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Biomedical subjects

K Yagyu

Publications and source records attributed to K Yagyu.

116 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Left innominate vein-pulmonary artery shunt with Glenn anastomosis in a Fontan candidate with central pulmonary artery stenosis.

Heart failure developed 9 years after Fontan takedown with systemic-pulmonary artery shunt in a 12-year-old girl with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and obstruction in the proximal pulmonary artery. Surgical scar after multiple operations complicated direct repair of the pulmonary artery, and thus she was not eligible for definitive palliation. Left innominate vein-to-left pulmonary artery shunt using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene conduit in association with Glenn anastomosis functionally established an unobstructive superior cavopulmonary connection without direct repair of the central pulmonary artery, later facilitating one and a half ventricle repair. Use of an extraanatomical shunt may functionally relieve central pulmonary artery obstruction in candidates for Fontan-like circulation.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reactivation of rat cytomegalovirus in lung allografts: an experimental and immunohistochemical study in rats.

Reactivation of latent rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) from a lung allograft or from a recipient was studied in RCMV-mismatched combinations (donor [D]-/recipient [R]+, D+/R-, and D+/R+) with latently infected lung grafts and chronically infected rats in an inbred rat model. Nineteen transplants in a major histocompatibility complex different strain combination (Brown-Norway/Lewis) were immunosuppressed daily (cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisolone) from day 3 after orthotopic left lung transplantation and killed on days 3, 6, and 21. Control groups consisted of nine chronically RCMV-infected rats with immunosuppression without transplantation and six allografts with immunosuppression without RCMV infection. Reactivation of latent RCMV was tested by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies against RCMV-induced antigens and by plaque assays of the virus in the salivary glands. The following results were obtained: (1) All allotransplants developed acute ongoing rejection on days 3 and 6, and the rejection was resolved on day 21 by immunosuppression. (2) Reactivation was observed in allotransplanted groups, but not in the control rats. (3) In the D+/R+ and D-/R+ groups on days 3 and 6, the number of RCMV-related antigen-positive cells increased in the recipient spleen and lymph nodes and in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of the donor lung in the D-/R+ group, but not in the chronically RCMV-infected controls. (4) In the D+/R- group on day 6, RCMV-induced antigen-positive cells were observed in the spleen and lymph nodes of the recipient and also around the vessels in the recipient lung. (5) In the D-/R+ group, vascular endothelial cells or mildly infiltrated mononuclear cell subpopulations around the vessels in the lung allograft showed weakly positive staining against RCMV-related antigens on day 6. (6) After the initial acute rejection on days 3 and 6 was treated by immunosuppressive drugs, reactivated acute RCMV infection became chronic or latent again on day 21. We conclude that RCMV infection could be transferred with latently infected lung allografts by reactivation of latent RCMV. In rats, as in man, alloimmune responses seemed to have a definite influence on the reactivation of latent RCMV after lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of infectious bronchitis virus antigen from experimentally infected chickens by indirect immunofluorescent assay with monoclonal antibody.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was detected by indirect immunofluorescent assay with a monoclonal antibody (MAb-IFA). The monoclonal antibody was specific for the nucleocapsid protein of IBV strain M41. The MAb-IFA clearly detected IBV with high specificity in infected chicken kidney cells. The assay furthermore detected IBV in tracheal smears and sliced tracheas from experimentally infected chickens. The positive reaction was found to be longer than that in the virus recovery test. These results indicate that MAb-IFA is a useful method for the detection of IBV from chickens suspected to have infectious bronchitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of mononuclear cell subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in acute rejection after lung transplantation and Mycoplasma infection in rats.

