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Biomedical subjects

K Welch

Publications and source records attributed to K Welch.

115 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Scoliosis in children with pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum.

Between 1974 and 1985, 461 patients with pectus excavatum and 135 patients with pectus carinatum underwent operative repair of their anterior chest wall deformities. Twenty-one percent of patients with anterior chest wall deformity had mild scoliosis by clinical and radiographic examination. The average lateral spinal deformity was 15 degrees (range 6-78 degrees) for pectus excavatum patients and 16 degrees (range 5-57 degrees) for pectus carinatum patients. Eighteen percent of the pectus excavatum patients with scoliosis and 14% of the pectus carinatum patients with scoliosis required therapeutic intervention of bracing and/or arthrodesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Birthweight-adjusted Dubowitz methods: reducing misclassification of assessments of gestational age in a Zimbabwean population.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and the utility of using birthweight-adjusted scores of the Dubowitz method of estimating gestational age in a Zimbabwean population. DESIGN: A validation study. SETTING: Harare Maternity Hospital, from October to December 1999. SUBJECTS: 364 African newborn infants with a known last menstrual period (LMP), within the first 56 hours of life. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences between regression lines and variances explained by Dubowitz scores obtained by examining newborn infants compared to gestational age calculated from the last menstrual period, in models with and without the addition of birthweight. RESULTS: The Dubowitz method was a good predictor of gestational age, useful in differentiating term from pre-term infants. The beta coefficients from regression lines with and without addition of birthweight differed significantly from each other (z = 2.83, p < 0.01). Our regression line without adding birthweight was Y(LMP gestational age) = 23.814 + 0.301* score. Addition of birthweight to the regression models improved prediction of gestational age, Y(LMP gestational age) = 23.512 + 0.219* score + 0.0015* grams, and accounted for 69% of the variance compared to 66% in models without birthweight. CONCLUSION: The introduction of birthweight improves estimation of gestational age, correcting for the overestimation reported for the original Dubowitz methods and the error caused by low birthweight. We recommend the use of our birthweight-adjusted Dubowitz maturity scales for studies of prematurity, and for routine clinical practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic neuromas in children.

Although unilateral acoustic neuromas in children are rare, they do occur. There is no gender predilection and the clinical symptoms and signs are similar to those seen in adults. They tend to occur in the absence of neurofibromatosis and are usually benign. Our patient is the youngest yet reported with documented unilateral acoustic neuroma; moreover; she is the first child in whom this tumor has been proven to be malignant both by histopathology and subsequent clinical behavior.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Population-based nutritional risk survey of pensioners in Yerevan, Armenia.

Armenia, a republic of the former Soviet Union, currently suffers from hyperinflation of its currency, a five-year country-wide blockade, and a war with Azerbaijan. Pensioners 60 years of age or older may be at high risk for significant nutritional deficits. We drew a stratified systematic sample (with a random starting point) of 456 pensioner names from all eight administrative regions in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. We administered a questionnaire that gathered data including self-reported weight and height, demographic characteristics, living conditions, medical and dietary history, income, and aid received from various sources. The survey yielded 381 of 456 (84%) completed interviews. Ninety-one percent reported their diet had gotten worse during the past six months, including less variety (83%) and quantity (85%) of food. Seventy-six percent reported they did not have enough money to buy food, and 91% had cut the size of their meals or skipped meals. Forty-five percent reported a weight loss of > or = 5 kg in the previous year. After we adjusted for potential confounders, weight loss of > or = 5 kg was associated with illness affecting eating (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.2, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.4, 3.4), not having received aid (adjusted OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.1, 4.1), and cutting the size of or skipping meals (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1, 6.7).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementing a local area network for nursing in a large teaching hospital.

The authors describe the assessment, planning, implementation, and benefits of a local area network (LAN) for the nursing service of a 504-bed urban teaching hospital. The major goals of the network were to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the nursing administrative areas and improve communication systems. A network of more than 90 workstations, spanning 12 buildings, was installed. The network provides access to multiple programs that support clinical, managerial, and research activities. Gateways provide access to the hospital's two mainframe computers. Network benefits identified by nursing management include: improved communication and access to information; increased accuracy, efficiency and timeliness of data; and improved computer literacy.

Boston↗