after 4 courses of the chemotherapy, the hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy had conspicuously abated and only scar tissue was visible at the site where the lung cancer was thought to have originally developed. We herein report a case in which squamous cell lung cancer sprouted in a nonsmoking female, who was successfully treated by the combined chemotherapy of docetaxel and CDDP. The present case may suggest the efficacy of newly developed docetaxel in treating non-small cell lung cancer.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
Comparative study of the toxic effects of gallium arsenide, indium arsenide and arsenic trioxide following intratracheal instillations to the lung of Syrian golden hamsters.
Toxic effects of gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs) and arsenic trioxide (As2O3) were studied in male Syrian golden hamsters. GaAs (7.7 mg/kg) and As2O3 (1.3 mg/kg) particles were instilled intratracheally twice a week a total of 16 times, while InAs (7.7 mg/kg) was instilled a total of 14 times. As a control, hamsters were treated with the vehicle, phosphate buffer solution. During the instillation period, the cumulative body weight gain of the InAs-, but not the GaAs- or As2O3-treated hamsters was suppressed significantly, when compared with the control group. Slight to severe inflammatory responses were observed in the lung for all treatment groups. The most severe inflammatory change, characterized by an accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages, exudation, thickness of the pleura and fibrotic proliferation was found in the InAs-treated hamsters. Extensive alveolar or bronchiolar cell hyperplasia with or without keratinizing squamous cell metaplasia was observed in almost all the InAs-treated hamsters. Furthermore, squamous cell metaplasia or squamous cell hyperplasia developed in some of the InAs-treated hamsters, but not in the GaAs- or As2O3-treated hamsters. Slight to mild lesions were found in the convoluted tubules of the kidney in both the GaAs and InAs groups. From the present study, the toxic potency of these particles was provisionally estimated to be in the following order: InAs > GaAs > As2O3, at the dosage level used in this study. Furthermore, there was evidence that InAs particles could induce pulmonary, renal or systemic toxicity, and as such, InAs particles may produce pulmonary precancerous change when instilled intratracheally into hamsters.
Animals↗
Macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes: ultrastructure of surgically removed epiretinal membrane and clinicopathologic correlation.
PURPOSE: To elucidate the pathogenesis of macular hole retinal detachment (RD) in highly myopic eyes by investigating the ultrastructure of surgically removed epiretinal membranes (ERM). METHODS: Five consecutive Japanese patients with macular hole RD in highly myopic eyes underwent vitrectomy with attempted removal of the ERM around the hole. The surgical specimens were examined by light microscopy and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Extremely thin, translucent sheets of epiretinal tissue were harvested from all patients during surgery, resulting in successful retinal reattachment. Ultrastructural examination revealed that the ERM consisted of cortical vitreous and various cellular components. Fibrous astrocytes were the major cell population and extended cytoplasmic processes with membrane-associated vesicles onto the cortical vitreous. Gap junctions were observed between the interdigitating processes of fibrous astrocytes. The cortical vitreous contained abundant newly formed collagen, including fibrous long-spacing collagen, surrounded by sparsely distributed native vitreous collagen. CONCLUSIONS: Active synthesis of new collagen may be regulated by fibrous astrocytes by means of transmission of metabolic substances through gap junctions and cytoplasmic vesicles. The frequent occurrence of newly formed collagen aggregates may subsequently lead to a diffusely condensed posterior cortical vitreous that exerts tangential traction on the posterior retina, causing macular hole RD.
Aged↗
[Function of transcriptional elongation factors, TFIIF and elongin in gene regulation].
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
An electrophysiological study of the locus of the interference effect in a stimulus-response compatibility paradigm.
This study investigated the locus of the interference effect in a stimulus-response compatibility task using event-related potentials (ERPs). Ten participants were instructed to respond to stimulus color with the left or right middle finger. Red or blue arrows pointed in the same direction as the response hand on congruent trials and pointed in the opposite direction on incongruent trials. Neutral trials were red or blue horizontal bars. Reaction times (RTs) to incongruent stimuli were significantly longer than RTs to congruent stimuli. The peak latency of the P300 for incongruent stimuli was significantly longer than that for congruent stimuli. In addition, onset of stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potential (LRPs) was significantly later for incongruent stimuli than for congruent stimuli. However, electromyogram (EMG)-locked LRPs for incongruent stimuli showed incorrect preparation. These results suggest that the interference effect might occur at the stage in which stimulus evaluation processes and response-related processes overlap.
Adult↗
[Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome].
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Abnormalities, Multiple↗