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Biomedical subjects

K Yagawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Yagawa.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland with osteoclast-like giant cells--a case report].

A case of undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland with osteoclast-like giant cells resembling those of a giant cell tumor of the bone is presented. A 79-year-old female had noticed swelling on the left frontal neck. Histological examination of frontal-neck tumor revealed undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. The patient was treated with a Cobalt 60 unit and received a total tumor dose of 2800 rad. However, because of a rapid increase in size of the tumor and its metastasis, the patient died about 2 months after admission. An autopsy was performed. Histologically, the tumor differed from the usual undifferentiated carcinoma of the giant cell type in having osteoclast-like giant cells with many small, uniform, benign appearing nuclei. It is proposed that the osteoclast-like giant cell is reactive rather than neoplastic in nature because of the benign appearance, phagocytotic activity and some ultrastructural features.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effect of transmethylation-reaction and increased levels of cAMP on superoxide generation of guinea-pig macrophages induced with wheat germ agglutinin and phorbor myristate.

Superoxide (O2-) generation of guinea-pig macrophages induced by wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was suppressed to a great extent by the inhibition of transmethylation with 3'-deazaadenosine. When macrophages were stimulated with phorbor myristate (PMA) instead of WGA, the suppression of O2- generation of macrophages was observed to be slight despite the presence of 3'-deazaadenosine. These results were confirmed under various conditions. Thus the WGA-stimulated O2- generation of macrophages is probably associated with transmethylation, but the PMA-stimulated O2- generation is not. WGA-stimulated O2- generation of macrophages was also inhibited in the presence of dibutyryl cAMP or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), substances that increase intracellular cAMP, but PMA-stimulated O2- generation was only slightly affected by these compounds. These results suggest that the mechanism for O2- generation of macrophages caused by WGA is different from that for O2- generation caused by PMA.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Induction of proliferation and differentiation of murine B cells bearing surface Ig lambda by rat monoclonal antibody to lambda chain.

Rats were immunized with the purified BCL1-IgM lambda 3(1) and their spleen cells were fused with Sp2/0 cells. Hybridomas secreting antibodies reactive with lambda 1-, lambda 2-, and lambda 3-containing myeloma proteins were subcloned and propagated in spinner culture. The antibodies were tested in a solid-phase radioimmunoassay and by indirect immunofluorescence using either BCL1 cells or normal mouse spleen cells. One of the monoclonal antibodies was purified to 95% homogeneity on DEAE-Sephadex. The purified anti-lambda anti-body, coupled to Sepharose, was mitogenic for lambda-bearing normal B cells and BCL1 cells, and in the presence of a supernatant from Concanavalin-A (Con A) stimulated these cells to secrete IgM lambda.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Enhanced superoxide anion release from phagocytes by muramyl dipeptide or lipopolysaccharide.

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli were tested for the ability to influence superoxide anion (O2-) release from guinea pig phagocytes. Both MDP and LPS alone did not, by themselves, stimulate O2- release by macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. However, the preincubation of macrophages with MDP or LPS primed the macrophages to release an enhanced amount of O2- when stimulated by cytochalasin E and wheat germ agglutinin. When polymorphonuclear leukocytes were treated in the same way, only LPS showed an enhancing effect. MDP enhanced NADPH oxidase activity of macrophages, which is probably the reason for enhanced O2- release by MDP.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1981

Human erythroid cell lines derived from a patient with acute erythremia.

Three continuous human cell lines, designated KMOE, derived from a patient with acute erythremia (Di Guglielmo's disease) are reported. The cell lines are the cultures of (1) bone marrow cells, (2) peripheral blood cells, and (3) cells from a tumor developed into an athymic nude mouse after transplantation of the cultured bone marrow cells. Cells of all three lines show morphology of immature erythroblast and have i(17q) marker chromosome. They are negative for both Philadelphia chromosome and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen. Although all KMOE cells in suspension culture are benzidine-negative, benzidine-positive cells are found within colonies formed in semi-solid culture media. The relative number of colonies with benzidine-positive cells is increased when sodium butyrate is added to the culture.

Benzidines↗
PubMed1981

Electron microscopic study on mitochondria in Hürthle cell adenoma of thyroid.

