Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Yagi

Publications and source records attributed to K Yagi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Conditions for omitting invasive long-term monitoring before surgical resection in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

The omission of invasive long-term monitoring before surgical resection in patients with epilepsy should be permitted only for those in whom the epileptogenic focus is presumed to localize unilaterally in the mesial aspect of the temporal lobe. The localization may well be confirmed through noninvasive measures. Retrospective analyses of data obtained from noninvasive investigations (scalp-recorded and sphenoidal EEGs, neuroimages, and electroclinical seizure manifestations) were carried out in 58 patients. The localization of their epileptogenic focus was subsequently confirmed by the implantation of both intracerebral and subdural electrodes; the focus had an amygdalohippocampal origin in 41 patients and a lateral temporal origin in 17 patients. From the comparison of noninvasive findings between these two groups, we propose the following indispensable conditions for omitting an invasive evaluation: 1. Appearance of focal epileptic discharges unilaterally in the sphenoidal lead observed during the simple phase of partial seizures, or unilateral discharges with predominancy in the sphenoidal lead during the early phase of complex partial seizures. 2. Interictal spikes on scalp-recorded EEGs localizing unilaterally in the anterior region of the temporal lobe, and if bilaterally independent, presenting with unilateral predominancy in a ratio of greater than 4:1. 3. Presence of autonomic signs in the initial phase of signal symptoms. 4. Neuroimaging findings in the mesial temporal region: elongated T2 on MRI and hippocampal atrophy, or a tumorous lesion. The lateralization conforms to interictal and ictal paroxysmal EEG findings. There were 8 patients with seizure of amygdalohippocampal origin who satisfied all the indispensable condition, but not a single patient with seizures of lateral temporal origin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Neuropsychological evaluation before and after surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.

We present the results of pre- and postoperative neuropsychological evaluations of 58 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent a chronic intracranial EEG monitoring and a subsequent standard anterior temporal lobectomy. Wada's test provided valuable information on the speech dominant side and on the focus localization. Some warning signs as well as verbal automatisms indicated the effect for focus localization and lateralization. The results of interictal neuropsychological tests suggested that each subgroup of TLE performed differently. A postoperative neuropsychological performance has improved in many tests that may be explained by the diminished epileptic bombardment resulting from the resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparing the anticonvulsive effects of dapsone on amygdala-kindled seizures and hippocampal-kindled seizures in rats.

Dapsone, an antileprosy drug, was administered to rats with amygdala (AM)-kindled seizures or hippocampal (HIPP)-kindled seizures to elucidate its anticonvulsive efficacy. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to kindling stimulations 2 weeks after electrode-implantation. The subjects were tested once a day for 7 successive days after inducing three generalized (stage 5) seizures to study the effects of dapsone. Dapsone had an inhibitory effect on stage 5 seizures at 12.50 mg/kg in the AM-kindled rats and at 6.25 mg/kg and 9.375 mg/kg in the HIPP-kindled rats. Thus, there was a distinct difference in the effective dose for generalized seizures between the AM-kindled rats and the HIPP-kindled rats. The inhibitory action of dapsone on stage 5 seizures may be due mainly to the elevation of the afterdischarge-triggering threshold at the stimulation site of the AM or HIPP. Such inhibitory action appears prominently at serum concentrations of about 13 micrograms/ml in AM-kindled rats and about 6 micrograms/ml in HIPP-kindled rats. The level of 6 micrograms/ml almost equals the therapeutic serum concentration of dapsone used in the treatment of leprosy.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1992

Ibuprofen reduces ethchlorvynol lung injury: possible role of blood flow distribution.

The role of cyclooxygenase products in acute lung injury was determined by pretreatment of dogs with ibuprofen before injury with intravenous ethchlovynol (ECV). In animals given ECV only, lung injury resulted in extravascular lung water of 18.9 ml/kg after 2 h, which was significantly higher than the 14.8 ml/kg in the group pretreated with ibuprofen. The comparison of gravimetric and indicator-dilution measurements of edema fluid indicates that edema fluid could not be reliably detected after treatment with ibuprofen because of diversion of flow from injured areas. Venous admixture increased from 6% at baseline to 32% 120 min after ECV in the vehicle-pretreated group compared with an increase from 4% at baseline to 7% in the ibuprofen-pretreated group. The regression analysis of the relationship between venous admixture and extravascular lung water indicated that, at any level of edema, venous admixture was significantly less in the group treated with ibuprofen than in the untreated group. Measurement of plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid indicated that ibuprofen inhibited cyclooxygenase activity without affecting lipoxygenase activity. These results suggest that in intact dogs ibuprofen has a protective effect on both pulmonary gas transfer and pulmonary edema formation in ECV-injured lungs, which is consistent with limiting blood flow to injured segments of the lung.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Purification and characterization of adenosine diphosphatase from human umbilical vessels.

