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Biomedical subjects

K Y Lin

Publications and source records attributed to K Y Lin.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Campylobacter pyloridis in active chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer].

From Oct. 1986 to Jan. 1987, a total of 74 patients presenting for endoscopy were studied. These included 30 cases of active chronic gastritis and 44 cases of peptic ulcer. Biopsy specimens were taken during the endoscopy and sent to the laboratory for Campylobacter pyloridis culture within 2 hours. The culture was done by inoculated with chocolate agar, Brucella agar and 0.2% urea broth for urease activity. Results showed that, 53% (16/32) of active chronic gastritis, 77% (10/13) of gastric ulcer and 84% (26/31) of duodenal ulcer were positive for Campylobacter pyloridis. The specificity and sensitivity of urease positive rate are 64% and 90% respectively. It is higher as compared with bacteria culture. In addition, we found that 10 days would be needed for the routine culture and identification of this organism. But it took only 30 minutes to 6 hours for urease activity test. Therefore, we suggested that urease activity test could be a rapid diagnostic method for detecting Campylobacter pyloridis.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1984

Cholangiocarcinoma in hepatolithiasis.

During the period of 1979-1982, 10 cases of cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis were seen. We report the clinical features of 10 cases of cholangiocarcinoma in association with hepatolithiasis, along with detailed histopathology from the four resected specimens. Our observations suggest that whenever intrahepatic stones are encountered in patients over 50 years of age with a long history of recurrent cholangitis and intractable pain, further examination including echo-guided aspiration cytology, liver scanning, and peritoneoscopy should be performed to rule out a coexisting cholangiocarcinoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1982

Adrenergic receptors and increased reactivity of aortic smooth muscle in renal hypertensive rats.

The contractile responses of aortic smooth muscle and the dissociation constant (Ka) of the norepinephrine (NE) acting on alpha-adrenergic receptors in isolated thoracic aorta from normotensive and renal hypertensive rats were studied. Male Wistar rats were made hypertensive by uninephrectomy with figure-of-eight ligatures around the contralateral kidney. Two to three weeks after operation, the arterial systolic pressure for sham-operated rats was 123 +/- 2, and that for hypertensive rats was 164 +/- 4 mm Hg. Spontaneous rhythmic contractions of aortic rings, which were potentiated by low [Na]o and abolished by nifedipine (10(-6) - 10(-5) M), were observed in 4 out of 18 hypertensive rats. Aortic rings from normotensive rats showed no spontaneous rhythmicity. Although rhythmic phasic contractions could be induced in normotensive tissues by NE or caffeine in the presence of NE, tissues of hypertensive rats responded more readily. Furthermore, the threshold and the ED50 for tonic contractile response to NE was lower in hypertensive aortic rings than in the rings obtained from normotensive aortas. The Ka of NE acting on alpha-adrenergic receptors was derived from concentration-response data for NE before and after irreversible blockade of a fraction of the receptors with dibenamine (1-2 X 10(-7) M) in the presence of cocaine and propranolol. Mean Kas obtained were 5.58 +/- 0.42 X 10(-7) and 2.12 +/- 0.28 X 10(-7) M for normotensive and hypertensive rats, respectively. The increased contractile responses of the hypertensive aorta may be explained, at least partially, by a higher resting [Ca]i and a greater affinity of NE acting on the alpha-adrenergic receptors.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Glyoxylate metabolism and adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to survival under anaerobic conditions.

Tuberculosis is characterized by periods in which the disease may be quiescent or even clinically inapparent, but in which tubercle bacilli persist and retain the potential to reactivate the disease. The present study was carried out in pursuit of an in vitro model which might contribute to the understanding of the physiology of nonreplicating persisters, with oxygen limitation used as the means of inducing this state. When actively growing aerated cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were suddenly placed under anaerobic conditions the bacilli died rapidly, with a half-life of 10 h. When the bacilli were grown in liquid medium without agitation, they adapted to the microaerophilic conditions encountered in the sediment; the adapted bacilli in the sediment did not replicate there but were tolerant of anaerobiosis, exhibiting a half-life of 116 h. Among the early events associated with the adaptation were the synthesis of an antigen designated URB, the function of which is not known, and a fourfold increase in isocitrate lyase activity. The bacilli later exhibited a 10-fold increase in synthesis of a glycine dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reductive amination of glyoxylate, concomitantly oxidizing NADH to NAD. Specific activities of other enzymes studied were either not affected or moderately diminished in the sedimented bacilli. It is proposed that the glyoxylate synthesis in this model serves mainly to provide a substrate for the regeneration of NAD that may be required for the orderly completion of the final cycle of bacillary replication before oxygen limitation stops growth completely. This orderly shutdown is essential to continued survival of M. tuberculosis in a quiescent form.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

Endogenous retroviral envelope antigen in plasma cells.