Acute lung rejection after orthotopic left lung transplantation and Mycoplasma pulmonis infection were studied immunohistologically by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in inbred rats using monoclonal antibodies differentiating lymphocyte and macrophage subpopulations. Twenty transplants in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-different strain combination (Brown-Norway/Lewis) were examined 2, 4, and 6 days after transplantation. Thirty isotransplants (Lewis/Lewis) and normal Lewis rats were used as controls. Eight Lewis rats with acute Mycoplasma pulmonis infection and six Lewis rats with chronic Mycoplasma infection also underwent BAL. Mononuclear cell subpopulations were analyzed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to MHC and macrophage differentiation antigens: ED1 monocyte/macrophages, ED2 inflammatory tissue macrophages, OX19 T lymphocytes, and OX12 B lymphocytes. The following results were obtained: (1) All allotransplants developed acute rejection on day 2, and it advanced until day 6, demonstrating severe perivascular and peribronchiolar infiltration of inflammatory tissue macrophages (ED1+/ED2+): (2) the proportion and number of inflammatory macrophages (ED2+) in BAL fluid increased on day 6; (3) in BAL the proportion and number of T lymphocytes (OX19+) increased more prominently than B lymphocytes (OX12+) on day 6 of acute rejection; (4) in infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis the increase of T lymphocytes (OX19+) in BAL was more prominent than that of B lymphocytes (OX12+). In conclusion, serial analysis of macrophage, T- and B-lymphocyte antigens was performed. The increase of the proportion of inflammatory macrophages (ED2+) and lymphocytes (OX19+, OX12+) in BAL fluid occurred rather late in the rejection response. This limits the use of BAL as an early diagnostic method of allografted lung rejection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical experience of Hall-Kaster valve. Operative results and hemodynamic studies.

The Hall-Kaster pivotal disc prosthetic valve (HK valve) was introduced in 1977. Since October 1979, we have used the HK valve in 137 patients for valve replacement. The over-all operative mortality was 5.1%. During 36 months follow-up, there were 3 late deaths due to congestive heart failure, but no valve related death, no mechanical failure and no thromboembolic episode have been encountered. Intraoperative hemodynamic studies revealed its valvular function to be excellent. The mean pressure gradients across the prosthesis were 11.0 +/- 1.6 and 4.2 +/- 2.0 mmHg in aortic and mitral position, respectively. The mean calculated valve areas were 1.7 +/- 0.6 and 3.7 +/- 1.2 cm2 in aortic and mitral position, respectively. Thus, the Hall-Kaster prosthetic valve was found to be an efficient and favorable prosthetic heart valve for aortic and mitral valve replacement.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer complicated by emphysema in elderly patients. Report of three cases.

We have experienced three elderly cases who underwent thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer complicated by emphysema. Cases 1, 2 and 3, respectively aged 76, 78 and 80 years, had required the oxygen therapy preoperatively. Allowing for poor pulmonary reserve, a thoracoscopic partial pulmonary resection for lung cancer combined with Nd-YAG laser pneumoplasty for emphysema was designed. The respective values of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1.0) for cases 1 and 2 increased from 470 and 820 to 860 and 1620 ml. Reductions in residual volumes (RV) for cases 1, 2 and 3 were from 2770, 4940 and 5230 to 2370, 4500 and 3250 ml. The degrees of respiratory failure in the Hugh-Jones classification for cases 1, 2 and 3 were up-graded from V, IV and IV, respectively, to III, II and II, postoperatively. In conclusion, our thoracoscopic treatment, designed for elderly patients with poor pulmonary reserve, allows improvement of emphysema as well as resection of lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New tactile sensor techniques for localization of pulmonary nodules.

We developed a new method for thoracoscopically localizing pulmonary nodules using a tactile sensor. This sensor was originally designed to probe the hardness of an object, which is represented by changes in resonance frequency of the sensor (delta f: Hz). By moving over the lung surface, the sensor probe, introduced through a 10 mm trocar, was able to search for nodules within the pulmonary parenchyma thoracoscopically. When the sensor probe passed just above a nodule, which was harder than the adjacent tissue, a sudden sharp increase in the curve was observed. We have successfully utilized this method in 16 cases since August 1994. A representative case is that of a 68-year-old male who was admitted with an indeterminate nodule, demonstrated preoperatively in the left lung by chest computed tomography, which was localized with this technique and resected under thoracoscopic surgery.

Aged↗