Adenosine diphosphatase (ADPase) activity was solubilized with a non-ionic detergent, Tween 20, from human umbilical vessels and purified to homogeneity by diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose CL-6B, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-Sepharose 4B, and concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography. The apparent molecular mass was 75 kDa. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed pyrophosphate bonds of nucleoside di- and triphosphates in the presence of calcium ion. It was insensitive to the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) inhibitors, oligomycin and ouabain, and sensitive to sodium azide. Therefore, we concluded that the ADPase activity in human umbilical vessels does not derive from ADPase degrading only ADP but from ATP diphosphohydrolase (EC 3.6.1.5). The broad substrate specificity and the sensitivity to various inhibitors and calcium ion are common to ATP diphosphohydrolase from bovine aorta. However, there might exist some structural difference around the active site, because the antiserum raised in rabbit against the bovine aorta enzyme scarcely inhibited the human umbilical enzyme.

Apyrase↗
PubMed1992

Nucleotide sequences of membrane-bound hydrogenase gene in Alcaligenes hydrogenophilus.

The nucleotide sequences of membrane-bound hydrogenase small (hupS) and large (hupL) subunit genes of hydrogen bacterium Alcaligenes hydrogenophilus were determined. The hupS and hupL genes encoded polypeptides of 363 and 619 amino acids, respectively. The hupS was located upstream of hupL with 35bp of intergenic region. The consensus ribosome-binding sequences were identified upstream of the start codons of hupS and hupL. Amino acid sequence of hupS is very similar to that of Rhodobacter capsulatus, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and Azotobacter vinelandii at amino acid levels of 82%, 77%, and 81%, respectively. Similarly, amino acid sequence of HupL is similar to that of R. capsulatus, B. japonicum, and A. vinelandii at amino acid levels of 63%, 65%, and 68%, respectively. Northern hybridization analysis showed that hupS and hupL were co-transcribed, and addition of fructose to the culture medium remarkably decreased the amount of mRNA transcribed from hupS and hupL.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1992

Portal hepatic venous shunt via an intrahepatic portal vein aneurysm.

A rare case of portal hepatic venous shunt (PHVS) via an intrahepatic portal vein aneurysm (PVA) is presented. A 66-year-old man was admitted for examination of a mass in the liver. Ultrasonography demonstrated a cystic lesion (15 mm in diameter) at the posterior superior segment of the right hepatic lobe which communicated with the right portal vein (RPV) and right hepatic vein (RHV). Superior mesenteric portography showed a biloculate aneurysm in RPV and PHVS. Color doppler ultrasonography indicated that flow in the tracts entered the aneurysmal cavity from RPV and drained into RHV.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A retrospective analysis of surgical operations on malignancies of the ear].

In the past 20 years from 1970 to 1990, 21 patients with malignancies of the ear were treated at Cancer Institute Hospital. The primary sites were the auricle and cartilaginous external auditory canal (group 1: n = 8), the bony external auditory canal (group 2: n = 6) and the middle ear (group 3:n = 7). In group 1, pathological types were squamous cell carcinoma in four patients and basal cell carcinoma in the other four patients. Seven patients were treated by surgery alone, and the remaining patient was treated by interstitial implant radiotherapy. No recurrence have been noted up to today in this group. In group 2, pathological types were squamous cell carcinoma in four patients and adenoid cystic carcinoma in the other two patients. All of the six patients underwent external canal resection or subtotal temporal resection. Two patients received postoperative radiotherapy. A five year survival rate of group 2 was 60%. In group 3, pathological types were squamous cell carcinoma in six patients and undifferentiated carcinoma in the remaining patient. Most of them underwent radical mastoidectomy followed by irradiation. However, all the patients died within two years after treatment. In group 2 and 3, cytodiagnosis was useful for early discovery. In group 2, temporomandibular joint seemed to be a key point in surgical treatment. In group 3, the combination of conservative surgery with radiotherapy was not a radical treatment. This suggested it necessary to perform subtotal temporal resection to treat malignancy of the middle ear.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Cytotoxicity of human beta-interferon produced in human glioma cells transfected with its gene by means of liposomes.