In this investigation Hürthle cell adenoma of the thyroid was observed by electron microscopy. The cytoplasm of the cells consisted chiefly of an accumulation of numerous irregularly shaped mitochondria. Very few other organellae were observed. In addition electron microscopy revealed various degrees of electron density in the matrix of the mitochondria. When 3 dimensional models of the mitochondria were constructed, they revealed the mitochondria to have 3 dimentional forms which sometimes looked as if they might be dividing into two or three parts. The authors felt that this indicated a process of vigorous division of mitochondria and an extension of their life span. However, it was not possible to identify the cause of this division of mitochondria.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Role of adenosine deaminase in activation of macrophages.

The intracellular adenosine deaminase activity of induced macrophages was twice that of resident cells. Coformycin, a specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, inhibited the activation of macrophages, as measured by superoxide generation.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1981

Elevated cytostatic activity of monocytes from cancer patients.

Cytostatic activity of peripheral blood monocytes from patients with head and neck cancer, gastro-intestinal cancer, uterine cervical cancer, benign tumors of the head and neck, inflammatory diseases and pulmonary tuberculosis was studied by using a cultured lymphoid cell line as the target cell. Significantly higher cytostatic activities were observed at an effector-target cell ratio of 5:1 in these patients (except for pulmonary tuberculosis patients) than in healthy controls. The cytostatic activity of the monocytes from gastric cancer patients was more elevated in advanced stages than in stage 1. The cytostatic activity of culture supernatants of monocytes from cancer patients did not differ from that of healthy controls. The activity of the monocytes following radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer was depressed. The significance of elevated cytostatic activity of monocytes in cancer patients is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Superoxide assay-leukocyte adherence inhibition test and a soluble factor which stimulates the adherence of macrophages.

A modified method for the leukocyte adherence inhibition test is described. Peritoneal cells from immune guinea pigs or peripheral mononuclear cells from cancer patients were incubated with immunizing antigen or tumor extract in a 4-mm-wide glass microcell for spectrophotometer analysis. Instead of visual cell counting, the cells adherent to the bottom of the microcell were stimulated with cytochalasin E and wheat germ agglutinin, and the amount of the superoxide (O2.-) generated from the adherent macrophages or monocytes was assayed. Antigen-specific adherence inhibition of peritoneal cells of the immunized guinea pigs was detected 2 weeks after immunization. In contrast, cell adherence was stimulated after 3 weeks. It was shown that a soluble factor was responsible for the adherence stimulation and that nonadherent cells were necessary for its production. Peripheral mononuclear cells of 70% of the tumor-bearing lung cancer patients reacted to the lung tumor extract (9 adherence inhibitions and 7 adherence stimulations per 23 patients). Twenty-five % (3 of 12) of tumor-free patients showed positive reactions, all with adherence stimulation. Of the 12 healthy donors, 3 cases of pneumonia, one case of angiosarcoma of the left flank, one case of hemangiopericytoma of the mediastinum, and 8 cases of breast cancer, non reacted with the lung tumor extract, and only one of 7 lung tuberculosis patients showed positive adherence stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Establishment of a carcinoembryonic antigen-producing cell line from human pancreatic carcinoma.

A human pancreatic carcinoma cell line of islet cell origin (QGP-1) has been established and maintained for over two years. The parent tumor and the cultured cell line produce carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and there is no evidence of hormone secretion from the tumor cells. The epithelioid cells, which had migrated from rounded, irregular cell aggregates, grow as a confluent monolayer with piling up of cells in some areas, and have a population doubling time of 3.5 days. The modal chromosome number was 50. Exponentially growing cultures produce 76.3 ng of CEA/10(6) cells after 7 days. CEA production was confirmed by immuno-peroxidase staining.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1979

Electron microscopic studies of the effect of ACTH and flavin-adenine dinucleotide on adrenocortical atrophy of rats treated with dexamethasone phosphate.

In a previous paper the authors described the morphologic observations that the concomitant administration of ACTH and flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to hypophysectomized rats exerted a more potent preventive effect on atrophy of the adrenal cortex of the animals than the single administration of ACTH. The present study was made to electron-microscopically observe the effect of concomitant administration of ACTH and FAD on atrophy of the adrenal cortex induced with the administration of dexamethasone (Dx). The zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland of rats treated with Dx+ACTH+FAD was morphologically closer in cell organelles such as smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and chylomicrons to that of control animals than the counterpart of animals treated with Dx+ACTH only. The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex of animals treated with Dx+FAD was morphologically similar to that of animals treated with Dx only. These findings suggested that FAD would potentiate the adrenocorticotropic action of ACTH through its physiologic action.

Adrenal Cortex↗