Previous observations that endogenous retroviral envelope antigen is expressed in splenic Ig(+) B cells of SRBC-sensitized 15I5 X 71 chickens suggested that expression of this antigen might be a general property of plasma cells in 15I5 and related strains. To investigate this possibility, immunofluorescence assays with antiviral sera were carried out using plasma cells present in Harder glands. Endogenous retroviral envelope antigen was detectable in plasma cells of line 15I5 X 71, 15I5 X 72, and 15I5 chickens but not in plasma cells of line 72, 15B, or 63 chickens. Higher levels of retroviral envelope antigen were detectable in 15I5 X 71 plasma cells as compared to 15I5 X 71 bursal cells. The presence of retroviral envelope antigen in 15I5 plasma cells, coupled with the absence of detectable levels of retroviral p27-related antigen in these cells, suggested that expression of the former is governed by the ev 6 genetic locus.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of sodium intake on single nephron glomerular filtration rate and sodium reabsorption in experimental uremia.

Sodium balance, clearance and micropuncture studies were performed on three groups of uremic rats in which renal mass was reduced experimentally by approximately 85%. All animals received a sodium-free synthetic diet to which a measured amount of NaCl was added. Sodium intake was 3 mEq/day in one group, 1 mEq/day in a second group and 0.13 mEq/day in the third. In the latter, the Na intake was reduced (from an initial level of 1 mEq/day) as renal mass was reduced in proportion to the estimated reduction in renal mass in an effort to obviate the requirement for an increased natriuresis/nephron. Clearance and micropuncture studies also were performed in a group of normal rats maintained on 1 mEq/day of Na. All three groups of uremic rats on the standard diet maintained external Na balance. Single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) in superficial nephrons was increased in all three groups of uremic rats and seemed to be independent of the Na intake; fractional fluid reabsorption was decreased in the proximal tubules in all three groups of uremic rats. Furthermore, absolute proximal Na reabsorption was markedly increased; and calculated values for distal reabsorption were markedly increased in all groups of uremic rats. The data suggest that the increase in SNGFR and the decrease in tubular fluid to plasma (TF/P) inulin ratios in superficial proximal tubules correlate poorly with the dictates for an increase in sodium excretion rate per residual nephron. These data also have implications regarding the operation of the control system in the regulation of external Na balance in uremia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biomechanical performance of powder-free examination gloves.

Biomechanical performance studies were undertaken for powder-free, latex and nitrile examination gloves. Using standardized tests, examination glove performance was judged by measuring glove thickness, glove puncture force, glove tape adhesion force, glove donning force, glove stiffness, and immediate unrecovered stretch. Even though the nitrile examination gloves were thinner than the latex examination gloves, they exhibited a greater puncture resistance. In addition, tape adherence to the N-Dex nitrile glove was the lowest. Moreover, measurements of the handling characteristics of the nitrile examination gloves demonstrated that they are an acceptable alternative to latex examination gloves. While these biomechanical studies demonstrate the superiority of the nitrile examination gloves, clinical glove evaluation is still needed to determine their performance in the health care setting.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute scrotal gangrene: report of one case].

Acute scrotal gangrene is a rare urologic emergency that is especially uncommon in children. It is characterized by an abrupt onset in an otherwise healthy individual, rapid progression to gangrene, and ill-defined etiology. A twenty-three-day-old male infant with complaints of irritable crying, fever, and scrotal swelling was admitted to this hospital. Physical examination showed scrotal edematous swelling and skin discoloration. Ultrasound examination, culture of scrotal content and scrotal biopsy confirmed this diagnosis. After surgical drainage and treatment with strong antibiotics, the patient was recovered uneventfully. Acute scrotal gangrene is very rare, especially in early infancy, therefore, it is important to recognize the disease and be careful to make differential diagnosis with other disease, especially testicular torsion, and strangulated hernia to avoid unwarranted, complication or surgery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Congenital megacalyces].

Congenital megacalyces is a calyceal anomaly characterized by nonobstructive dilatations of the calyces, associated with hypoplasia of the medullary pyramids. In the past three years, seven patients with congenital megacalyces were found incidentally during renal ultrasonic examination. There were five boys and two girls who were asymptomatic, except for a case with hematuria. Three cases presented bilateral and four unilateral, ages ranged from 7 to 14 years. In this series, all cases with dilatations of the calyces were initially detected by sonography, and then confirmed by other radiologic examinations. On intravenous urography, contrast material was visible at the normal time, but prolonged opacification. The radiological features presented widen calyces, flattened papillae, absence of papillary tips and usually no significant dilatation of the renal pelvis and ureter. The renal medulla had become thin. An ultrasound examination showed the kidneys with dilated calyces and decreased parenchyma. Renal pelvis and ureter were mostly normal in size. Diuretic radionuclide renogram T1/2 was performed in five cases, to disclose nonobstructive lesions. Radionuclide cystography, underwent in three cases, revealed no reflux phenomenon. Renal function was normal in all cases. Congenital megacalyces are a non-progressive lesions. Therefore, it is important to recognize the clinical entity and avoid unnecessary surgery. Since sonography is a noninvasive modality, it can serve as a tool for long-term follow-up of these patients and for the detection of possible future stone formation.

Adolescent↗