The cytotoxicity of human beta-interferon (HuIFN-beta) produced in human glioma cells was examined by use of our liposomes entrapping two plasmids, pSV2neo and pSVMTV-IFN-beta. After the cells had been transfected with these genes by means of the liposomes, neomycin-resistant cells were selected. When the selected cells were subjected to a single exposure to dexamethasone, all of the cells were found to produce HuIFN-beta and were eliminated by 8 days. Accordingly, the effect of HuIFN-beta produced in human glioma cells is considered to be cytocidal.

Cell Death↗
PubMed1992

[A case of small epidermoid cyst in cauda equina with manifest regional hypesthesia].

This report concerns the 22-year-old female who has been suffering the paresthesia in the left buttock and thigh for three months. Neurological examination revealed nothing other than hypesthesia and hypalgesia which distributed in the third, fourth and fifth segments of left sacral region with the loss of anal reflex. Pain had not been noticed until when she came to our clinic. Myelography and MRI showed small irregular round mass occupying a third of the spinal canal behind the body of fourth lumbar spine. In the axial view of MRI, the mass was enhanced by the gadolinium (Gd) except for the small portion of its center. She underwent the surgical treatment which revealed the tumor entangling four nerves of cauda equina in its center as imaged in MRI. The tumor was epidermoid cyst which presumably caused the chemical meningitis and involved those nerves. That resulted in the sensory disturbance in the left sacral region, although the tumor was not large enough to compress the nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The sequential changes of serum acute phase reactants in response to antituberculous chemotherapy].

In order to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of response to antituberculous chemotherapy, we measured the serum levels such of acute phase reactants as C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AG), haptoglobin, alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) and sialic acid in 24 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Furthermore the relationship between these parameters and other biochemical indicators, such as serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) and blood erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were observed. In the case studies of the eighteen prognostically cured patients, the serum levels of alpha 1-AG, haptoglobin, alpha 1-AT and sialic acid were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (P less than 0.01), and were significantly decreased to normal levels within three to five weeks after negative results for tubercule bacilli were obtained in the sputum cultures, while CRP, immunoglobulin and ESR showed a tendency to be lower than the healthy controls. In conclusion, alpha 1-AG, haptoglobin, alpha 1-AT and sialic acid are considered to be the sensitive biochemical indicators capable of being used to predict and monitor the clinical response to antituberculous chemotherapy.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Is rolandic discharge a hallmark of benign partial epilepsy of childhood?

A longitudinal study was conducted in 89 children with partial seizures who had rolandic discharges on their interictal EEGs. The clinical characteristics and seizure prognosis were compared in children without an organic background (idiopathic) and in children with an organic background (symptomatic). Since rolandic discharges and sylvian seizures were found in the symptomatic children and their seizure outcome was favorable, it is likely that they are symptomatologically close to benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Some of the symptomatic patients may have had complex partial seizures, although rolandic discharges were the principal EEG finding. Their seizure prognosis was as unfavorable as that of the patients with other symptomatic partial epilepsies. The rolandic discharges disappear in an age-related manner in idiopathic patients, but tend to persist in the symptomatic ones. The presence of rolandic discharges was not considered a hallmark of a benign outcome. Instead, the presence of sylvian seizures heralds a benign outcome of partial epilepsies regardless of whether they are idiopathic or symptomatic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A method for determination of proinsulin levels in serum using both insolubilized anti-insulin antibody and anti-C-peptide antibody].

A method is described for determination of proinsulin levels in serum. The principle of the assay is that proinsulin reacts with both anti-insulin and anti-C-peptide antibodies. The assay procedure is as follows; Anti-insulin antibody fixed to bacterial cell wall and insolubilized is incubated with test serum to form a complex of proinsulin-anti-insulin antibody (solid phase), followed by washing twice with buffer to eliminate free C-peptide. Then, glycin-HCl buffer is added to dissociate the bound proinsulin. After centrifugation, the supernatant is neutralized with NaOH and proinsulin in it is measured using RIA kit for CPR assay. The assay is simple, sensitive and reproducible. Neither insulin nor C-peptide contained in test serum influences the proinsulin levels determined by this assay. The mean +/- S.D. of the fasting serum proinsulin levels of healthy donors was 7.0 +/- 2.6 PM/l. A patient with insulinoma showed extremely high serum proinsulin level, which decreased to the normal range after extirpation of insulinoma.

Antibodies↗