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Biomedical subjects

K X Karakostas

Publications and source records attributed to K X Karakostas.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Diagnostic tests for dry eye disease in normals and dry eye patients with and without Sjögren's syndrome.

In order to compare the diagnostic tests for dry eye disease and the results of conjunctival impression cytology, we examined three groups of eyes: 146 eyes of normal controls, 108 eyes of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) patients without Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and 102 eyes of patients with SS. The clinical tests (break-up time, Schirmer test, Rose Bengal staining) and conjunctival impression cytology specimens from the superior part of the bulbar conjunctiva were evaluated from all the eyes. Our results showed that the patients with KCS without SS have abnormal lacrimal tests (p < 0.001) without changes in impression cytology [nucleo/cytoplasmic ratio (N/C), p > 0.1]. The patients with KCS and SS have also abnormal lacrimal tests (p < 0.01), and their epithelial cells presented squamous metaplasia (N/C, p < 0.001). The goblet cell number remained unchanged in the three groups (p > 0.1).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of tear break-up time, Schirmer's-I test and rose bengal staining as confirmatory tests for keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

The tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer's I test (S-I) and slit lamp examination after rose Bengal staining (RBS) are simple tests for evaluation of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Discrepancies, however, regarding the range of normal values and the specificity and sensitivity of these methods prompted us to reevaluate them in 81 primary Sjögren's syndrome patients (Ss) and 276 normal volunteers. In normal volunteers, BUT values ranged from 4 sec. to 32 sec. (means +/- SD: 13 +/- 6 sec.) and in primary Ss from 1 sec. to 15 sec. (means +/- SD: 7 +/- 3 sec.). Ninety five percent (95%) of the values from primary Ss patients were below 12 sec. Forty two percent (42%) of the values obtained from normal individuals fall within this range. Schirmer's I test values in normal individuals ranged from 0 mm/5 min. to 30 mm/5 min. (means +/- SD: 10 +/- 9 mm) and in primary Ss patients from 0 mm/5 min. to 30 mm/5 min. (means +/- SD: 4 +/- 7 mm.). Ninety five percent (95%) of the primary Ss patients' values were below 19 mm/5 min. Sixty eight percent (68%) of the normal individual values fall into this range. Rose Bengal staining values ranged in normals from 0 to 7 (means +/- SD: 1 +/- 1) and in primary Ss patients from 1 to 8 (means +/- SD: 5 +/- 2). Ninety five percent (95%) of the primary Ss patients' values were above 2. Only 7% of normal individual values fall into this range. From these data we conclude that rose Bengal staining is the best test for evaluation of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Adolescent↗